逻辑符号的英文

.Logic

?

there exist

?

for all

p

?

q

p implies q / if p, then q

p

?

q

p if and only if q /p is equivalent to q / p and q are equivalent

x

∈

A

x belongs to A / x is an element (or a member) of A

x

?

A

x does not belong to A / x is not an element (or a member) of A

A

?

B

A is contained in B / A is a subset of B

A

?

B

A contains B / B is a subset of A

A

∩

B

A cap B / A meet B / A intersection B

A

∪

B

A cup B / A join B / A union B

AB

A minus B / the diference between A and B

A×

B

A cross B / the cartesian product of A and B

3. Real numbers

x+1

x plus one

x-1

x minus one

x±

1

x plus or minus one

xy

xy / x multiplied by y

(x - y)(x + y)

x minus y, x plus y

x y

x over y

=

the equals sign

x = 5

x equals 5 / x is equal to 5

x≠5

x (is) not equal to 5

x

≡

y

x is equivalent to (or identical with) y

x

≡

y

x is not equivalent to (or identical with) y

x > y

x is greater than y

x≥y

x is greater than or equal to y

x < y

x is less than y

x≤y

x is less than or equal to y

0 < x < 1

zero is less than x is less than 1

0≤x≤1

zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to 1

| x |

mod x / modulus x

x 2

x squared / x (raised) to the power 2

x 3

x cubed

x 4

x to the fourth / x to the power four

x n

x to the nth / x to the power n

x ?n

x to the (power) minus n

x

(square) root x / the square root of x

x 3

cube root (of) x

x 4

fourth root (of) x

x n

nth root (of) x

( x+y ) 2

x plus y all squared

( x y ) 2

x over y all squared

n!

n factorial

x ^

x hat

x ?

x bar

x ?

x tilde

x i

xi / x subscript i / x suffix i / x sub i

∑ i=1 n a i

the sum from i equals one to n a i / the sum as i runs from 1 to n of the

a i

4. Linear algebra

‖

x

‖

the norm (or modulus) of x

OA

→

OA / vector OA

OA ?

OA / the length of the segment OA

A T

A transpose / the transpose of A

A ?1

A inverse / the inverse of A

5. Functions

f( x )

fx / f of x / the function f of x

f:S

→

T

a function f from S to T

x

→

y

x maps to y / x is sent (or mapped) to y

f'( x )

f prime x / f dash x / the (first) derivative of f with respect to x

f''( x )

f double- prime x / f double-dash x / the second derivative of f with respect to

x

f'''( x )

triple- prime x / f triple-dash x / the third derivative of f with respect to x

f (4) ( x )

f four x / the fourth derivative of f with respect to x

?f ? x 1

the partial (derivative) of f with respect to x1

? 2 f ? x 1 2

the second partial (derivative) of f with respect to x1

∫ 0 ∞

the integral from zero to infinity

lim

?

x

→

0

the limit as x approaches zero

lim

?

x

→

0 +

the limit as x approaches zero from above

lim

?

x

→

0 ?

the limit as x approaches zero from below

log e y

log y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) y

ln

?

y

log y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) y

一般词汇

数学

mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE)

公理

axiom

定理

theorem

计算

calculation

运算

operation

证明

prove

假设

hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)

命题

proposition

算术

arithmetic

加

plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)

被加数

augend, summand

加数

addend

和

sum

减

minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.)

被减数

minuend

减数

subtrahend

差

remainder

乘

times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.)

被乘数

multiplicand, faciend

乘数

multiplicator

积

product

除

divided by(prep.), divide(v.), div

ision(n.)

被除数

dividend

除数

divisor

商

quotient

等于

equals, is equal to, is equivalent to

大于

is greater than

小于

is lesser than

大于等于

is equal or greater than

小于等于

is equal or lesser than

运算符

operator

数字

digit

数

number

自然数

natural number

整数

integer

小数

decimal

小数点

decimal point

分数

fraction

分子

numerator

分母

denominator

比

ratio

正

positive

负

negative

零

null, zero, nought, nil

十进制

decimal system

二进制

binary system

十六进制

hexadecimal system

权

weight, significance

进位

carry

截尾

truncation

四舍五入

round

下舍入

round down

上舍入

round up