-
北京市朝阳区高三年级第一次综合练习
英语学科测试
2019.3
（考试时间
100
分钟
满分
120
分
)
本试卷共
10
页。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，
45
分
）
第一节
语法填空（共
10
小题；每小题
1.5
分
,
共
15
分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写
1
个适当的单词，
在给出提示词的
空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
John
Carter
was
rescued
from
the
sea
near
his
holiday
home
yesterday.
The
accident
happened while he
__1__ (walk) along a steep cliff at the edge of
the sea. He was blown off by a
strong
wind and __2__ (fall) into the sea, 30 meters
below. Luckily, a woman saw him in the sea
soon afterwards and she called the
police rescue service. Mr. Carter was taken to
hospital with a
__3__ (break) arm.
“
I
’
m
very lucky to be alive,
”
he
said.
“
I
can
’
t thank the woman
enough.
”
B
Many elephants can paint. In fact,
elephants in zoos sometimes draw on the ground
__4__ a
stick.
Seeing
this,
some
trainers
teach
the
elephants
__5__
they
can
hold
paintbrushes,
and
encourage
them
to
choose
colors
and
paint.
Of
course,
not
every
painting
is
good.
Just
like
humans,
only
some
elephants
are
very
creative.
Now,
an
online
gallery
sells
paintings
by
these
elephant artists. By
doing this, the gallery hopes to earn money __6__
(protect) elephants.
C
Golden Gate Park is in San Francisco,
California. It is one of the largest urban __7__
(park)
in the United States. Over one
million colorful flowers, trees and other plants
grow in the park.
But originally most
of the park __8__ (cover) in sand. After a lot of
work, it was finally built in
1870.
Today, there are many people __9__ (visit) the
park every day. They play basketball, soccer,
golf and many other sports there. The
park is closed in many places to traffic so people
can walk,
cycle, or skate __10__
(free).
第二节
完形填空（共
20
小题；每小题
1.5
分，共
30
分）
阅读下面短文，
掌握其大意，
从每题所给的
A
、
B
、
C
、
D
四个选项中，
选出最佳选项，
并在答题卡上将该项
涂黑。
A Game of Light and
Shade
It was a sunny day. I had gone up
and down the tower when, outside the door at the
foot, a
blind man came toward me. In a
moment, he disappeared up the stairs. I looked at
the sign that
said
“
To the
Tower
”
, and decided to
__11__ him.
1
I
caught up with him in the ticket office. There I
was __12__ to see the attendant
(
工作人员
)
selling
him a ticket as if he were any other visitor.
Then, with the ticket in one hand and __13__
the wall with the fingers of the other,
the blind man reached the stairs __14__ to the
hallway.
“That man is blind
.
What would a blind man climb up the tower
for?
” I said to the attendant,
expecting him to show some
__15__
, but he didn’t
answer.
“Not the
__16__
certainly,” I said.
“Perhaps he wants to
__17__
.”
I bought a ticket and __18__ up the
stairs.
The man hadn’t gone as far as I
__19__. A third of
the way
up the tower, I heard his __20__. I slowed down
and followed him at a little __21__. He
stopped from time to time. When he got
to the balcony (
阳台
), I was a
dozen steps __22__. As I
reached it, I
saw him at the corner of the tower.
At
last, after ten minutes, I __23__
him.
“Excuse me,” I said as politely as I could,
“b
ut I am
curious to know
__24__
you came up.”
He smiled. “
Coming up the
stairs, you will notice how not just light but sun
__25__ into the
tower through the
narrow windows here and there, so that you can
feel the __26__
—
the cool
stairs
suddenly become quite
warm
—
and how up here behind
the wall there is __27__, but as soon as
going opposite a window you can find
the sun. There is no __28__ so good as this for
feeling the
difference between light
and shade
. It is not the first time
I’ve come up.”
The blind man seemed quite __29__, just
like a child who was enjoying his favorite games.
He told me the truth that blind men can
also find the beauty in life __30__ they cannot
enjoy the
sights of the world.
11. A. accept
12. A. frightened
13. A.
touching
14. A. pointing
15. A. respect
16. A. view
17. A. kick
18.
A. struggled
19. A. promised
20. A. steps
21.
A. standard
22. A. ahead
23. A. recognized
24. A. why
25. A. knocks
26. A. trend
B. follow
B. disappointed
B. climbing
B. attaching
B. doubt
B. test
B. jump
B. explored
B. examined
B. words
B. distance
B. around
B. surrounded
B. how
B. pours
B. reaction
C. control
C. surprised
C. hitting
C. contributing
C. concern
C. prize
C. relax
C. wandered
C. imagined
C. secrets
C. expense
C. outside
C. approached
C. when
C. slides
C. change
2
D. visit
D. embarrassed
D. covering
D. leading
D. sympathy
D. trick
D. escape
D. hurried
D.
confirmed
D. cheers
D.
intention
D. behind
D.
witnessed
D. whether
D.
bursts
D. honor
27. A. light
28.
A. place
29. A.
nervous
30. A. unless
B. space
B. signal
B. content
B. because
C. mess
C. object
C. curious
C. once
D. shade
D. period
D. patient
D. although
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，
40
分）
第一节
（共
15
小题；每小题
2
分，共
30
分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的
A
、
B
、
C
、
< br>D
四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡
上将该项涂黑
。
A
Get Involved!
Make a Donation!
So what is rewilding?
Imagine our natural homes growing
instead of shrinking. Imagine species
(
物种
)
diversifying instead of declining.
That’s rewilding. Rewilding is ecological
restoration. Rewilding offers hope for
wildlife, humans and the planet.
Why is
rewilding important and necessary?
●
Our natural
ecology is broken.
The places where you
would expect wildlife to exist have
been reduced to wet deserts. The seabed
has been destroyed and there have been no living
creatures
any more.
●
Our
wildlife
is
disappearing.
Many
wonderful
species
have
declined
over
the
past
century. We’ve lost more of our large
animals than any European country.
●
We need
keystone species.
These vital species,
including top predators
(
食肉动物
), drive
ecological processes. Their loss has
worsened our living systems.
●
Nature
looks
after
us.
Good
natural
ecology
can
provide
us
with
clean
air
and
water,
prevent flooding and
store carbon. Rewilding can leave the world in a
better state than it is today.
What are
challenges?
As
a
long-term
project,
our
“
rewilding
b
ritain”
has
its
challenges.
Many
people
are
not
interested, because we have got used to
the lack of native forests. Many farmers oppose
the idea.
They thought it a crazy idea
to bring back predators because they would start
killing farm animals. It
takes time to
educate them. Above all, we need money! So we need
your help!
Make a donation.
Help us bring back living systems and
restore wild nature!
With your help we
can...
●
Open up
new chances for rewilding and push for change.
●
Develop tools
to educate, influence and spread the word.
Thanks for your support.
3
31. Which of the following is the
result of rewilding?
A. Species become
various.
C. Environments
are destroyed.
B. A lot of
animals disappear.
D. Natural disasters
happen regularly.
32. According to the
passage, one of the challenges at present is
______.
A.
p
eople’s
doubts
C. a shortage of time
33. What is the main purpose of the
passage?
A. To introduce a new project.
B. To call on people to give money.
C. To warn people of the natural
ecology.
D. To convince people to
change their mind.
B
Flying
High
Barrington
Irving
made
his
historic
flight
and
founded
an
educational
non-profit-
making
organization.
His
message
for
kids:
“The
only
thing
that
separates
you
from
scientists
is
determination,
hard
work
and
a
strong
liking
for
what
you
want
to
achieve.
”
The
secret,
he
believes, is having a dream in the
first place, and that starts with learning
experiences that inspire
kids to build
careers.
The moment of inspiration for
Irving came at the age of 15 in
his
parents’ booksto
re. One
customer, a professional pilot, asked
Irving if he’d thought ab
out
becoming a pilot. “I told him I
didn’t
think
I
was
smart
enough;
but
the
next
day
he
took
me
to
the
cockpit
(
驾驶舱
)
of
the
commercial
airplane he flew, and just li
ke that I
was hooked.”
To follow his
dream, Irving turned down a football scholarship
to the University of Florida.
He washed
airplanes to earn money for a flight school and
increased his flying skills by practising
at home on a $$40 flight simulator
(
模拟
) video game. Then
another dream took hold: flying alone
around
the
world.
He
faced
more
than
50
rejections
for
sponsorship
before
convincing
some
companies to donate aircraft
components. He took off with no weather radar, no
de-icing system,
and just $$30
i
n his pocket. “I like
to
do things people say I can’t
do
.
”
After 97 days, 26 stops and dozens of
thunderstorms, he touched down to a cheering crowd
in
Miami. “It was seeing so many young
people
watching and listening that
pushed me into giving
back
with
my
knowledge
and
experience.
”
Irving
has
been
doing
it
ever
since.
He
set
up
his
non-
profit-making
organization,
Experience
Aviation
(
航空
),
aiming
to
increase
the
numbers
of
youth
in
aviation
and
science-related
careers.
Kids
attend
programmes
dealing
with
hands-on
robotics projects and flight simulator
challenges.
“We
want
to
create
chances
for
students
to
accomplish
something
amazing,
”
he
notes.
Perhaps
Irving
’
s
most
powerful
educational
tool
is
the
example
his
own
life
provides.
After
4
B. a lack of volunteers
D. f
armers’
disagreement
landing his
record-breaking
flight at age 23, he
said, “Everyone
told me I was too
young, that I
didn’t have enough
experience
, strength, or knowledge.
They told me it would take forever and
I
’d
never come
home. Well ... guess what?”
34. According to Irving, what is the
most important in achieving success?
A. Meeting people who provide
unexpected help.
B. Getting a chance to
study technical knowledge.
C. Having
something specific that you want to accomplish.
D. Developing communication with
different organizations.
35. What
Irving replied to the pilot in the bookstore
suggested that ______.
A.
he felt embarrassed to refuse the offer
B. he was doubtful about his own
abilities
C. he knew his efforts would
be rewarded
D. he realized immediately
how lucky he was
36. What can we learn
about Irving in Paragraph 3?
A. He chose to reduce his budget as low
as possible.
B. He was finally given
enough money to keep going.
C. He got the most useful flying tips
from his video game.
D. He took on a
further challenge after he knew how to fly.
37. Irving set up his non-profit-making
organization because ______.
A. he
hoped to become a public figure
B. he
expected to start a business in other fields
C. he saw there was great interest in
what he was doing
D. he thought he
could teach more than flight schools could
C
Training the Brain
People
who
can
accomplish
unbelievable
tasks,
such
as
memorizing
thousands
of
random
numbers
in
under
an
hour,
state
that
they
just
have
normal
brains.
Some
memory
superstars
compete in
Olympic-like World Memory Championships. These
mental athletes, or MAs for short,
can
memorize names of dozens of strangers in a few
minutes or any poem handed them. Ed Cooke,
a
24-year-old
MA,
explains
they
see
themselves
as
participants
rescuing
the
long-lost
art
of
memory
training.
These
techniques
existed
not
to
recall
useless
information,
but
to
cut
into
the
brain
basic text and ideas.
A study in the
journal
Nature
examined
eight people who finished near the top of the
World
Memory
Championships.
The
scientists
examined
whether
their
brains
were
fundamentally
different
from
everyone
else’s
or
whether
the
y
were
simply
making
better
use
of
memorizing
abilities we all
possess. They put the MAs and control subjects
into brain scanners and had them
5
memorize numbers and
photographs. The result surprised everyone. The
brains of the MAs and
those of the
control subjects were indistinguishable. On every
test, the MAs scored in the normal
range. However, when the scientists
examined what part of the brain was used during a
memory
activity, they found the MAs
relied more heavily on areas in the brain involved
in spatial memory.
MAs offer an
explanation: anything can be fixed upon our
memories and kept in
order by
constructing a building in the
imagination and filling it with pictures of what
needs to be recalled.
Dating
back
to
the
fifth
century,
the
building
is
called
a
memory
palace.
Even
as
late
as
the
fourteenth century,
when
there were copies of any text, scholars needed to
remember what was
read to them. Reading
to remember requires a different technique than
speed reading. If something
is made
memorable, it has to be repeated. Until relatively
recently, people read only a few books
intensively (
细致地
)
again and again, usually aloud. Today we read
extensively, usually only once
and
without continuous focus.
So the great
difference is the ability to create impressive
pictures in mind and to do it quickly.
Using memory palaces, MAs create
memorized pictures. For example, recombine the
pictures to
form unforgettable scenes
such as the ways through a town. One competitor
used his own body
parts to help him
memorize a 57,000-word dictionary.
Anyone
who
wishes
to
train
the
mind
needs
first
to
create
fantastical
palaces
in
the
imagination. Then they should cut each
building into cubbyholes for memories. In a short
amount
of
time,
they
will
notice
improvement
with
remembering
things.
To
keep
the
skill
sharp,
MAs
deliberately empty their palaces after
competitions, so they can reuse them and they
recommend
that beginners do the same.
38. We can learn from
Paragraph 2 that a mental athlete ______.
A.
owns a brain that is larger in size
B. shows a gift in mental
ability tests
C. uses the memorizing technique better
D. depends less
on the areas that control spatial memory
39. Why does the author mention
“
speed
reading
”
in Paragraph 3?
A. To discuss
the memorizing technique in the fifth century.
B. To give the
reason why people read only a few books carefully.
C. To explain
the text fourteenth century scholars had to
remember.
D. To
compare the type of reading nowadays with that of
earlier times.
40. What can be inferred
from Paragraph 4?
A. There is a variety of
unforgettable scenes.
B. Memory palaces can be quickly
forgotten.
C.
Impressive pictures are in actual buildings.
D. One person
probably has 57,000 body parts.
6
41. What does the
underlined word
“
cubbyholes<
/p>
”
in the last paragraph
probably mean?
A. Small spaces.
C. Technical
skills.
B. Blacks holes.
D.
Different numbers.
D
Early
or Later Day Care
Many young parents
are confused about whether their children should
have early day care,
and there have
always been different views on this subject.
The
British
psychoanalyst
John
Bowlby
believes
that
separation
from
parents
during
the
sensitive
“attachment”
period
from
birth
to
three
may
scar
a
child’s
personality
and
lead
to
psychological problems in later life.
Some people have drawn the conclusion
from Bowlby’s work
that children should not be subjected
to day care before three because of the parental
separation it
causes, and many people
do believe this.
According to Bowlby, a
great deal of psychological harm can occur when
young children are
separated
from
their
parents.
If
they
are
left
without
touch
for
a
while,
they
will
have
a
higher
stress level.
Parents’
i
nfluence
on their
children’s well
-being may never be
greater than during the
earliest years
of life, when
a child’s brain is
developing
rapidly and when nearly all
of her or his
experiences are shaped by
parents and the family environment.
However,
there
are
critics.
Some
anthropologists
(
人类学家
)
point
out
that
the
love
affair
between
children
and
parents
found
in
modern
societies
does
not
usually
exist
in
traditional
societies. There has been a long
history of the fact that father and mother did not
bring up their
children alone. Plato,
around 394 B.C., argued that a system of early
child care would free women
to
participate in society. Results from Israeli and
Dutch studies show that child-raising duties are
more evenly distributed among a broader
group of people.
Besides, studies have
reported that early day care has a neutral or
slightly positive effect on
children’s
development.
They learn the benefits of
being socially smart, understanding the concept
of
sharing
and
caring.
They
promote
concentration
skills,
which
is
very
important
in
their
learning. There
are
games
where
children
are
taught
basic
language
and
mathematical
skills
through stories and everyday examples.
Common
sense
tells
us
that
early
day
care
would
not
be
so
widespread
if
children
had
problems
with
it.
But
Bowlby’s
analysis
raises
the
possibility
that
it
has
delayed
effects.
The
possibility
that
such
care
might
lead
to
more
mental
illness
15
or
20
years
later
can
only
be
explored
by
the
use
of
statistics.
Whatever
the
long-term
effects,
parents
sometimes
find
the
immediate
effects
difficult
to
deal
with.
Children
under
three
dislike
leaving
their
parents
and
show
unhappiness. At the age of three almost all
children find it easy to go to the nursery. The
matter, then, is far from being clearly
known, though experience and available evidence
indicate
that early day care is
reasonable for young children.
7