-
计算机术语大全
1
、
CPU
3DNow!
(
3D no wait
ing
,无须等待的
3D
处理)
AAM
(
AMD
Analyst Meeting
,
AMD
分析家会议)
ABP
(
Advanced
Branch Prediction
,高级分支预测)
ACG
(
Aggressive
Clock Gating
,主动时钟选择)
AIS
(
Alternate
Instruction Set
,交替指令集)
ALAT
(
advanced
load table
,高级载入表)
ALU
(
Arithmetic
Logic Unit
,算术逻辑单元)
Aluminum
(铝)
AGU
(
Address
Generation Units
,地址产成单元)
APC
(
Advanced
Power Control
,高级能源控制)
APIC
(
Advanced
rogrammable Interrupt
Controller
,高级可编程中断控制器)
APS
(
Alternate
Phase Shifting
,交替相位跳转)
ASB
(
Advanced
System Buffering
,高级系统缓冲)
ATC
(
Advanced
Transfer Cache
,高级转移缓存)
ATD
(
Assembly
Technology
Development
,装配技术发展)
BBUL
(
Bumpless
Build-Up Layer
,内建非凹凸层)
BGA
(
Ball Grid
Array
,球状网阵排列)
BHT
(
branch
prediction table
,分支预测表)
Bops
(
Billion
Operations Per Second
,
10
亿操作秒)
BPU
(
Branch
Processing Unit
,分支处理单元)
BP
(
Brach
Pediction
,分支预测)
BSP
(
Boot Strap
Processor
,启动捆绑处理器)
BTAC
(
Branch
Target Address
Calculator
,分支目标寻址计算器)
CBGA (Ceramic Ball Grid
Array
,陶瓷球状网阵排列
)
CDIP (Ceramic Dual-In-
Line
,陶瓷双重直线
)
Center Processing Unit
Utilization
,中央处理器占用率
CFM
(
cubic feet
per minute
,立方英尺秒)
CMT
(
course-
grained
multithreading
,过程消除多线程)
CMOS
(
Complementary
Metal Oxide
Semiconductor
,互补金属氧化物半导体)
CMOV
(
conditional
move instruction
,条件移动指令)
CISC
(
Complex
Instruction Set
Computing
,复杂指令集计算机)
CLK
(
Clock
Cycle
,时钟周期)
CMP
(
on-chip
multiprocessor
,片内多重处理)
CMS
(
Code Morphing
Software
,代码变形软件)
co-
CPU
(
cooperative
CPU
,协处理器)
COB
(
Cache on boar
d
,
板上集成缓存,
做在
CPU
卡上的二级缓存,
通常是内核的一半速度)<
/p>
)
COD
(
Cache on
Die
,芯片内核集成缓存)
Copper
(铜)
CPGA
(
Ceramic Pin
Grid Array
,陶瓷针型栅格阵列)
CPI
(
cycles per
instruction
,周期指令)
CPLD
(
Complex
Programmable Logic
Device
,複雜可程式化邏輯元件)
CPU
(
Center
Processing Unit
,中央处理器)
CRT
(
Cooperative
Redundant Threads
,协同多余线程)
CSP
(
Chip Scale
Package
,芯片比例封装)
CXT
(
Chooper eXTen
d
,增强形
K6-2
内核,即
K6-3
)
Data
Forwarding
(数据前送)
dB
(
decibel
,分贝)
DCLK
(
Dot
Clock
,点时钟)
DCT
(
DRAM Controll
er
,
DRAM
控制器)
DDT
(
Dynamic
Deferred Transaction
,动态延期处理)
Decode
(指令解码)
DIB
(
Dual
Independent Bus
,双重独立总线)
DMT
(
Dynamic
Multithreading
Architecture
,动态多线程结构)
DP
(
Dual
Processor
,双处理器)
DSM
(
Dedicated
Stack Manager
,专门堆栈管理)
DSMT
(
Dynamic
Simultaneous
Multithreading
,动态同步多线程)
DST
(
Depleted
Substrate
Transistor
,衰竭型底层晶体管)
DTV
(
Dual
Threshold Voltage
,双重极限电压)
DUV
(
Deep Ultra-
Violet
,纵深紫外光)
EBGA
(
Enhanced
Ball Grid Array
,增强形球状网阵排列)
EBL
(
electron beam
lithography
,电子束平版印刷)
EC
(
Embedded
Controller
,嵌入式控制器)
EDB
(
Execute
Disable Bit
,执行禁止位)
EDEC
(
Early
Decode
,早期解码)
Embedded
Chips
(嵌入式)
EM64T
(
Extended
Memory 64 Technology
,扩展内存
64<
/p>
技术)
EPA
(
edge pin
array
,边缘针脚阵列)
EPF
(
Embedded
Processor Forum
,嵌入式处理器论坛)
EPL
(
electron
projection
lithography
,电子发射平版印刷)
EPM
(
Enhanced
Power Management
,增强形能源管理)
EPIC
(
explicitly
parallel instruction
code
,并行指令代码)
EUV
(
Extreme Ultra
Violet
,紫外光)
EUV
(
extreme
ultraviolet
lithography
,极端紫外平版印刷)
FADD
(
Floationg
Point Addition
,浮点加)
FBGA
(
Fine-Pitch
Ball Grid Array
,精细倾斜球状网阵包装)
FBGA
(
flipchip BGA
,轻型芯片
BGA
)
< br>
FC-BGA
(
Flip-
Chip Ball Grid
Array
,翻转芯片球形网阵包装)
FC-LGA
(
Flip-Chip
Land Grid Array
,翻转接点网阵包装)
FC-PGA
(
Flip-Chip
Pin Grid Array
,翻转芯片球状网阵包装)
FDIV
(
Floationg
Point Divide
,浮点除)
FEMMS
:
Fast
EntryExit Multimedia
State
,快速进入退出多媒体状态
FFT
(
fast Fourier
transform
,快速热欧姆转换)
FGM
(
Fine-Grained
Multithreading
,高级多线程)
FID
(
FID
:
Frequency
identify
,频率鉴别号码)
FIFO
(
First Input
First Output
,先入先出队列)
FISC
(
Fast
Instruction Set
Computer
,快速指令集计算机)
flip-chip
(芯片反转)
FLOPs
(
Floating
Point Operations Per
Second
,浮点操作秒)
FMT
(
fine-grained
multithreading
,纯消除多线程)
FMUL
(
Floationg
Point Multiplication
,浮点乘)
FPRs
(
floating-
point registers
,浮点寄存器)
FPU
(
Float Point
Unit
,浮点运算单元)
FSUB
(
Floationg
Point Subtraction
,浮点减)
GFD
(
Gold finger
Device
,金手指超频设备)
GHC
(
Global
History Counter
,通用历史计数器)
GTL
(
Gunning
Transceiver Logic
,射电收发逻辑电路)
GVPP
(
Generic
Visual Perception
Processor
,常规视觉处理器)
HL-PBGA
表面黏著
,
高耐热、轻薄型塑胶球状网阵封装
HTT
(
Hyper-
Threading Technology
,超级线程技术)
Hz
(
hertz
,赫兹,频率单位)
IA
(
Intel
Architecture
,英特尔架构)
IAA
(
Intel
Application
Accelerator
,英特尔应用程序加速器)
IATM
(
Intel
Advanced Thermal
Manager
,英特尔高级热量管理指令集)
ICU
(
Instruction
Control Unit
,指令控制单元)
ID
(
identify
,鉴
别号码)
IDF
(
Intel
Developer Forum
,英特尔开发者论坛)
IDMB
(
Intel
Digital Media
Boost
,英特尔数字媒体推进指令集)
IDPC
(
Intel
Dynamic Power
Coordination
,英特尔动态能源调和指令集)
IEU
(
Integer
Execution Units
,整数执行单元)
IHS
(
Integrated
Heat Spreader
,完整热量扩展)
ILP
(
Instruction
Level Parallelism
,指令级平行运算)
IMM Intel Mobile Module,
英特尔移动模块
Instructions
Cache
,指令缓存
Instruction
Coloring
(指令分类)
IOPs
(
Integer
Operations Per Second
,整数操作秒)
IPC
(
Instructions
Per Clock Cycle
,指令时钟周期)
ISA
(
instruction
set architecture
,指令集架构)
ISD
(
inbuilt
speed-throttling
device
,内藏速度控制设备)
ITC
(
Instruction
Trace Cache
,指令追踪缓存)
< br>ITRS
(
International
Technology Roadmap for
Semiconductors
,国际半导体技术发展蓝图)
KNI
(
Katmai New In
structions
,
Katmai
新指令集,即
SSE
)
Latency
(潜伏期)
LDT
(
Lightning
Data Transport
,闪电数据传输总线)
LFU
(
Legacy
Function Unit
,传统功能单元)
LGA
(
land grid
array
,接点栅格阵列)
LN2
(
Liquid
Nitrogen
,液氮)
Local
Interconnect
(局域互连)
MAC
(
multiply-
accumulate
,累积乘法)
mBGA (Micro Ball Grid
Array
,微型球状网阵排列
)
nm
(
namometer
,十亿分之一米毫微米)
MCA
(
Machine Check
Architecture
,机器检查架构)
MCU
(
Micro-
Controller Unit
,微控制器单元)
MCT
(
Memory
Controller
,内存控制器)
MESI
(
Modified,
Exclusive, Shared,
Invalid
:修改、排除、共享、废弃)
MF
(
MicroOps
Fusion
,微指令合并)
mm
(
micron
metric
,微米)
MMX
(
MultiMedia
Extensions
,多媒体扩展指令集)
MMU
(
Multimedia
Unit
,多媒体单元)
MMU
(
Memory
Management Unit
,内存管理单元)
MN
(
model
numbers
,型号数字)
MFLOPS
(
Million
Floationg
PointSecond
,每秒百万个浮点操作)
MHz
(
megahertz
,兆赫)
mil
(
PCB
或晶片佈局的長度單位,
1 mil =
千分之一英寸)
MIMD
(
Multi
Instruction Multiple
Data
,多指令多数据流)
MIPS
(
Million
Instruction Per
Second
,百万条指令秒)
MOESI
(
Modified,
Owned, Exclusive, Shared or
Invalid
,修改、自有、排除、共享或无效)
MOF
(
Micro Ops
Fusion
,微操作熔合)
Mops
(
Million
Operations Per
Second
,百万次操作秒)
MP
(
Multi-
Processing
,多重处理器架构)
MPF
(
Micro
processor Forum
,微处理器论坛)
MPU
(
Microprocessor
Unit
,微处理器)
MPS
(
MultiProcessor
Specification
,多重处理器规范)
MSRs
(
Model-
Specific Registers
,特别模块寄存器)
MSV
(
Multiprocesso
r Specification
Version
,多处理器规范版本)
MVP
(
Mobile
Voltage
Positioning
,移动电压定位)
IV
NAOC
(
no-account
OverClock
,无效超频)
N
I
(
Non
-
Intel
,非英特尔)
NOP
(
no
operation
,非操作指令)
NRE
(
Non-Recurring
Engineering charge
,非重複性工程費用)
OBGA
(
Organic Ball
Grid Arral
,有机球状网阵排列)
OCPL
(
Off Center
Parting Line
,远离中心部分线队列)
OLGA
(
Organic Land
Grid Array
,有机平面网阵包装)
OoO
(
Out of
Order
,乱序执行)
OPC
(
Optical
Proximity Correction
,光学临近修正)
OPGA
(
Organic Pin
Grid Array
,有机塑料针型栅格阵列)
OPN
(
Ordering Part
Number
,分类零件号码)
PAT
(
Performance
Acceleration
Technology
,性能加速技术)
PBGA
(
Plastic Pin
Ball Grid Array
,塑胶球状网阵排列)
PDIP (Plastic Dual-In-
Line
,塑料双重直线
)
PDP
(
Parallel Data
Processing
,并行数据处理)
PGA
(
Pin-Grid Arra
y
,引脚网格阵列)
,
耗电大
PLCC (Plastic Leaded Chip
Carriers
,塑料行间芯片运载
)
Post-RISC
(加速
RISC
,或后
RISC
)
PPE
(
Power
Processor Element
,
Power
处理器元件)
PPU
(
Physics
Processing Unit
,物理处理单元)
PR
(
Performance
Rate
,性能比率)
PIB
(
Processor In
a Box
,盒装处理器)
PM
(
Pseudo-
Multithreading
,假多线程)
PPGA
(
Plastic Pin
Grid Array
,塑胶针状网阵封装)
PQFP
(
Plastic Quad
Flat Package
,塑料方块平面封装)
PSN
(
Processor
Serial numbers
,处理器序列号)
QFP
(
Quad Flat
Package
,方块平面封装)
QSPS
(
Quick Start
Power State
,快速启动能源状态)
RAS
(
Return
Address Stack
,返回地址堆栈)
RAW
(
Read after
Write
,写后读)
REE
(
Rapid
Execution Engine
,快速执行引擎)
Register
Contention
(抢占寄存器)
Register
Pressure
(寄存器不足)
Register
Renaming
(寄存器重命名)
Remark
(芯片频率重标识)
Resource
contention
(资源冲突)
Retirement
(指令引退)
RISC
(
Reduced
Instruction Set
Computing
,精简指令集计算机)
ROB
(
Re-Order
Buffer
,重排序缓冲区)
RSE
(
register
stack engine
,寄存器堆栈引擎)
RTL
(
Register
Transfer
Level
,暫存器轉換層。硬體描述語言的一種描述層次)
SC242
(
242-contact
slot connector
,
242
脚金手指插槽连接器)
SE
(
Special
Embedded
,特别嵌入式)
SEC
(
Single Edge
Connector
,单边连接器)
SECC
(
Single Edge
Contact Cartridge
,单边接触卡盒)
SEPP
(
Single Edge
Processor Package
,单边处理器封装)
Shallow-trench
isolation
(浅槽隔离)
SIMD
(
Single
Instruction Multiple
Data
,单指令多数据流)
SiO2F
(
Fluorided
Silicon Oxide
,二氧氟化硅)
SMI
(
System
Management Interrupt
,系统管理中断)
SMM
(
System
Management Mode
,系统管理模式)
SMP
(
Symmetric
Multi-Processing
,对称式多重处理架构)
SMT
(
Simultaneous
multithreading
,同步多线程)
SOI
(
Silicon-on-
insulator
,绝缘体硅片)
SOIC (Plastic Small
Outline
,塑料小型
)
SONC
(
System on a
chip
,系统集成芯片)
SPGA
(
Staggered
Pin Grid Array
、交错式针状网阵封装)
SPEC
(
System
Performance Evaluation
Corporation
,系统性能评估测试)
SQRT
(
Square Root
Calculations
,平方根计算)
SRQ
(
System
Request Queue
,系统请求队列)
SSE
(
Streaming
SIMD Extensions
,单一指令多数据流扩展)
SFF
(
Small Form
Factor
,更小外形格局)
SS
(
Special
Sizing
,特殊缩放)
SSP
(
Slipstream
processing
,滑流处理)
SST
(
Special
Sizing Techniques
,特殊筛分技术)
SSOP (Shrink Plastic Small
Outline
,缩短塑料小型
)
STC
(
Space Time
Computing
,空余时间计算)
Superscalar
(超标量体系结构)
TAP
(
Test Access
Port
,测试存取端口)
TBGA
(
Tie Ball
Grid Array
,带状球形光栅阵列)
TCP Tape Carrier Package
(薄膜封
装)
,
发热小
TDP
(
Thermal
Design Power
,热量设计功率)
Throughput
(吞吐量)
TLB
(
Translate
Look side Buffers
,转换旁视缓冲器)
TLP
(
Thread-Level
Parallelism
,线程级并行)
TMP
(
Threaded
Multi-Path
,线程多通道)
TPI
(
True
Performance
Initiativeindex
,真实性能为先指标)
TQFP (Thin Plastic Quad Flat
Pack
,薄型方面平面封装
)
Trc
(
Row Cycle
Time
,列循环时间)
TrD
(
Transistor
Density
,晶体管密度)
TSOP
(
Thin Small
Outline Plastic
,薄型小型塑料)
USWC
(
Uncacheabled
Speculative Write
Combination
,无缓冲随机联合写操作)
VALU
(
Vector
Arithmetic Logic
Unit
,向量算术逻辑单元)
VFSD
(
Vertex
Frequency Stream
Divider
,顶点频率流分隔)
VID
(
VID
:
Voltage identify
,电压鉴别号码)
VLIW
(
Very Long
Instruction Word
,超长指令字)
VPU
(
Vector
Permutate Unit
,向量排列单元)
VPU
(
vector
processing units
,向量处理单元,即处理
M
MX
、
SSE
等
SIMD
指令的地方)
VSA
(
Virtual
System Architecture
,虚拟系统架构)
VTF
(
VIA Technical
Forum
,威盛技术论坛)
XBa
r
(
Crossbar
,交叉口闩仲载
逻辑单元)
XP
(
< br>Experience
,体验)
XP
(
Extra
performance
,额外性能)
XP
(
eXtreme
Performance
,极速性能)
散热器
Axial
< br>(
fan
,轴向型风扇)
Centrifugal -
blower
(辐射型风扇,离心鼓风机)
TFT
(
Tiny Fin
Technology
,微型鳍片技术)
?
2
、主板
3GIO
(
Third
Generation
InputOutput
,第三代输入输出技术)
ACR
(
Advanced
Communications
Riser
,高级通讯升级卡)
ADIMM
(
advanced
Dual In-line Memory
Modules
,高级双重内嵌式内存模块)
AGTL+
(
Assisted
Gunning Transceiver
Logic
,援助发射接收逻辑电路)
AHCI
(
Advanced
Host Controller
Interface
,高级主机控制器接口)
AIMM
(
AGP Inline
Memory Module
,
AGP
板上内存升级模块)
AMR
(
Audio
/
Modem
Riser
;音效/调制解调器主机板附加直立插卡)
AHA
(
Accelerated
Hub Architecture
,加速中心架构)
AOI
(
Automatic
Optical Inspection
,自动光学检验)
APU
(
Audio
Processing Unit
,音频处理单元)
ARF
(
Asynchronous
Receive FIFO
,异步接收先入先出)
ASF
(
Alert
Standards Forum
,警告标准讨论)
ASK IR
(
Amplitude
Shift Keyed Infra-
Red
,长波形可移动输入红外线)
AT
(
Advanced
Technology
,先进技术)
ATX
(
AT Extend
,扩展型
AT
)
BIOS
(
Basic
InputOutput System
,基本输入输出系统)
CNR
(
Communication
and Networking
Riser
,通讯和网络升级卡)
CSA
(
Communication
Streaming
Architecture
,通讯流架构)
CSE
(
Configuration
Space Enable
,可分配空间)
COAST
(
Cache-on-a-
stick
,条状缓存)
DASP
(
Dynamic
Adaptive Speculative Pre-
Processor
,动态适应预测预处理器)
DB Device
Bay
,设备插架
DMI
(
Desktop
Management Interface
,桌面管理接口)
DOT
(
Dynamic
Overclocking
Technonlogy
,动态超频技术)
DPP
(
direct print
Protocol
,直接打印协议
DRCG
(
Direct
Rambus clock generator
,直接
RAM
BUS
时钟发生器)
DVMT
(
Dynamic
Video Memory
Technology
,动态视频内存技术)
E
(
Economy
,经济,
或
Entry-level
,入门级)
EB
(
Expansion
Bus
,扩展总线)
EFI
(
Extensible
Firmware Interface
,扩展固件接口)
EHCI
(
Enhanced
Host Controller
Interface
,加强型主机端控制接口)
EISA
(
Enhanced
Industry Standard
Architecture
,增强形工业标准架构)
EMI
(
Electromagnetic
Interference
,电磁干扰)
ESCD
(
Extended
System Configuration
Data
,可扩展系统配置数据)
ESR
(
Equivalent
Series Resistance
,等价系列电阻)
FBC
(
Frame Buffer
Cache
,帧缓冲缓存)
Fire
Wire
(火线,即
IEEE1394
标准)
FlexATX
(
Flexibility ATX
,可扩展性
AT
X
)
FSB
(
Front Side
Bus
,前端总线)
FWH
(
Firmware
Hub
,固件中心)
GB
(
Garibaldi
架构,
Garibaldi
基于
ATX
架
构,但是也能够使用
WTX
构架的机箱)
GMCH
(
Graphics &
Memory Controller
Hub
,图形和内存控制中心)
GPA
(
Graphics
Performance
Accelerator
,图形性能加速卡)
GPIs
(
General
Purpose Inputs
,普通操作输入)
GTL+
(
Gunning
Transceiver Logic
,发射接收逻辑电路)
HDIT
(
High
Bandwidth Differential Interconnect
Technology
,高带宽微分互连技术)
HSLB
(
High Speed
Link Bus
,高速链路总线)
HT
(
HyperTransport
,超级传输)
I2C
(
Inter-
IC
)
I2C
(
Inter-
Integrated Circuit
,内置集成电路)
IA
(
Instantly
Available
,即时可用)
IBASES
(
Intel
Baseline AGP System Evaluation Suite
,英特
尔基线
AGP
系统评估套件)
IC
(
integrate
circuit
,集成电路)
ICH
(
InputOutput
Controller Hub
,输入输出控制中心)
ICH-S
(
ICH-Hance R
apids
,
ICH
高速型)
ICP
(
Integrated
Communications
Processor
,整合型通讯处理器)
IHA
(
Intel Hub Arc
hitecture
,英特尔
Hub
架
构)
IMB
(
Inter Module
Bus
,隐藏模块总线)
INTIN
(
Interrupt
Inputs
,中断输入)
IPMAT
(
Intel Power
Management Analysis
Tool
,英特尔能源管理分析工具)
IR
(
infrared
ray
,红外线)
IrDA
(
infrared
ray
,红外线通信接口,可进行局域网存取和文件共享)
ISA
(
Industry
Standard
Architecture
,工业标准架构)
ISA
(
instruction
set architecture
,工业设置架构)
K8HTB
(
K8
HyperTransport Bridge
,
K8
闪电传输桥)
LSI
(
Large Scale
Integration
,大规模集成电路)
LPC
(
Low Pin
Count
,少针脚型接口)
MAC
(
Media Access
Controller
,媒体存储控制器)
MBA
(
manage boot
agent
,管理启动代理)
MC
(
Memory
Controller
,内存控制器)
MCA
(
Micro Channel
Architecture
,微通道架构)
MCC
(
Multilayer
Ceramic Capacitor
,积层陶瓷电容)
MCH
(
Memory
Controller Hub
,内存控制中心)
MDC
(
Mobile
Daughter Card
,移动式子卡)
MII
(
Media
Independent
Interface
,媒体独立接口)
MIO
(
Media
IO
,媒体输入输出单元)
MOSFET
(
metallic
oxide semiconductor field effecttransistor
< br>,
金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管)
MRH-R
(
Memory
Repeater Hub
,内存数据处理中心)
MRH-S
(
SDRAM
Repeater Hub
,
SDRAM
数据处理中心)
MRIMM
(
Media-RIMM<
/p>
,媒体
RIMM
扩展槽)
MSI
(
Message
Signaled Interrupt
,信息信号中断)
MSPCE(Multiple Streams with Pipelining
and Concurrent Execution
,多重数据流的流水线式传
输与并发执行)
MT=MegaTrans
fers
(兆传输率)
MTH
(
Memory
Transfer Hub
,内存转换中心)
MuTIOL
(
Multi-
Threaded IO link
,多线程
IO
链路)
NCQ
(
Native
Command Qu
,本地命令序列)
NGIO
(
Next
Generation
InputOutput
,新一代输入输出标准)
NPPA
(
nForce
Platform Processor Architecture
,
nForce
平台处理架构)
OHCI
(
Open Host
Controller
Interface
,开放式主控制器接口)
ORB
(
operation
request block
,操作请求块)
ORS
(
Over Reflow S
oldering
,再流回焊接,
SMT
元件的焊接方式)
P64H
(
64-bit PCI
Controller Hub
,
64
位
PCI
控制中心)
PCB
(
printed
circuit board
,印刷电路板)
PCBA
(
Printed
Circuit Board
Assembly
,印刷电路板装配)
PCI
(
Peripheral
Component
Interconnect
,互连外围设备)
PCI
SIG
(
Peripheral Component
Interconnect Special Interest
Group
,互连外围设备专业组)
PDD
(
Performance
Driven Design
,性能驱动设计)
PHY
(
Port Physical
Layer
,端口物理层)
POST
(
Power On
Self Test
,加电自测试)
PS2
(
Personal
System 2
,第二代个人系统)
PTH
(
Plated-
Through-Hole
technology
,镀通孔技术)
RE
(
Read
Enable
,可读取)
QP
(
Quad-
Pumped
,四倍泵)
RBB
(
Rapid BIOS Bo
ot
,快速
BIOS
启动)
RNG
(
Random
number Generator
,随机数字发生器)
RTC
(
Real Time
Clock
,实时时钟)
KBC
(
KeyBroad
Control
,键盘控制器)
SAP
(
Sideband
Address Port
,边带寻址端口)
SBA
(
Side Band
Addressing
,边带寻址)
SBC
(
single board
computer
,单板计算机)
SBP-2
(
serial bus
protocol 2
,第二代串行总线协协)
SCI
(
Serial
Communications
Interface
,串行通讯接口)
SCK (CMOS clock
,
C
MOS
时钟
)
SDU
(
segment data
unit
,分段数据单元)
SFF
(
Small Form
Factor
,小尺寸架构)
SFS
(
Stepless
Frequency Selection
,步进频率选项)
SMA
(
Share Memory
Architecture
,共享内存结构)
SMT
(
Surface
Mounted Technology
,表面黏贴式封装)
SPI
(
Serial
Peripheral
Interface
,串行外围设备接口)
SSLL
(
Single
Stream with Low
Latency
,低延迟的单独数据流传输)
STD
(
Suspend To
Disk
,磁盘唤醒)
STR
(
Suspend To
RAM
,内存唤醒)
SVR
(
Switching
Voltage Regulator
,交换式电压调节)
THT
(
Through Hole
Technology
,插入式封装技术)
UCHI
(
Universal
Host Controller
Interface
,通用宿主控制器接口)
UPA
(
Universal
Platform
Architecture
,统一平台架构)
UPDG
(
Universal
Platform Design
Guide
,统一平台设计导刊)
USART
(
Universal
Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter
,通用同步非同步接收传送
器)
USB
(
Universal
Serial Bus
,通用串行总线)
USDM
(
Unified
System Diagnostic
Manager
,统一系统监测管理器)
VID
(
Voltage
Identification
Definition
,电压识别认证)
VLB
(
Video
Electronics Standards Association Local
Bus
,视频电子标准协会局域总线)
VLSI
(
Very Large
Scale Integration
,超大规模集成电路)
VMAP
(
VIA Modular
Architecture Platforms
,
VIA
p>
模块架构平台)
VSB
(
V
Standby
,待命电压)
VXB
(
Virtual
Extended Bus
,虚拟扩展总线)
VRM
(
Voltage
Regulator Module
,电压调整模块)
WCT
(
Wireless
Connect Technology
,无线连接技术)
WE
(
Write
Enalbe
,可写入)
WS
(
Wave Soldering
,波峰焊接,
THT
元件的焊接方式)
XT
(
Extended
Technology
,扩充技术)
ZIF
(
Zero
Insertion Force,
零插力插座)
芯片组
ACPI
(
Advanced
Configuration and Power
Interface
,先进设置和电源管理)
AGP
(
Accelerated
Graphics Port
,图形加速接口)
BMS
(
Blue Magic
Slot
,蓝色魔法槽)
IO
(
InputOutput
,输入输出)
p>
MIOC Memory and IO Bridge Con
troller
,内存和
IO
桥控制器
NBC North Bridge
Chip
(北桥芯片)
PIIX
PCI ISAIDE Accelerator
(加速器)
PSE36 Page Size Extension 36
-
bit
,
36
位页面尺寸扩展模式
PXB PCI Expander
Bridge
,
PCI
增强桥
RCG RASCAS Generator
,
RASCAS
发生器
SBC South Bridge
Chip
(南桥芯片)
SMB
(
System
Management Bus
,全系统管理总线)
SPD
(
Serial
Presence Detect
,连续存在检测装置)
SSB Super South
Bridge
,超级南桥芯片
TDP
Triton Data Path
(数据路径)
TSC Triton System
Controller
(系统控制器)
QPA Quad Port
Acceleration
(四接口加速)
主板技术
Gigabyte
ACOPS Automatic CPU
OverHeat Prevention System
(
C
PU
过热预防系统)
SIV
System Information
Viewer
(系统信息观察)
磐英
?
ESDJ
(
Easy Setting Dual Jumpe
r
,简化
CPU
双重跳线法)
浩鑫
? UPT
(<
/p>
USB
、
PANEL
、
LINK
、
TV-
OUT
四重接口)
华硕
?
C.O.P
(
CPU overheating
protection
,处理器过热保护)
?
3
、显示设备
AD
(
Analog to
Digitalg
,模拟到数字转换)
ADC
(
Apple Display
Connector
,苹果专用显示器接口)
AGC
(
Anti Glare
Coatings
,防眩光涂层)
AMR
(
ATi Multi-
Rendering technology
,
ATi
多重渲染技术)
ASIC
(
Application
Specific Integrated
Circuit
,特殊应用积体电路)
ASC
(
Auto-Sizing
and Centering
,自动调效屏幕尺寸和中心位置)
ASC
(
Anti Static
Coatings
,防静电涂层)
ASD
(
Auto
Stereoscopic Display
,自动立体显示)
AG
(
Aperture
Grills
,栅条式金属板)
ARC
(
Anti Reflect
Coating
,防反射涂层)
BLA Bearn Landing
Area
(电子束落区)
BMC
(
Black Matrix
Screen
,超黑矩阵屏幕)
CCS
(
Cross
Capacitance Sensing
,交叉电容感应)
cdm^2
(
candela
平方米,亮度的单位)
CDRS
(
Curved
Directional Reflection
Screen
,曲线方向反射屏幕)
CG-
Silicon
(
Continuous Grain
Silicon
,连续微粒硅)
CNT
(
carbon nano-
tube
,碳微管)
Cross f
ire
(交叉火力,
ATi
的双显卡技
术)
CRC
(
Cyclical
Redundancy Check
,循环冗余检查)
CRT
(
Cathode Ray
Tube
,阴极射线管)
CVS
(
Compute
Visual Syndrome
,计算机视觉综合症)
DA
(
Digital to
Analog
,数字到模拟转换)
DDC
(
Display Data
Channel
,显示数据通道)
DDWG
(
Digital
Display Working
Group
,数字化显示工作组)
DEC
(
Direct
Etching Coatings
,表面蚀刻涂层)
Deflection
Coil
(偏转线圈)
DFL
(
Dynamic Focus
Lens
,动态聚焦)
DFP
(
Digital Flat
Panel
,数字平面显示标准)
DFPG
(
Digital Flat
Panel Group
,数字平面显示标准工作组)
DFS
(
Digital Flex
Scan
,数字伸缩扫描)
DIC
Digital Image
Control
(数字图像控制)
Digital Multiscan
II
(数字式智能多频追踪)
DLP
(
digital Light
Processing
,数字光处理,数字投影技术)
DMD
(
Digital
Micromirror Device
,数字微镜设备)
DOSD Digital On Screen
Display
(同屏数字化显示)
DPMS
(
Display
Power Management
Signalling
,显示能源管理信号)
Dot Pitch
(点距)
DQL
(
Dynamic
Quadrapole Lens
,动态四极镜)
DSP
(
Digital
Signal Processing
,数字信号处理)
DSTN
(
Double
layers Super Twisted Nematic
,双层超扭曲向列,无源
矩阵
LCD
)
DTV
(
Digital
TV
,数字电视)
DVI
(
Digital
Visual Interface
,数字化视像接口)
p>
ECD
(
ElectroChromic
Display
,电铬显示器)
EDR
(
Extreme
Dynamic Range
,超高动态范围)
EFEAL
(
Extended
Field Elliptical Aperture
Lens
,可扩展扫描椭圆孔镜头)
EL
(
Electro
Luminescence
,电镀发光体)
FED
(
Field
Emission Displays
,电场发射式显示器)
Flyback
Transformer
(回转变压器)
FPD
(
flat panel
display
,平面显示器)
FRC Frame Rate
Control
(帧比率控制)
FSTN
(
Film Super
Twisted Nematic
,薄膜超扭曲向列)
GLV
(
grating-
light-valve
,光栅亮度阀)
GTG
(
Grey To
Grey
,灰阶到灰阶)
HDMI
(
High
Definition Multimedia
Interface
,高精度多媒体接口)
HDTV
(
high
definition
television
,高清晰度电视)
HVD
(
High Voltage
Differential
,高分差动)
IFT
(
Infinite
FlatTube
,无限平面管,三星丹娜)
INVAR
(不胀铜)
IPS
(
in-plane
switching
,平面开关)
LCD
(
liquid
crystal display
,液晶显示屏)
LCOS Liquid Crystal On
Silicon
(硅上液晶)
LED
(
light
emitting diode
,光学二级管)
L-SAGIC
(
Low
Power-Small Aperture G1 wiht Impregnated
Cathode
,低电压光圈阴极管)
LTPS
(
Low-
Temperature Poly-Si
,低温多晶硅)
LVD
(
Low Voltage
Differential
,低分差动)
LVDS
(
Low Voltage
Differential Signal
,低分差动信号)
LRTC
(
LCD Response
Time Compensation
,液晶响应时间补偿)
LTPS
(
Low
Temperature
Polysilicon
,低温多硅显示器)
MALS
(
Multi
Astigmatism Lens
System
,多重散光聚焦系统)
MDA
(
Monochrome
Adapter
,单色设备)
Monochrome
Monitor
(单色显示器)
MS
Magnetic Sensors
(磁场感应器)
MVA
(
multi-domain
vertical alignment
,广域垂直液晶队列)
OEL
(
organic
electro-luminescent
,有机电镀冷光)
OLED
(
Organic
light-emitting
diode
,有机电激发光显示器)
OSD
(
On Screen
Display
,同屏显示)
PAC
(
psycho-
acoustic
compensation
,心理声学补偿)
P&D
(
Plug and
Display
,即插即显)
PDP
(
Plasma
Display Panel
,等离子显示器)
Porous
Tungsten
(活性钨)
PPI
(
Pixel Per
Inch
,像素/英寸)
RGB
p>
(
Red
、
Blu
e
、
Green
,红、蓝、绿三原色)
ROP
(
raster
operations
,光栅操作)
RSDS Reduced Swing Differential
Signal
(小幅度摆动差动信号)
RTA
(
Response Time
Accelerator
,响应时间加速)
SC
(
Screen
Coatings
,屏幕涂层)
Single Ended
(单终结)
Shadow Mask
(点状阴罩)
SXGA
(
Super
eXtended Graphics
Array
,超级扩展型图形阵列)
STN
(
Super Twisted
Nematic
,超扭曲向列,无源矩阵)
TCO
(
The Swedish
Confederation of Professional
Employees
,瑞典专业工作人员联合会)
TDT
(
Timeing
Detection Table
,数据测定表)
TMDS
(
Transition
Minimized Differential
Signaling
,转换极低损耗微分信号)
TDMS
(
transition
differential minimized
signaling
,转换微分最小信号)
TN
(
Twisted Nemati
c
,扭曲液晶向列,无源矩阵
LCD
)
TN+film
(
twisted
nematic and retardation film
,扭曲液晶向列
+
延迟薄膜)
TICRG Tungsten Impregnated Cathode Ray
Gun
(钨传输阴级射线枪)
TFT
(
thin film tra
nsistor
,薄膜晶体管,有源矩阵
LCD
)
Trinitron
(特丽珑)
TSTN
(
triple
supertwisted
nematic
,三倍超扭曲向列)
UCC
(
Ultra Clear
Coatings
,超清晰涂层)
UFB
(
Ultra-
Fine&Bright
,新概念超亮度液晶显示屏)
UXGA (Ultra Extended Graphics
Array
,极速扩展图形阵列)
VAGP Variable Aperature Grille
Pitch
(可变间距光栅)
VBI
Vertical Blanking
Interval
(垂直空白间隙)
VESA
(
Video
Electronics Standards
Association
,视频电子标准协会)
VGA
(
video
graphics array
,视频图像阵列)
VDT
(
Video Display
Terminals
,视频显示终端)
VFD
(
Vacuum
Fluorescent Display
,真空荧光显示器)
VRR Vertical Refresh
Rate
(垂直扫描频率)
VW
(
Virtual
Window
,虚拟视窗)
XGA
(
eXtended
Graphics Array
,扩展型图形阵列)
YUV
(亮度和色差信号)
?
4
、视频
3D
:
Three
Dimensional
,三维
3DCG
(
3D computer
graphics
,三维计算机图形)
3DS
(
3D
SubSystem
,三维子系统)
A-Buffer
(
Accumulation
Buffer
,积聚缓冲)
AA
(
Accuview
Antialiasing
,高精度抗锯齿)
ADC
(
Analog to
Digital Converter
,模数传换器)
ADI
(
Adaptive De-
Interlacing
,自适应交错化技术)
AE
(
Atmospheric
Effects
,大气雾化效果)
AFC
(
Advanced
Frame Capture
、高级画面捕获)
AFR
(
Alternate?
Frame Rendering
,交替渲染技术)
Anisotropic
Filtering
(各向异性过滤)
APPE
(
Advanced
Packet Parsing
Engine
,增强形帧解析引擎)
AR
(
Auto-
Resume
,自动恢复)
AST
(
amorphous-
silicon TFT
,非晶硅薄膜晶体管)
AV
(
Analog
Video
,模拟视频)
AV
(
Audio &
Video
,音频和视频)
B Sp
lines
(
B
样条)
BAC
(
Bad
Angle Case
,边角损坏采样)
Back Buffer
,后置缓冲
Backface
culling
(隐面消除)
Battle for Eyeballs
(眼球大战,各
p>
3D
图形芯片公司为了争夺用户而作的竞争)
Bilinear
Filtering
(双线性过滤)
B.O.D.E
(
Body
、
Object
、
Design
< br>、
Envioment
,人体、物体、设计、环境渲染自
动识别)
BSP
(
Binary Space
Partitioning
,二进制空间分区)
CBMC
(
Crossbar
based memory
controller
,内存控制交叉装置)
CBU
(
color
blending unit
,色彩混和单位)
CEA
(
Critical Edge
Angles
,临界边角)
CEM
(
cube
environment mapping
,立方环境映射)
CG
(
C for Graphics
GPU
,用于图形
GPU
的可编程语言
)
CG
(
Computer
Graphics
,计算机生成图像)
Clipping
(剪贴纹理)
Clock
Synthesizer
,时钟合成器
compressed
textures
(压缩纹理)
Concurrent Command
Engine
,协作命令引擎
CSC
(
Colorspace
Conversion
,色彩空间转换)
CSG (constructive solid
geometry
,建设立体几何)
CSS
(
Content
Scrambling System
,内容不规则加密)
DAC
(
Digital to
Analog Converter
,数模传换器)
DCD
(
Directional
Correlational De-
interlacing
,方向关联解交错)
DCT
(
Display
Compression
Technology
,显示压缩技术)
DCT
(
Display
Compatibility
Test
,显示设备兼容性测试)
DDC
(
Dynamic Depth
Cueing
,动态深度暗示)图像
DDP
(
Digital
Display Port
,数字输出端口)
DDS
(
Direct Draw
Surface
,直接绘画表面)
D
ecal
(印花法,用于生成一些半透明效果,如:鲜血飞溅的场面)
< br>
DFP
(
Digital
Flat Panel
,数字式平面显示器)
DFS Dynamic Flat Shading
(动态平
面描影)
,
可用作加速
Dithering
(抖动)
Directional
Light
,方向性光源
DM
(
Displacement
mapping
,位移贴图)
DME
(
Direct Memory
Execute
,直接内存执行)
DOF
(
Depth of
Field
,多重境深)
dot
texture blending
(点型纹理混和)
DOT3
(
Dot product
3 bump mapping
,点乘积凹凸映射)
Double
Buffering
(双缓冲区)
DPBM
(
Dot Product
Bump Mapping
,点乘积凹凸映射)
DQUICK
(
DVD
Qualification and Integration Kit
,
DVD
资格和综合工具包)
DRA
(
deferred
rendering
architecture
,延迟渲染架构)
DRI
(
Direct
Rendering
Infrastructure
,基层直接渲染)
DSP
(
Dual Streams
Processor
,双重流处理器)
DVC
(
Digital
Vibrance Control
,数字振动控制)
DVI
(
Digital Video
Interface
,数字视频接口)
DVMT
(
Dynamic
Video Memory
Technology
,动态视频内存技术)
DxR DynamicXTended
Resolution
(动态可扩展分辨率)
DXTC
(
Direct X
Texture Compress
,
DirectX
纹理压缩,以
S3TC
为基础)
Dynamic Z-buffering
(动态<
/p>
Z
轴缓冲区)
,
显示物体远近
,
可用作远景
E-DDC
(
Enhanced
Display Data Channel
,增强形视频数据通道协议,定义了显示输
出与主系
统之间的通讯通道,能提高显示输出的画面质量)
Edge Anti
-
aliasin
g
(边缘抗锯齿失真)
E-EDID
(
Enhanced
Extended Identification Data
,增强形扩充身份辨识数
据,定义电脑通讯视
频主系统的数据式)
eFB
(
embedded
Frame Buffer
,嵌入式帧缓冲)
eTM
(
embedded
Texture Buffer
,嵌入式纹理缓冲)
Execute
Buffers
,执行缓冲区
Embosing
,浮雕
EMBM
(
environment
mapped bump mapping
,环境凹凸映射)
Extended Burst
Transactions
,增强式突发处理
Factor Alpha
Blending
(因子阿尔法混合)
Fast Z-clear
,快速
Z<
/p>
缓冲清除
FB
(
fragment
buffer
,片段缓冲)
FL
(
fragment
list
,片段列表)
FW
(
Fast Write
,快写,
AGP
总线的特殊功能)
Front
Buffer
,前置缓冲
Flat
(平面描影)
FL
(
Function
Lookup
,功能查找)
FMC
(
Frictionless
Memory Control
,无阻内存控制)
Frames rate is
King
(帧数为王)
FRC
(
Frame Rate
Control
,帧率控制)
FSAA
(
Full
SceneScreen Anti
-
aliasing
,全景屏幕抗锯齿)
Fog
(雾化效果)
flip double
buffered
(反转双缓存)
fog table
quality
(雾化表画质)
F-Buffer
(
Fragment
Stream FIFO
Buffer
,片段流先入先出缓冲区)
GPT
(
Graphics
Performance Toolkit
,图形性能工具包)
FRJS
(
Fully Random
Jittered Super-
Sampling
,完全随机移动式超级采样)
Fur
(软毛效果)
GART
(
Graphic
Address Remappng
Table
,图形地址重绘表)
GI
(
Global
Illumination
,球形光照)
GIC
(
Gold
Immersion Coating
,
化金涂布技术,
纯金材质作为
PCB
最终层,
提升信号完整性)
GIF
(
Graphics
Interchange Format
,图像交换格式)
GLI
(
Graphics Link
Interface
,
可延展连接界面,
磐正提出支持两个不同显卡的
SLI
,
PCI-E 16x+4x
)
Gouraud
Shading
,高洛德描影,也称为内插法均匀涂色
GPU
(
Graphics
Processing Unit
,图形处理器)
GTF
(
Generalized
Timing Formula
,一般程序时间,定义了产生画面所需要的时间,包括了
诸
如画面刷新率等)
GTS
(
Giga Textel
Sharder
,十亿像素填充率)
Guard Band
Support
(支持保护带)
HAL
(
Hardware
Abstraction Layer
,硬件抽像化层)
HDR
(
High Dynamic
Range
,高级动态范围)
HDRL
(
high
dynamic-range
lighting
,高动态范围光线)
HDVP
(
High-
Definition Video
Processor
,高精度视频处理器)
HEL Hardware Emulation
Layer
(硬件模拟层)
HLSL
(
High Level
Shading Language
,高级描影语言)
HMC
(
hardware
motion compensation
,硬件运动补偿)
Hierarchical
Z
(
Z
分级)
high triangle
count
(复杂三角形计数)
HOS
(
Higher-Order
Surfaces
,高次序表面)
HPDR
(
High-
Precision Dynamic-
Range
,高精度动态范围)
HRAA
(
High
Resolution Anti
-
aliasing
,高分辨率抗锯齿)
HSI
(
High Speed
Interconnect
,高速内连)
HSR
(
Hidden
Surface Removal
,隐藏表面移除)
HTP
(
Hyper Texel
Pipeline
,超级像素管道)
HWMC
(
Hardware
Motion Compensation
,硬件运动补偿)
ICD
(
Installable
Client Driver
,可安装客户端驱动程序)
iDCT
(
inverse
Discrete Cosine
Transformation
,负离散余弦转换)
IDE
(
Integrated
Development
Environment
,集成开发环境)
Immediate
Mode
,直接模式
IMMT
(
Intelligent
Memory Manager
Technology
,智能内存管理技术)
Imposters
(诈欺模型)
IPEAK GPT
(
Intel
Performance Evaluation and Analysis Kit - Graphics
Performance Toolkit
,英特
尔性能评估和
分析套件
-
图形性能工具包)
IPPR
Image Processing and Pattern
Recognition
(图像处理和模式识别)
IR
(
Immediate
Rendering
,直接渲染)
IRA
(
immediate-
mode rendering
architecture
,即时渲染架构)
IQ
(
inverse
quantization
,反转量子化)
ITC
(
Internal True
Color
,内部真彩色)
IVC
(
Indexed
Vertex Cache
,索引顶点缓存)
JFAA
(
Jitter Free
Anti Aliasing
,自由跳跃进抗锯齿)
JGSS
(
Jittered
Grid Super-
Sampling
,移动式栅格超级采样)
JPRS
(
Jittered
pseudo random
sampling
,抖动假取样)
Key Frame
Interpolation
,关键帧插补
large
textures
(大型纹理)
LE
(
low
end
,低端)
LF
(
Linear
Filtering
,线性过滤,即双线性过滤)
LFB
(
Linear Frame-
Buffer
,线性帧缓冲)
LFM
(
Light Field
Mapping
,光照区域贴图)
lighting
(光源)
lightmap
(光线映射)
LMA
(
Lightspeed
memory Architecture
,光速内存架构)
Local Peripheral
Bus
(局域边缘总线)
LOD
(
Levels-of-
Detail
,细节级)
Lossless Z Compression
,无损
Z
压缩
LPF
(
Low-past
filter
,低通道滤波器)
LSR
(
Light Shaft
Rendering
,光线轴渲染)
mipmapping
(
MIP
映射)
MAC
(
Mediocre
Angle Case
,普通角采样)
Matrix Vertex
Blending
,矩阵顶点混和
MCM
(
Multichip
Module
,多芯片模块)
Membrane
lighting
,隔膜光线
Mipmap LOD Bias Adjustment
(映
射
LOD
偏移调节)
Modulate
(调制混合)
Motion
Compensation
,动态补偿
motion blur
(模糊移动)
MPPS
:
Million
Pixels Per Second
,百万个像素秒
MRT
(
Multiple
Render Targets
,多重渲染目标)
MSAA
(
multisampling
SceneScreen Anti
-
aliasing
,多重采样抗锯齿)
Multiplicative Texture
Blending
(乘法纹理混合)
Multi-Resolution
Mesh
,多重分辨率组合
Multi Threaded Bus
Master
,多线程主控
Mult
itexture
(多重纹理)
MVSD
(
Motion
Vector Steered de-
interlacing
,移动向量控制解交错)
MXM
(
Mobile PCI
Express Module
,移动
PCI
Express
模块)
NURBS
(
Non Uniform
Relational B Splines
,非统一相关
B<
/p>
样条)
nerest Mipmap<
/p>
(邻近
MIP
映射,又叫点采样技术)<
/p>
NGP
(
Next-
Generation Graphics
Port
,下一代图形接口)
NSR
(
nVidia
Shading Rasterizer
,
nVidia
描影光栅引擎)
NXL
(
NVIDIA XPress
Link
,
nViadia
X
紧迫链路)
OGSS
(
Ordered Grid
Super-Sampling
,顺序栅格超级采样)
ORB
(
Online
ResultBrowser
,在线分数浏览)
OTES
(
Outside
Thermal Exhaust
System
,向外热排气系统)
O
verdraw
(透支,全景渲染造成的浪费)
partial texture
downloads
(并行纹理传输)
Parallel Processing Perspective
Engine
(平行透视处理器)
PC
(
pipeline
combining
,管道结合)
Perspective
Correction
(透视纠正)
Perspective
Divide
,透视分隔
PGC
(
Parallel
Graphics
Configuration
,并行图像设置)
PureHAL
(
Pure
Hardware Abstraction
Layer
,纯硬件处理层)
PIP
(
Picture In
Picture
,画中画)
pixel
(
Picture ele
ment
,图像元素,又称
P
像素,屏
幕上的像素点)
PM
(
parallax
mapping
,视差映射)
Point Primitive
Support
(支持原始点)
point
light
(一般点光源)
point sampling
(点采样技术,又叫邻近
MIP
映射)
Point
Sprit
(点碎片纹理)
Positional
Lights
(定点光源)
Precise Pixel
Interpolation
,精确像素插值
precomputedpreimaged
(预计算预描绘)
Procedural
textures
(可编程纹理)
Projected
Textrues
(投射纹理)
PS
(
Pixel
Shaders
,像素描影)
PT
(
Projective
textures
,投影纹理)
PTC
(
Palletized
Texture Compression
,并行纹理压缩)
PVA
(
Patterned
Vertical Alignment
,图像垂直调整)
PVPU
(
Programable
Vertex Processing
Unit
,可编程顶点处理单元)
QC
(
Quad
Cache
,四重缓存)
QDR
(
Quad Data
Rate
,四倍速率)
QDR
SDRAM
(
Quad Data
Rate
,四倍速率
SDRAM
)
RAMDAC
(
Random
Access Memory Digital to Analog
Converter
,随机存储器数模转换器)
Range Fog
(延伸雾化)
PB
(
Priority
buffer
,优先缓冲)
PJSS
(
programmable
jitter table
,可编程抖动表)
ps
(
picoseconds
,皮秒,微微秒,百亿分之一秒)
Reflection
mapping
(反射贴图)
render
(着色或渲染)
Rendering to a
Window
(窗口透视)
RGBA
(
Red
、
B
lue
、
Green +
Alpha
,红、蓝、绿
+
Alpha
通道)
RGSS
(
Rotated Grid
Super-Sampling
,旋转栅格超级采样)
RM
(
Retention
Mechanism
,保持机构)
RSAA
(
Random
Sampling Anti
aliasing
,随机采样抗锯齿)
RTV
(
Real Time
Video
,实时视频)
S
端子(
Seperate
)
S3
(
Sight
、
Sound
、
Speed
,视频、音频、速度)
S3TC
(
S3 Texture C
ompress
,
S3
纹理压缩,以前
仅支持
S3
显卡)
S3TL
(
S3
Transformation & Lighting
,
S3
多边形转换和光源处理)
SB
(
Shadow
Buffer
,描影缓冲)
Screen
Buffer
(屏幕缓冲)
SDTV
(
Standard
Definition
Television
,标准清晰度电视)
SEM
(
spherical
environment mapping
,球形环境映射)
SGCT
(
self-gauging
clock technology
,自测量时钟技术)
Shading
,描影
SIF2
(
SUMA
Individual Analog Filter 2
,
S
UMA
独立模拟过滤器
2
)
Single Pass Multi-
Texturing
,单通道多纹理
SLAM
(
Symmetrically Loaded
Acoustic Module
,平衡装载声学模块)
SLI
(
Scanline Inte
rleave
,扫描线间插,
3Dfx
的双
Voodoo 2
配合技术)
SLI
(
Scalable Link
Interface
,可延展连接界面,
nVidia
的
GeForce6
系列双显卡技术)
Smart
Filter
(智能过滤)
soft
shadows
(柔和阴影)
soft
reflections
(柔和反射)
spot light
(小型点光源)
SRA
(
Symmetric
Rendering
Architecture
,对称渲染架构)
Specular Gouraud
Shading
(镜面高洛德描影)
SS
(
Smart
Shader
,智能描影)
SSAA
(
Super-
Sampling Anti
-
aliasing
,超级采样抗锯齿)
Stencil
Buffers
(模板缓冲)
Stream
Processor
(流线处理)
Subpixel Accurate
Rasterizing
(区块子像素精确光栅化)
Subtractive Texture
Blending
(反纹理混合)
Super
Sampling
(超级采样)
SuperScaler
Rendering
,超标量渲染
Table Fog
(雾化函数表)
TBFB
(
Tile Based
Frame Buffer
,碎片纹理帧缓存)
TBR
(
Tile Based
rendering
,瓦片纹理渲染)
tessellation
(镶嵌)
texel
(
T
像素,纹理上的像素点)
Texture Alpha B
lending
(纹理
Alpha
混合
)
Texture
Clamping
(纹理箝入)
Texture
Fidelity
(纹理真实性)
Texture
Mirroring
(纹理反射)
texture
swapping
(纹理交换)
Texture
Wrapping
(纹理外包)
T&L
(
Transform and
Lighting
,多边形转换与光源处理)
T-Buffer
(
T
缓冲,
3dfx
Voodoo5
的特效,包括全景反锯齿
Full-scene
Anti-Aliasing
、动态模糊
Motion
Blur
、
焦点模糊
Depth of
Field
Blur
、
柔和阴影
Soft
Shadows
、
柔和反射
Soft
Reflections
)
TCA
(
Twin Cache
Architecture
,双缓存结构)
TIFF
(
Tagged Image
File Format
,标签图像文件格式)
Triangle
Setup
,三角形设置
Trans
parency
(透明状效果)
Tr
ansformation
(三角形转换)
Trilinear
Filtering
(三线性过滤)
Texture
Modes
,材质模式
TMIPM
Trilinear MIP Mapping
(三次线性
MI
P
材质贴图)
TMU
(
Texture Map
Unit
,纹理映射单元)
UCA
(
Unified
Compiler
Architecture
,统一编译架构)
UDA
(
Unified
Driver
Architecture
,统一驱动程序架构)
UDOT
(
UltraSharp
Display Output
Technology
,超清晰显示输出技术)
UMA
(
Unified
Memory Architecture
,统一内存架构)
UMA
(
Unified
Motherboard
Architecture
,统一主板架构)
UPT
(
unreal
performance test
,虚幻引擎性能测试)
VA
(
Vernier
Acuity
,视敏度)
VDM
(
Virtual
Displacement Mapping
,虚拟位移映射)
Visualize Geometry
Engine
,可视化几何引擎
Vertex Alpha Blending
(顶点
Alpha
混合)
Vertex Fog
(顶点雾化)
Vertex
Lighting
(顶点光源)
Vertical
Interpolation
(垂直调变)
Viewport
Transform
,视点转换
VIP
(
Video
Interface Port
,视频接口)
VIVO
(
video
inputoutput
,视频输入输出)
ViRGE Video and Rendering Graphics
Engine
(视频描写图形引擎)
VMR
(
Video Mixing
Renderer
,视频混合渲染器)
VMS
(
Virtual
Memory System
,虚拟内存系统)
VOC
(
Visual Online
Communication
,视觉在线通讯)
Voxel
(
Volume pixe
ls
,立体像素,
Novalogic
的技术)
VP
(
vertex
processors
,顶点处理器)
VPE
(
Video
Processing Engine
,视频处理引擎)
VPU
(
Vertex
Processing Unit
,顶点处理单元)
VPU
(
Visual
Processing Unit
,视觉处理单元)
VQTC
(
Vector-
Quantization Texture
Compression
,向量纹理压缩)
VS
(
Vertex
Shaders
,顶点描影)
VS
(
Visibility
Subsystem
,可见子系统)
VSA
(
Voodoo
Scalable Architecture
,可升级
Voo
doo
架构)
VSU
(
VertexScalability
Unit
,顶点可量测性单元)
VSIS
(
Video Signal
Standard
,视频信号标准)
VSync
(
Vertical
Sync
,重直同步刷新)
VT
(
Volume
textures
,体积纹理)
VT
(
Vertex
Texturing
,顶点纹理绘制)
VTC
(
Volume
Texture Compression
,体积纹理压缩)
W-Fog
(
W
雾化)
Xabre
(
“
Sabre
”
(基础)+
eXtraordinary
(非凡)+
Advanced
(先进)+
Brilliant
(卓越)+
Rapture
(欢喜)+
Enrichment
(丰富)
)
XBA
(
Xtreme
Bandwidth
Architecture
,极速带宽架构)
YAB NCTC
(
Narrow
Channel Texture
compression
,狭窄通道纹理压缩)
Z Buffer
(
Z
缓存)
ZRT
(
Zone
Rendering Technology
,区域渲染技术)
ZOC
(
Z-Occlusion C
ulling
,
Z
闭塞选择)
?
5
、音频
3DPA
(
3D
Positional Audio
,
3D
定位音频)
AAC
(
Advanced
Audio Compression
,高级音频压缩)
AC
(
Acoustic
Edge
,声学边缘)
AC
(
Audio
Codec
,音频多媒体数字信号编解码器)
AC-3
(
Audio Coding
3
,第三代音响编码)
AC97
(
Audio Codec
'97
,多媒体数字信号解编码器
1997
年标准)
ACIRC
(
Advanced
Cross Interleave Reed - Solomon
Code
,高级交叉插入里德所罗门代码)
ADIP
(
ADdress In
Pre-groove
,地址预刻)
AFC
(
Amplitude-
frequency
characteristic
,振幅频率特征)
AMC
(
audiomodem
codec
,音频调制解调器多媒体数字信号编解码器)
APS
(
Audio
Production Studio
,音频生产工作室)
APX
(
All Position
eXpansion
全方位扩展)
ASIO
(
Audio
Streaming Input and Output
interface
,音频流输入输出接口)
ATRAC
(
Adaptive
TRansform Acoustic Coding
,可适应转换声学译码,
MD
专用数字声音数据
压缩系统)
AUD_EXT
(
Audio
Extension
,音频扩展)
AUX
(
Auxiliary
Input
,辅助输入接口)
CBR
(
Constant Bit
Rate
,固定比特率)
CS
(
Channel
Separation
,声道分离)
CMSS
(
Creative
Multi Speaker
Surround
,创新多音箱环绕)
CPRM
(
Content
Protection for recordable
media
,记录媒体内容保护)
DAB
(
digital audio
broadcast
,数字音频广播)
DBBS
(
Dynamic Bass
Boost System
,动态低音增强系统)
DCC
(
Digital
Compact Cassette
,数字盒式磁带)
DDMA
(
Distributed
DMA
,分布式
DMA
)
DDSS
(
Dolby
Digital Surround
Sound
,杜比数字环绕声)
DHT
(
Dolby
Headphone Technology
,杜比耳机技术)
DLS
(
Downloadable
Sounds Level
,可下载音色)
< br>DLS-2
(
Downloadable Sounds
Level 2
,第二代可下载音色)
DS3D
(
DirectSound
3D Streams
)
DSD
(
Direct Stream
Digital
,直接数字信号流)
DSL
(
Down Loadable
Sample
,可下载的取样音色)
DSO
(
Dynamic
Sound-stage
Organizer
,动态声音层组建)
DSP
(
Digital Sound
Field Processing
,数字音场处理)
DTS
(
Digital
Theater System
,数字剧院系统)
DTT
(
DeskTop
Theater
,桌面剧院)
EAX
(
Environmental
Audio Extensions
,环境音效扩展技术)
EFM (Eight to Fourteen Modulation
,
8
位信号转换为
14
p>
位信号
)
ESP
(
Electronic-
Shock Protection
,电子抗震系统)
Extended
Stereo
(扩展式立体声)
FM
(
Frequency
Modulation
,频率调制)
FIR
(
finite
impulse response
,有限推进响应)
FLAC
(
Free
Lossless Audio
Codec
,自由无损音频解编码)
FPS
(
FourPointSurround
,创新的四点环绕扬声器系统)
FR
(
Frequence
Response
,频率响应)
FSE
(
Frequency
Shifter Effect
,频率转换效果)
GM
(
General Midi
p>
,普通
MIDI
)
HDA
(
high-
efficiency Audax High Definition
Aerogel
,高效高清楚气动)
Hi-fi
(
high
fidelity
,高精度设备)
HPF
(
High-Pass
Filter
,高通滤波器)
HRTF
(
Head Related
Transfer Function
,头部关联传输功能)
I3DL2
(
Interactive
3D Level 2
,第二级交互式
3D
音效)
IID
(
Interaural
Intensity
Difference
,两侧声音强度差别)
IIR
(
infinite
impulse response
,无限推进响应)
Interactive Around-
Sound
(交互式环绕声)
Interactive 3D Audio
(交互式
3D
音效)
ITD
(
Interaural
Time Difference
,两侧声音时间延迟差别)
LFE
(
Low Frequency
Sound Channel
,低频声音通道)
LP
(
Long
Play
,长时间播放)
LPF
(
Low-Pass
Filter
,低通滤波器)
MC
(
modem
codec
,调制解调器多媒体数字信号编解码器)
MDLP
(
MiniDisc
Long Play
,长时间播放迷你光盘)
MFM
(
Magnetic
field modulation
,磁场调制)
MIDI
(
Musical
Instrument Digital
Interface
,乐器数字接口)
NC
(
Noise
Canceling
,降噪)
NDA
non-DWORD-aligned
,非
DWORD
排列
NVH
(
p>
Noise
、
Vibration
、
Harshness
,噪声、振动和刺耳声)
QEM
(
Qsound
Environmental Modeling
,
Qsoun
d
环境建模扬声器组)
QMSS
(
QSound Multi
Speaker System
,
Qsound
多音箱系统)
Raw PCM Raw Pulse
Code Modulated
(元脉码调制)
RMA RealMedia
Architecture
(实媒体架构)
RMAA
(
Right Mark
Audio Analyzer
,公正标识音频分析软件)
RTSP Real Time Streaming?
Protocol
(实时流协议)
SACD
(
Super Audio
CD
,超级音乐
CD
)
SCMS
(
Serial
Copy Management
System
,连续复制管理系统,限制数字拷贝)
SDMI
(
Secure
Digital Music
Initiative
,安全式数字音乐)
SNR
(
Signal to
Noise Ratio
,信噪比)
SPDIF
(
SonyPhillips Digital
Interface
,索尼飞利普数字接口)
SP
(
Stream
Processor
,音频流处理器)
SPU
(
Sound
Processor Unit
,声音处理器)
SPX
(
Sound
Production
Experience
,声音生成体验)
SPX
(
Sound
Production
eXtensions
,声音生成扩展)
SRC
(
Sampling Rate
Convertor
,采样率转换器,把
48KHz
转为
MD
适用的
44.1
KHz
)
SRS
(
Sound
Retrieval System
,声音修复系统)
Surround
Sound
(环绕立体声)
Super Intelligent Sound
ASIC
(超级智能音频集成电路)
TAD
(
Telephone
Answering Device
,电话应答设备)
TC
(
Time
Scaling
,时间缩放)
TDMA
(
Transparent
DMA
,透明
DMA
)
THD+N
(
Total
Harmonic Distortion plus
Noise
,总谐波失真加噪音)
TOC (Table Of Contents
,
MD
内容表,包括磁盘名称、轨数、演奏时间)
VPT
(
Virtual Phone
Technology C Acoustic
Engine
,虚拟耳机音效技术音响动力引擎)
TVA
(
Time Variable
Amplitude
,可随时间变化的音量)
TVF
(
Time Variable
Filter
,可随时间变化的滤波器)
UDAC-MB
(
universal
distribution with access control-media base
,
通用分配存取控制媒体基准)
UTOC (User Table of Contents
,可录式
MD
内容表
)
VBR
(
Variable Bit
Rate
,动态比特率)
WG
(
Wave
Guide
,波导合成)
WT
(
Wave
Table
,波表合成)
?
6
、
RAM
& ROM
ABB
(
Advanced Boot
Block
,高级启动块)
ABP
Address Bit
Permuting
,地址位序列改变
ADT
(
Advanced DRAM
Technology
,先进
DRAM
技术联盟)
AL
(
Additive
Latency
,附加反应时间)
ALDC
(
Adaptive
Lossless Data
Compression
,适应无损数据压缩)
APM
(
Automated
Precision
Manufacturing
,自动化精确生产)
ATC
(
Access Time
from Clock
,时钟存取时间)
ATP
(
Active to
Precharge
,激活到预充电)
BEDO
(
Burst
Enhanced Data-Out
RAM
,突发型数据增强输出内存)
BPA
(
Bit Packing
Architecture
,位封包架构)
AFC
media
(
antiferromagnetically
coupled media
,反铁磁性耦合介质)
BLP
(
Bottom Leaded
Package
,底部导向封装)
BSRAM
(
Burst
pipelined synchronous static
RAM
,突发式管道同步静态存储器)
CAS
(
Column
Address Strobe
,列地址控制器)
CCT
(
Clock Cycle
Time
,时钟周期)
CDRAM
(
Cache DRAM<
/p>
,附加缓存型
DRAM
)
CL
(
CAS Laten
cy
,
CAS
反应时间)
CMR
(
Colossal
Magnetoresistive
,巨磁阻抗)
CPA
(
Close Page
Autoprecharge
,接近页自动预充电)
CSP
(
Chip Size
Package
,芯片尺寸封装)
CTR
(
CAS to
RAS
,列地址到行地址延迟时间)
DB Deep
Buffer
(深度缓冲)
DD
(
Double
Side
,双面内存)
DDBGA
(
Die
Dimension Ball Grid
Array
,内核密度球状矩阵排列)
DDR
(
Double Date
Rate
,上下行双数据率)
DDR
SDRAM
(
Double Date Rate
,上下行双数据率
SDRAM
)
DRCG
(
Direct
Rambus Clock Generator
,直接
RAM
BUS
时钟发生器)
DIL
(
dual-in-
line
)
DIVA
(
Data
IntensiVe
Architecture
,数据加强架构)
DIMM
(
Dual In-line
Memory Modules
,双重内嵌式内存模块)
p>
DLL
(
Delay
-
Locked
Loop
,延时锁定循环电路)
DQS
(
Bidirectional
data strobe
,双向数据滤波)
DRAM
(
Dynamic
Random Access
Memory
,动态随机存储器)
DRDRAM
(
Direct
RAMBUS DRAM
,直接内存总线
DRAM
)
DRSL
(
Direct
RAMBUS Signaling Level
,直接
RAM
BUS
信号级)
DRSL
(
Differential
Rambus Signaling Levels
,微分
RA
MBUS
信号级)
DSM
(
Distributed
shared memory
,分布式共享内存)
ECC
(
Error
Checking and
Correction
,错误检查修正)
ED
(
Execution
driven
,执行驱动)
EDO
(
Enhanced
Data-Out RAM
,数据增强输出内存)
EHSDRAM
(
Enhanced
High Speed DRAM
,增强型超高速内存)
EL DDR
(
Enhanced
Latency DDR
,增强反应周期
DDR
内存)
EMS
(
Enhanced
Memory System
,增强内存系统)
EMS
(
Expanded
Memory Specification
,扩充内存规格)
EOL
(
End of
Life
,最终完成产品)
EPROM
(
erasable,
programmable ROM
,可擦写可编程
ROM
p>
)
EPOC
(
Elevated
Package Over CSP
,
CSP
< br>架空封装)
EPV
(
Extended
Voltage Proteciton
,扩展电压保护)
ESDRAM
(
Enhanced S
DRAM
,增强型
SDRAM
)
ESRAM
(
Enhanced SR
AM
,增强型
SRAM
)
EEPROM
(
Elec
trically Erasable Programmable
ROM
,电擦写可编程只读存储器)
FCRAM
(
Fast Cycle
RAM
,快周期随机存储器)
FEMMA
(
Foldable
Electronic Memory Module
Assembly
,折叠电子内存模块装配)
FM
(
Flash
Memory
,快闪存储器)
FMD
ROM
(
Fluorescent Material
Read Only Memory
,荧光质只读存储器)
FPM
(
Fast Page
Mode
,快页模式内存)
HDSS
(
Holographic Data Storage
System
,全息数据存储系统)
HMC
(
holographic
media card
,全息媒体卡)
HMD
(
holographic
media disk
,全息媒体磁盘)
HSDRAM
(
High Speed
DRAM
,超高速内存)
LRU
(
least
recently used
,最少最近使用)
MADP
(
Memory
Address Data Path
,内存地址数据路径)
MDRAM
(
Multi Bank
Random Access
Memory
,多储蓄库随机存储器)
MRAM
(
Magnetic
Random Access
Memory
,磁性随机存取存储器)
ns
(
nanosecond
,纳秒
,毫微秒,
10
亿分之一秒)
NVRAM
(
Non-
Volatile RAM
,非可变性
RAM
< br>)
NWX
(
no write
transfer
,非写转换)
ODR
(
Octal Data
Rate
,八倍数据率)
ODT
(
on-die
termination
,片内终结器)
OP
(
Open
Page
,开放页)
PIROM
:
Processor
Information ROM
,处理器信息
ROM
PLEDM Phase-state Low Elect
ron
(
hole
)
< br>-number Drive Memory
PLL
(
Phase Lock
Loop
,相位锁定环)
PRISM
(
Photorefractive Information
Storage Material
,摄影折射信息存储原料)
PROM
(
Programmable
Read Only Memory
,可编程只读存储器)
PTA
(
Precharge to
Active
,预充电到激活)
QBM
(
Quad Band
Memory
,四倍边带内存)
QRSL
(
Quad Rambus
Signaling Levels
,四倍
RAMBUS
信号级)
RAC
(
Rambus Asic C
ell
,
Rambus
集成电路单元)
RAC
(
Row Access
Time
,行存取时间)
RAM
(
Random Access
Memory
,随机存储器)
RAS
(
Row Address
Strobe
,行地址控制器)
RAT
(
Precharge to
Active Trp
,预充电到激活时间)
RCD
(
Row to Cas
Delay
,行地址到列地址控制器延迟时间)
RDF
(
Rambus
Developer Forum
,
RAMBUS
发展商论坛)
RDRAM
(
Rambus
Direct RAM
,直接型
RambusRAM
)
RIMM
(
RAMBUS In-
line Memory Modules
,
RAMBUS
p>
内嵌式内存模块)
ROM
(
read-only
memory
,只读存储器)
RRAM
(
Resistance
RAM
,非挥发性阻抗存储器)
RP
(
RAS Pre-charge
Times
,行地址预充电时间)
RL
(
Read
Latency
,读取反应时间)
SCP
(
CHIP SCALE
PACKGE
,芯片比例封装)
SD
(
Single
Side
,单面内存)
SDRAM
(
Synchronous
Dynamic RAM
,同步动态内存)
SDR
(
Single Date
Rate
,单数据率)
SDR
SDRAM
(
Single Date Rate
,单数据率
SDRAM
)
SGRAM
(
synchronous
graphics RAM
,同步图形随机储存器)
SIMM
(
Single
Inline Memory
Module
,单边直线内存模块)
SLM
(
Spatial Light
Modulator
,空间光线调节器)
SM
(
Smart
Media
,智能存储卡)
SMRAM
(
System
Management RAM
,系统管理内存)
SODIMM
(
Small
Outline Dual In-line Memory
Modules
,小型双重内嵌式内存模块)
SPD
(
Serial
Presence Detect
,串行存在检查)
SRAM
(
Static
Random Access
Memory
,静态随机存储器)
SRAM
(
single-
transistor DRAM
,单晶体管
DRAM
)
SSFDC
(
Solid State
Floppy Disk
Card
,固态软盘卡,通常指
Smart
Media
)
SSTL
(
Stub Series
Terminated Logic
,残余连续终结逻辑电路)
TCP
(
Tape Carrier
Packaging
,带载封装)
TCSR
(
temperature
compensated self
refresh
,温度补偿自刷新)
TD
(
Trace
driven
,追踪驱动)
TOM
(
Top of main
memory
,主内存顶端)
TSOPs
(
thin small
outline packages
,小型薄型封装)
UMA
(
Upper Memory
Area
,上部内存区)
ULVS
(
ultra low
voltage signal
,超低电压信号)
USWV
(
Uncacheable,
Speculative, Write-
Combining
非缓冲随机混合写入)
VCRAM
(
Virtual
Channel Memory
,虚拟通道内存)
VCMA
(
Virtual
Channel Memory
architecture
,虚拟通道内存结构)
VCSDRAM
(
Virtual
Channel SDRAM
,虚拟通道内存)
VM
(
Virtual
Memory
,虚拟存储器)
VR
(
Virtual
Register
,虚拟寄存器)
WBGA
(
Windows-BGA<
/p>
,
WBGA
的面积尺寸为传统
TSOP
封装的
36.52%
,重量为传统
TSOP
的
23.3
7%
,
整个
WBGA
< br>的面积与内核的比例为
128%
,
也就是说,
封装的面积仅比管芯大
28%
。
WL
(
Write
Latency
,写反应时间)
WORM
(
write-
onceread many
,写一次读多次介质)
XDR
(
eXtreme Data
Rate
,极速数据率)
XMS
(
Extended
Memory
,扩展内存)
?
7
、磁盘
AAT
(
Average
access time
,平均存取时间)
ABS
(
Auto Balance
System
,自动平衡系统)
AM
(
Acoustic
Management
,声音管理)
ASC
(
Advanced Size
Check
,高级尺寸检查)
ASMO
(
Advanced
Storage Magneto-
Optical
,增强形光学存储器)
AST
(
Average Seek
time
,平均寻道时间)
ATA
(
Advanced
Technology
Attachment
,高级技术附加装置)
ATOMM
(
Advanced
super Thin-layer and high-Output Metal Media
,
增强形超薄高速金属媒体)
BBS
(
BIOS Boot
Specification
,基本输入输出系统启动规范)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
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