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19.3朝阳区高三一模英语含答案

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2021-02-01 11:00
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2021年2月1日发(作者:nw)


北京市朝阳区高三年级第一次综合练习



英语学科测试





2019.3



(考试时间

< p>
100


分钟





满分


120



)



本试卷共


10


页。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。



第一部分:知识运用(共两节,


45


分 )



第一节



语法填空(共


10


小题;每小题


1.5



,



15


分)



阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写



1


个适当的单词,


在给出提示词的 空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。



A



John


Carter


was


rescued


from


the


sea


near


his


holiday


home


yesterday.


The


accident


happened while he __1__ (walk) along a steep cliff at the edge of the sea. He was blown off by a


strong wind and __2__ (fall) into the sea, 30 meters below. Luckily, a woman saw him in the sea


soon afterwards and she called the police rescue service. Mr. Carter was taken to hospital with a


__3__ (break) arm.



I



m very lucky to be alive,



he said.



I can



t thank the woman enough.




B


Many elephants can paint. In fact, elephants in zoos sometimes draw on the ground __4__ a


stick.


Seeing


this,


some


trainers


teach


the


elephants


__5__


they


can


hold


paintbrushes,


and


encourage


them


to


choose


colors


and


paint.


Of


course,


not


every


painting


is


good.


Just


like


humans,


only


some


elephants


are


very


creative.


Now,


an


online


gallery


sells


paintings


by


these


elephant artists. By doing this, the gallery hopes to earn money __6__ (protect) elephants.


C






Golden Gate Park is in San Francisco, California. It is one of the largest urban __7__ (park)


in the United States. Over one million colorful flowers, trees and other plants grow in the park.


But originally most of the park __8__ (cover) in sand. After a lot of work, it was finally built in


1870. Today, there are many people __9__ (visit) the park every day. They play basketball, soccer,


golf and many other sports there. The park is closed in many places to traffic so people can walk,


cycle, or skate __10__ (free).



第二节



完形填空(共


20


小题;每小题


1.5


分,共


30


分)



阅读下面短文,


掌握其大意,


从每题所给的


A



B



C



D

< p>
四个选项中,


选出最佳选项,


并在答题卡上将该项 涂黑。



A Game of Light and Shade


It was a sunny day. I had gone up and down the tower when, outside the door at the foot, a


blind man came toward me. In a moment, he disappeared up the stairs. I looked at the sign that


said



To the Tower



, and decided to __11__ him.


1



I caught up with him in the ticket office. There I was __12__ to see the attendant (


工作人员


)


selling him a ticket as if he were any other visitor. Then, with the ticket in one hand and __13__


the wall with the fingers of the other, the blind man reached the stairs __14__ to the hallway.


“That man is blind


. What would a blind man climb up the tower for?


” I said to the attendant,


expecting him to show some __15__


, but he didn’t answer.



“Not the


__16__


certainly,” I said. “Perhaps he wants to


__17__


.”



I bought a ticket and __18__ up the stairs.


The man hadn’t gone as far as I


__19__. A third of


the way up the tower, I heard his __20__. I slowed down and followed him at a little __21__. He


stopped from time to time. When he got to the balcony (


阳台


), I was a dozen steps __22__. As I


reached it, I saw him at the corner of the tower.


At last, after ten minutes, I __23__


him. “Excuse me,” I said as politely as I could, “b


ut I am


curious to know __24__


you came up.”



He smiled. “


Coming up the stairs, you will notice how not just light but sun __25__ into the


tower through the narrow windows here and there, so that you can feel the __26__



the cool stairs


suddenly become quite warm



and how up here behind the wall there is __27__, but as soon as


going opposite a window you can find the sun. There is no __28__ so good as this for feeling the


difference between light and shade


. It is not the first time I’ve come up.”




The blind man seemed quite __29__, just like a child who was enjoying his favorite games.


He told me the truth that blind men can also find the beauty in life __30__ they cannot enjoy the


sights of the world.



11. A. accept


12. A. frightened


13. A. touching



14. A. pointing


15. A. respect


16. A. view



17. A. kick


18. A. struggled


19. A. promised


20. A. steps



21. A. standard


22. A. ahead



23. A. recognized


24. A. why



25. A. knocks



26. A. trend


B. follow




B. disappointed




B. climbing




B. attaching



B. doubt




B. test




B. jump




B. explored



B. examined


B. words




B. distance




B. around




B. surrounded



B. how




B. pours




B. reaction




C. control




C. surprised




C. hitting



C. contributing




C. concern




C. prize




C. relax




C. wandered




C. imagined




C. secrets




C. expense




C. outside




C. approached




C. when




C. slides




C. change




2



D. visit


D. embarrassed


D. covering


D. leading


D. sympathy


D. trick


D. escape


D. hurried



D. confirmed


D. cheers


D. intention


D. behind


D. witnessed


D. whether


D. bursts


D. honor


27. A. light





28. A. place




29. A. nervous



30. A. unless


B. space





B. signal



B. content




B. because




C. mess


C. object




C. curious



C. once





D. shade


D. period


D. patient


D. although


第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,


40


分)



第一节 (共


15


小题;每小题


2


分,共


30


分)



阅读下列短文,从每题所给的


A



B



C


< br>D


四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡


上将该项涂黑 。



A


Get Involved! Make a Donation!


So what is rewilding?


Imagine our natural homes growing instead of shrinking. Imagine species


(


物种


)


diversifying instead of declining. That’s rewilding. Rewilding is ecological


restoration. Rewilding offers hope for wildlife, humans and the planet.


Why is rewilding important and necessary?




Our natural ecology is broken.


The places where you would expect wildlife to exist have


been reduced to wet deserts. The seabed has been destroyed and there have been no living creatures


any more.




Our


wildlife


is


disappearing.


Many


wonderful


species


have


declined


over


the


past


century. We’ve lost more of our large


animals than any European country.




We need keystone species.


These vital species, including top predators


(


食肉动物


), drive


ecological processes. Their loss has worsened our living systems.




Nature


looks


after


us.


Good


natural


ecology


can


provide


us


with


clean


air


and


water,


prevent flooding and store carbon. Rewilding can leave the world in a better state than it is today.


What are challenges?


As


a


long-term


project,


our



rewilding


b


ritain”



has


its


challenges.


Many


people


are


not


interested, because we have got used to the lack of native forests. Many farmers oppose the idea.


They thought it a crazy idea to bring back predators because they would start killing farm animals. It


takes time to educate them. Above all, we need money! So we need your help!



Make a donation.


Help us bring back living systems and restore wild nature!


With your help we can...




Open up new chances for rewilding and push for change.




Develop tools to educate, influence and spread the word.


Thanks for your support.




3



31. Which of the following is the result of rewilding?


A. Species become various.



C. Environments are destroyed.



B. A lot of animals disappear.


D. Natural disasters happen regularly.


32. According to the passage, one of the challenges at present is ______.



A. p


eople’s


doubts



C. a shortage of time



33. What is the main purpose of the passage?


A. To introduce a new project.


B. To call on people to give money.


C. To warn people of the natural ecology.


D. To convince people to change their mind.


B


Flying High


Barrington


Irving


made


his


historic


flight


and


founded


an


educational


non-profit- making


organization.


His


message


for


kids:


“The


only


thing


that


separates


you


from


scientists


is



determination,


hard


work


and


a


strong


liking


for


what


you


want


to


achieve.



The


secret,


he


believes, is having a dream in the first place, and that starts with learning experiences that inspire


kids to build careers.


The moment of inspiration for Irving came at the age of 15 in


his parents’ booksto


re. One


customer, a professional pilot, asked Irving if he’d thought ab


out


becoming a pilot. “I told him I


didn’t


think


I


was


smart


enough;


but


the


next


day


he


took


me


to


the


cockpit


(


驾驶舱


)


of


the


commercial airplane he flew, and just li


ke that I was hooked.”



To follow his dream, Irving turned down a football scholarship to the University of Florida.


He washed airplanes to earn money for a flight school and increased his flying skills by practising


at home on a $$40 flight simulator (


模拟


) video game. Then another dream took hold: flying alone


around


the


world.


He


faced


more


than


50


rejections


for


sponsorship


before


convincing


some


companies to donate aircraft components. He took off with no weather radar, no de-icing system,


and just $$30 i


n his pocket. “I like


to


do things people say I can’t do


.




After 97 days, 26 stops and dozens of thunderstorms, he touched down to a cheering crowd in


Miami. “It was seeing so many young people


watching and listening that pushed me into giving


back


with


my


knowledge


and


experience.



Irving


has


been


doing


it


ever


since.


He


set


up


his


non- profit-making


organization,


Experience


Aviation


(


航空


),


aiming


to


increase


the


numbers


of


youth


in


aviation


and


science-related


careers.


Kids


attend


programmes


dealing


with


hands-on


robotics projects and flight simulator challenges.


“We


want


to


create


chances


for


students


to


accomplish


something


amazing,



he


notes.


Perhaps


Irving



s


most


powerful


educational


tool


is


the


example


his


own


life


provides.


After


4



B. a lack of volunteers


D. f


armers’


disagreement


landing his record-breaking


flight at age 23, he said, “Everyone


told me I was too young, that I


didn’t have enough experience


, strength, or knowledge. They told me it would take forever and I


’d



never come home. Well ... guess what?”




34. According to Irving, what is the most important in achieving success?



A. Meeting people who provide unexpected help.


B. Getting a chance to study technical knowledge.


C. Having something specific that you want to accomplish.


D. Developing communication with different organizations.


35. What Irving replied to the pilot in the bookstore suggested that ______.



A. he felt embarrassed to refuse the offer


B. he was doubtful about his own abilities


C. he knew his efforts would be rewarded


D. he realized immediately how lucky he was


36. What can we learn about Irving in Paragraph 3?



A. He chose to reduce his budget as low as possible.


B. He was finally given enough money to keep going.



C. He got the most useful flying tips from his video game.


D. He took on a further challenge after he knew how to fly.


37. Irving set up his non-profit-making organization because ______.


A. he hoped to become a public figure


B. he expected to start a business in other fields


C. he saw there was great interest in what he was doing


D. he thought he could teach more than flight schools could


C


Training the Brain


People


who


can


accomplish


unbelievable


tasks,


such


as


memorizing


thousands


of


random


numbers


in


under


an


hour,


state


that


they


just


have


normal


brains.


Some


memory


superstars


compete in Olympic-like World Memory Championships. These mental athletes, or MAs for short,


can memorize names of dozens of strangers in a few minutes or any poem handed them. Ed Cooke,


a


24-year-old


MA,


explains


they


see


themselves


as


participants


rescuing


the


long-lost


art


of


memory


training.


These


techniques


existed


not


to


recall


useless


information,


but


to


cut


into


the


brain basic text and ideas.


A study in the journal


Nature


examined eight people who finished near the top of the World


Memory


Championships.


The


scientists


examined


whether


their


brains


were


fundamentally


different


from


everyone


else’s


or


whether


the


y


were


simply


making


better


use


of


memorizing


abilities we all possess. They put the MAs and control subjects into brain scanners and had them


5



memorize numbers and photographs. The result surprised everyone. The brains of the MAs and


those of the control subjects were indistinguishable. On every test, the MAs scored in the normal


range. However, when the scientists examined what part of the brain was used during a memory


activity, they found the MAs relied more heavily on areas in the brain involved in spatial memory.


MAs offer an explanation: anything can be fixed upon our memories and kept in


order by


constructing a building in the imagination and filling it with pictures of what needs to be recalled.


Dating


back


to


the


fifth


century,


the


building


is


called


a


memory


palace.


Even


as


late


as


the


fourteenth century,


when there were copies of any text, scholars needed to remember what was


read to them. Reading to remember requires a different technique than speed reading. If something


is made memorable, it has to be repeated. Until relatively recently, people read only a few books


intensively (


细致地


) again and again, usually aloud. Today we read extensively, usually only once


and without continuous focus.


So the great difference is the ability to create impressive pictures in mind and to do it quickly.


Using memory palaces, MAs create memorized pictures. For example, recombine the pictures to


form unforgettable scenes such as the ways through a town. One competitor used his own body


parts to help him memorize a 57,000-word dictionary.


Anyone


who


wishes


to


train


the


mind


needs


first


to


create


fantastical


palaces


in


the


imagination. Then they should cut each building into cubbyholes for memories. In a short amount


of


time,


they


will


notice


improvement


with


remembering


things.


To


keep


the


skill


sharp,


MAs


deliberately empty their palaces after competitions, so they can reuse them and they recommend


that beginners do the same.



38. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that a mental athlete ______.





A. owns a brain that is larger in size




B. shows a gift in mental ability tests




C. uses the memorizing technique better




D. depends less on the areas that control spatial memory


39. Why does the author mention



speed reading



in Paragraph 3?




A. To discuss the memorizing technique in the fifth century.




B. To give the reason why people read only a few books carefully.




C. To explain the text fourteenth century scholars had to remember.




D. To compare the type of reading nowadays with that of earlier times.


40. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?





A. There is a variety of unforgettable scenes.




B. Memory palaces can be quickly forgotten.




C. Impressive pictures are in actual buildings.




D. One person probably has 57,000 body parts.


6



41. What does the underlined word



cubbyholes< /p>



in the last paragraph probably mean?





A. Small spaces.





C. Technical skills.


B. Blacks holes.


D. Different numbers.


D


Early or Later Day Care


Many young parents are confused about whether their children should have early day care,


and there have always been different views on this subject.


The


British


psychoanalyst


John


Bowlby


believes


that


separation


from


parents


during


the


sensitive


“attachment”


period


from


birth


to


three


may


scar


a


child’s


personality


and


lead


to


psychological problems in later life. Some people have drawn the conclusion


from Bowlby’s work



that children should not be subjected to day care before three because of the parental separation it


causes, and many people do believe this.


According to Bowlby, a great deal of psychological harm can occur when young children are


separated


from


their


parents.


If


they


are


left


without


touch


for


a


while,


they


will


have


a


higher


stress level.


Parents’ i


nfluence


on their children’s well


-being may never be greater than during the


earliest years of life, when


a child’s brain is developing


rapidly and when nearly all of her or his


experiences are shaped by parents and the family environment.


However,


there


are


critics.


Some


anthropologists


(


人类学家


)


point


out


that


the


love


affair


between


children


and


parents


found


in


modern


societies


does


not


usually


exist


in


traditional


societies. There has been a long history of the fact that father and mother did not bring up their


children alone. Plato, around 394 B.C., argued that a system of early child care would free women


to participate in society. Results from Israeli and Dutch studies show that child-raising duties are


more evenly distributed among a broader group of people.


Besides, studies have reported that early day care has a neutral or slightly positive effect on


children’s development.


They learn the benefits of being socially smart, understanding the concept


of


sharing


and


caring.


They


promote


concentration


skills,


which


is


very


important


in


their


learning. There


are


games


where


children


are


taught


basic


language


and


mathematical


skills


through stories and everyday examples.


Common


sense


tells


us


that


early


day


care


would


not


be


so


widespread


if


children


had


problems


with


it.


But


Bowlby’s


analysis


raises


the


possibility



that


it


has


delayed


effects.


The


possibility


that


such


care


might


lead


to


more


mental


illness


15


or


20


years


later


can


only


be


explored


by


the


use


of


statistics.


Whatever


the


long-term


effects,


parents


sometimes


find


the


immediate


effects


difficult


to


deal


with.


Children


under


three


dislike


leaving


their


parents


and


show unhappiness. At the age of three almost all children find it easy to go to the nursery. The


matter, then, is far from being clearly known, though experience and available evidence indicate


that early day care is reasonable for young children.



7


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