-
1988
年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语
试题
1
1
988
年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
Section I Structure and Vocabulary
In each question, decide which of the
four choices given will most suitably complete
the
sentence
if
inserted
at
the
place
marked.
Put
your
choices
in
the
ANSWER
SHEET.
(15 points)
EXAMPLE:
I was
caught ________ the rain yesterday
.
[A] in
[B] by
[C]
with
[D] at
ANSWER: [A]
1.
I
didn
?
t buy the apples; she
gave them to me ________ nothing.
[A]
with
[B] as
[C]
for
[D] by
2.
It
?
s ________ my
power to make final decision on the matter.
[A] off
[B] outside
[C] above
[D]
beyond
3.
I should say Henry
is not ________ much a writer as a reporter.
[A] that
[B] so
[C] this
[D] as
4.
I
won
?
t pay 20 for the coat;
it
?
s not worth ________.
[A] all that much
[B] that
much all
[C] that all much
[D] much all that
2
大家版词典级
22
年考研英语真题及答案逆序版
5.
He
didn
?
t go into detail on the
subject; he spoke ________.
[A] in
common
[B] in general
[C] in
particular
[D] in short
6.
It
?
s
true
that
the old
road
is
less direct and a
bit
longer. We
won
?
t take
the
new
one, ________, because
we don
?
t feel as safe on it.
[A] somehow
[B] though
[C] therefore
[D]
otherwise
7.
When
you are about
through
the story ________,
try
to
make a
guess
how the
plot will develop.
[A] half
[B] midway
[C] halfway
[D]
one-half
8.
Though
already
a
teenager,
Peter
still
finds
it
hard
to
________
his
favorite
toys.
[A] part off
[B] part with
[C] part
away
[D] part from
9.
Strenuous
efforts
have
been
made
to
________
government
expenses
to
a
desirable
level.
[A] cut down
[B] cut
short
[C] cut out
[D] cut off
10.
When at a party
, be
sure
not to ________
from the person
who tries
to engage
you in
conversation.
[A] turn down
[B] turn away
[C] turn
off
[D] turn
back
1988
年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题<
/p>
3
11.
The
survival
________
of
some
wild
animals
is
not
very
high
as
they
are
ruthlessly hunted for their skins.
[A] rate
[B] degree
[C] ratio
[D]
scale
12.
He was ________
admittance to the theatre for not being properly
dressed.
[A] denied
[B] rejected
[C]
repelled
[D] deprived
13.
When I ask you a
question, I expect a ________ answer.
[A] punctual
[B] fast
[C] rapid
[D]
prompt
14.
If a man is
legally separated from his wife, is he still
________ for her debts?
[A] answerable
[B] chargeable
[C]
recoverable
[D] payable
15.
At the meeting, Roland
argued ________ in favor of the proposal.
[A] severely
[B] heavily
[C] forcefully
[D] warmly
Section II
Reading Comprehension
Each of the three
passages below is followed by some questions. For
each question
there
are
four
answers.
Read
the
passages
carefully
and
chose
the
best
answer
to
each of
the questions. Put your choice in the ANSWER
SHEET. (20 points)
T
ext 1
4
大家版词典级
22
年考研英语真题及答案逆序版
It
doesn
?
t come as a surprise
to
you to
realize
that
it
makes
no
difference
what
you
read
or
study
if
you
can
?
t
remember
it.
Y
ou
just
waste
your
valuable
time.
Maybe
you
have
already
discovered
some
clever
ways
to
keep
yourself
from
forgetting.
One dependable aid
that does
help
you remember what
you study
is to
have a
specific purpose or
reason for reading. Y
ou remember better
what you read when you
know why
you
?
re reading.
Why does a clerk in a store go away and
leave you when your reply to her offer
to
help
is,
“
No,
thank
you.
I
?
m
just
looking
”
?
Both
you
and
she
know
that
if
you
aren
?
t sure what
you want, you are not likely to find it. But
suppose you say instead,
“
Y
es,
thank
you.
I
want
a
pair
of
sun
glasses.”
She
says,
“Right
this
way
,
please.”
And you and she are
off -- both eager to look for exactly what you
want.
It
?
s
quite
the
same
with
your
studying.
If
you
chose
a
book
at
random,
“
just
looking
”
for
nothing in particular, you are likely to get just
that -- nothing. But if you
do know
what you want, and if you have the right book, you
are almost sure to get it.
Y
ou
r
reasons
will
vary;
they
will
include
reading
or
studying
“to
find
out
more
about”, “to understand the reasons
for”, “to find out how”. A good student has a
clear
purpose or reason for what he is
doing.
This
is
the
way
it
works.
Before
you
start
to
study
,
you
say
to
yourself
something
like this,
“
I
want
to know
why Stephen Vincent
Benet
happened to
write
about America.
I
?
m reading this article to
find out.
”
Or,
“
I
?
m
going to skim this story
to
see
what
life
was
like
in
medieval
England.”
Because
you
know
why
you
are
reading
or
studying,
you
relate
the
information
to
your
purpose
and
remember
it
better.
Reading is not one
single activity. At least two important processes
go on at the
same
time.
As
you
read,
you
take
in
ideas
rapidly
and
accurately
.
But
at
the
same
time you express your own ideas to
yourself as you react to what you read.
Y
ou have
a
kind
of
mental
conversation
with
the
author.
If
you
expressed
your
ideas
orally,
they
might
sound
like
this:
“Y
es,
I
agree.
That?s
my
opinion
too.”
or
“Ummmm,
I
thought
that record was
broken
much earlier.
I?d
better check those dates,” or
“But
there are
some other
facts to be considered!”
Y
ou
don?t
just sit
there
taking
in
ideas
-- you do something
else, and that something else is very important.
This additional process of
thinking about
what
you read
includes evaluating
it,
relating
it
to
what
you
already
know,
and
using
it
for
your
own
purposes.
In
other
words,
a
good
reader
is
a
critical
reader.
One
part
of
critical
reading,
as
you
have
discovered,
is
distinguishing
between
facts
and
opinions.
Facts
can
be
checked
by
evidence. Opinions are
one?s own personal reactions.
Another part of critical
reading
is judging sources.
Still another part
is drawing
accurate inferences.
16.
If you cannot remember what you read or
study
, ________.
[A] it is
no surprise
1988
年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
5
[B] it means
you have not really learned anything
[C] it means you have not chosen the
right book
[D] you realize
it is of no importance
17.
Before you start reading, it is
important ________.
[A] to make sure
why you are reading
[B] to relate the
information to your purpose
[C] to
remember what you read
[D]
to choose an interesting book
18.
Reading activity involves ________.
[A] only two simultaneous processes
[B] primarily learning about ideas and
evaluating them critically
[C] merely
distinguishing between facts and
opinions
[D] mainly drawing
accurate inferences
19.
A
good reader is one who ________.
[A]
relates what he reads to his own knowledge about
the subject matter
[B] does lots of
thinking in his reading
[C] takes a
critical attitude in his reading
[D] is able to check the facts
presented against what he has already known
T
ext 2
If
you
live
in a
large city
,
you
are quite
familiar
with some of
the problems of
noise, but because of some of its
harmful effects, you may not be aware of the
extent
of
its
influence
on
human
behavior.
Although
everyone
more
or
less
knows
what
noise
is, i.e., it is sounds that one would rather not
hear, it is perhaps best to define it
more
precisely
for
scientific
purposes.
One
such
definition
is
that
noise
is
sounds
that
are
unrelated
to
the
task
at
hand.
Thus
stimuli
that
at
one
time
might
be
considered relevant will
at another time be considered noise, depending on
what one
is doing at the
moment.
In recent
years
there
has
been a
great deal of
interest
in the
effects
of
noise
on
human
behavior,
and
concepts
such
as
“noise
pollution”
have
arisen, together with
movements to reduce noise.
Exposure
to
loud
noises
can
definitely
produce
a
partial
or
complete
loss
of
hearing,
depending
on
the
intensity
,
duration,
and
frequency
composition
of
the
noise.
Many
jobs present
noise
hazards, such as
working
in
factories and around
jet
aircraft,
driving
farm
tractors,
and
working
(or
sitting)
in
music
halls
where
rock
bands are playing. In
general,
continuous exposure
to sounds of over
80 decibels (a
measure
of
the
loudness
of
sound)
can
be
considered
dangerous.
Decibel
values
correspond
to
various
sounds.
Sounds
above
about
85
decibels
may
,
if
exposure
is
6
大家版词典级
22
年考研英语真题及答案逆序版
for
a
sufficient
period
of
time,
produce
significant
hearing
loss.
Actual
loss
will
depend
upon
the
particular
frequencies
to
which
one
is
exposed,
and
whether
the
sound
is continuous or intermittent.
Noise
can
have
unexpected
harmful effects on performance of
certain kinds of
tasks,
for
instance,
if
one
is performing a watch keeping task
that requires
vigilance,
in
which
he
is
responsible
for detecting
weak signals of some kind (e.g.,
watching a
radar screen for the
appearance of aircraft).
Communicating
with other people is unfavorably affected by
noise. If you have
ridden
in
the
rear
of
a
jet
transport,
you
may
have
noticed
that
it
was
difficult
to
carry
on
a
conversation
at
first,
and
that,
eventually,
you
adjusted
the
loudness
of
your
speech to compensate for the effect. The problem
is noise.
20.
Noise differs
from sound in that ________.
[A] it is
sounds that interfere with the task being done
[B] it is a special type of loud sound
[C] it is usually unavoidable in big
cities
[D] it can be defined
more precisely than the latter
21.
One of the harmful effects of noise on
human performance is that ________.
[A] it reduces
one
?
s sensitivity
[B] it renders the victim helpless
[C] it deprives one of the enjoyment of
music
[D] it drowns out
conversations at worksites
22.
The purpose of this passage is
________.
[A] to define the effects of
noise on human behavior
[B] to warn
people of the danger of noise pollution
[C] to give advice as to how to prevent
hearing loss
[D] to tell the
difference between noise and sound
T
ext 3
The
traditional
belief
that
a
woman
?
s
place
is
in
the
home
and
that
a
woman
ought
not
to
go
out
to
work
can
hardly
be
reasonably
maintained
in
present
conditions.
It
is
said
that
it
is
a
woman
?
s
task
to
care
for
the
children,
but
families
today
tend
to
b
e
small
and
with
a
year
or
two
between
children.
Thus
a
woman?s
whole
period
of
childbearing
may
occur
within
five
years.
Furthermore,
with
compulsory
education
from
the
age
of
five
or
six
her
role
as
chief
educator
of
her
children
soon
ceases.
Thus,
even
if
we
agree
that
a
woman
should
stay
at
home
to
look after
her children
before they are of school age,
for
many
women, this period
would extend only for about ten years.
1988
年全国硕士研究生入学统一
考试英语试题
7
It
might
be
argued
that
the
house-proud
woman
would
still
find
plenty
to
do
about the home. That
may be
so, but
it
is certainly
no
longer necessary
for a woman
to spend
her whole
life cooking,
cleaning,
mending and
sewing. Washing
machines
take the drudgery out of
laundry
, the
latest
models being entirely
automatic and able
to
wash
and
dry
a
large
quantity
of
clothes
in
a
few
minutes.
Refrigerators
have
made
it
possible
to
store
food
for
long
periods
and
many
pre-
cooked
foods
are
obtainable
in
tins. Shopping,
instead of
being a daily
task, can be completed
in one
day a week.
The
new
man-made
fibers
are
more
hardwiring than
natural
fibers and
greatly reduce
mending, while good ready-made clothes are cheap
and plentiful.
Apart
from
women
?
s
own
happiness,
the
needs
of
the
community
must
be
considered. Modern society cannot do
well
without the contribution that
women can
make
in
professions
and other kinds of
work. There
is a serious
shortage of
nurses
and
teachers,
to
mention
only
two
of
the
occupations
followed
by
women.
It
is
extremely
wasteful
to
give
years
of
training
at
public
expense
only
to
have
the
qualified
teacher
or
nurse
marry
after
a
year
or
two
and
be
lost
forever
to
her
profession.
The
training,
it
is
true,
will
help
her
in
duties
as
a
mother,
but
if
she
continued
to
work,
her
service
would
be
more
widely
useful.
Many
factories
and
shops,
too,
are
largely
staffed
by
women,
many
of
them
married.
While
here
the
question
of training
is
not
so
important,
industry and
trade
would be seriously
short
of staff if married women did not work.
23.
The author holds that
________.
[A]
the
right
place
for
all
women,
married
or
otherwise,
is
the
home,
not
elsewhere
[B] all married
women should have some occupation outside the home
[C] a married woman should give first
priority to her duties as a mother
[D]
it
is
desirable
for uneducated
married women to stay at
home and take care
of the
family
24.
A house-proud
woman ________.
[A] would devote her
whole life to her family
[B] would take
her own happiness and that of her family as her
chief concern
[C] would still
need some special training at public
expense
to
help
her
in
her
duties as a housewife
[D]
would take full advantage of modern household
appliances
25.
According to
the author, modern society ________.
[A] can operate just as well even
without women participation
[B]
has
been
greatly
hampered
in
its
development
by
the
shortage
of
women
nurses and women
teachers
[C] cannot operate properly
without the contribution of women
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
上一篇：英语听力材料
下一篇：英语励志美句摘抄_优美励志的英语句子