-
era: It refers to a very long period of
time marked
学习英语词
汇中，有时同义词的辨析
是很不容
by a
particular feature in a
great new
易的，
我们一般从三方面进行区分，
即：
语法、
语
era
of world
revolution(
)
时期
语义和文体。语法主要是词性、搭配、
句式等的区分
;
义主要是词义的本义、引申义、比
喻义和内
涵和
age: It shows a particular
/a fairly
文体主要是正式和非
正式、
;
外延等的区分
褒义和贬
definite period
in history. the
Bronze Age,
组同义词。义等的区分。下面是笔者整理的
50
Iron Age
路
1.
)
打仗战斗
( 3.
way: Wherever there is room for an
奋斗
struggle
fight:It is a bodily
(
)
斗争
object to proceed, there is a
way.
struggle: An
effort of any kind to overcome road: A road is a
prepared way for traveling with
or vehicles.
path: A way suitable to be
traveled only by foot
)
battle: A fight
between (
战斗
armed gers or by
animals.
route: A route is a line of travel, and
may be over
) campaign:
A series of (
战役
related military
operations in a
roads.
) war: A period
of fight between(
战争
street:
A street is in
some centre of
countries or
states when weapons are used
and
habitation, as a city town or village, when
many people are passes
between houses of dwellings.
) combat: A
fight, conflict, (
对抗
avenue:
A avenue is a long,
broad and
controversy. ) or principal
ng(
壮严
)
教士牧师
4.
牧师
(
)
期时代
2.
()(
时期
priest: A person, esp. a
man specially
period: It
indicates any passage of time,
trained for various religious duties
and great or small. /an
extent of time
of any
ceremonies, in the
Christian church, esp. in
)length.(
时代
the Roman
Catholic church
It refers to a period in
(s):
) minister: A
member
of clergy, esp.(
牧师
in ancient times/ in
Victoria time (
)
新时代
Protestant
churches.
epoch: It indicates a long
period of
time
) clergy(pl):
The officially(
牧师
of
a particularmarked
by events
or
development
appointed leader of the
religious activities of a particular
kind.
church or
temple.
The first flight into space marked a
new
clergyman:
clergymen(pl) a
member of epoch in the history of
mankind.(
)
纪元
clergy.
cry: The most general one.
) pastor: A Christian
religious (
牧
师
leader in charge of a
church and its members,
) weep: To let flow tears.(
哭泣
esp. in a Protestant
church.
anpriest in charge
of
教区牧师
) vicar:
A(
) sob: To weep or
sigh with short
抽嗒
(
抽泣
quick (parish)
in the church of England.
father: A little of respect for a
priest,
) snivel: To
sniffle and cry
in a
涕泪交流哭天抹泪
(
irritating . in the Roman
Catholic.
服装
5.
) blubber: To cry loudly
又哭又闹哭嚎
(
noisily.
clothing(collect): (fml)
General term of
) whine: To make a low (
发出低声报怨声
clothes.
complaining cry.
clothes(no
single): Coverings of the body
) bawl: To
utter loud cries (always in bad
嚎哭
( such as
coats,dresses, suits, shoes,
hats.
sense).
garment(fl): A suit of
clothes used
) wail: To cry aloud from pain (
痛哭
by actors./a single
article
of clothing.
or sorrow.
costume:
)
moan: To make a low, miserable sound in
呻吟
(
1) The fashion of dress peculiar to a
people, nation, pain or
sorrow.
class, period,
etc.
) grown: To make a low
sound of pain,
呻吟
(
in
a play.2) A dress
worn by actors
uniform:
unhappiness or
disapproval
worn by all members of the
community.
) mourn: To
feel or show sadness (
哀悼
dress:or sorrow for someone
who has died.
连衣
1) A kind of
outer garment worn by women(
) lament: To
express great
sorrow
哀悼
(
).
裙
or
regret.
美丽
7.
漂亮
) evening
2)worn on special occasions
(
礼
服
dress/ morning dress
good
-
looking:
Having an attractive
suit: A set of outer
clothes to be worn appearance in a
strong, healthy way used
for men and
together. evening
suit/swimming suitwomen not things.
coat: A garment with
sleeves worn on top of other beautiful: ( a
womanor a thing) Suggesting
symmetry of features or perfection
ofclothes from rain, heat,
etc.
proportion, elegance and mobility.
overcoat: A
warn coat worn in the street.
beautiful flowers, a
beautiful
girl/voice/city/face beautiful
weather.
哭
6.
He jerked out the knife
that was stuck appearance
applieshandsome: Of
attractive
to men. a handsome
in the wound.
fellow/actor/horse/buildings/young
man.
tow: To pull by a rope or chain. We
towed
pretty: (a girl, or a small thing)
Suggesting
the car to the nearest
garage.
liveliness and sweetness,
pleasing
wrench: To pull hard with a
twisting or or nice to look at. a
pretty little woman/garden, a
pretty
turning / picture/piece of
music,
9.
旋转
lovely: (something) So
beautiful that it
even at it or makes you feel good to
look
turn: The
most general one.
to think
about it. The garden looks
lovely.
fair: Beautiful( of womanin poet) light
in color esp.,
) spin: To
turn quickly around
自转
(
a
central point.
skin
hair.
of
the action,emphasizes the continuityIt
gorgeous:
(persons or things) (inf)
and usually the
narrow extent of the
Extremely
beautiful or handsome.
circular motion.
8.
拉、拖
The wheel is spinning on
its axis.
pull: The most
general one.
) whirl: To
round very fast.(
急转
draw: It implies a smoother,
steadier
It implies the lock of
conscious control.
than
motion
and generally
a lighter
The leaves
whirl in the wind in the yard.
drag: It
usually refers to
horizontal
motion or motion up an incline
(slope) and it
a fixed
point
转动
) rotate:
To turn round(
over
rough
ground orefforts
suggests
laborious
with a circular
movement.
against friction,
resistance or
gravity.
The earth rotates once every 24
hours.
The escaped
prisoner was dragged out of his
hiding
place.
) revolve: To turn or move
in a circle (
绕转
around a central
point.
haul: It
implies continuous pulling or
dragging of
heavy or bulky objects.
or
ellipticalIt
circularindicates
)
椭圆
(
movement.
The
fisherman is
hauling a net.
The planets revolve around the
sun.
tug: It
applies to hard often sudden
violent effort to pull.
生气、气愤
10.
He tugged at my sleeve to
ask directions.
anger: The most general one.
jerk: To pull
suddenly.
easy to
get
angry.
易怒
(
) be cross:
Feeling
It
implies deviation from a standard
) indignation: (fml)
Anger.
愤慨
(
or
model
It stresses righteous anger at what
The accident
was caused by human considers unfair,
mean or shameful.
We expressed
our indignation at
)
defect: sth lacking or
毛病
(
缺点
ruthless exploitation.
It refers to
quality.(literary)
愤怒
) wrath: anger. Very treat (
because of
a suggests a desire on intent to
revenge
The radio was returned
or punish.
) blunder: A
very stupid or
过失
(
失误
)
rage: Wild, violent anger.(
狂怒
unnecessary
mistake.
It suggests
loss of self
-
control from
It implies ignorance.
violence of emotion. in a
rage /to fall into
This is the fatal blunder of his
life.
a rage.
图画
12. ) fury: Violent,
extreme (
暴怒
and
destructive
anger.
picture: The most general
one.
She flew
into a fury.
) painting: pictures with
color.(
彩图
11.
错误
)
drawing: A picture made with a pen,
图画绘画
(
pencil and
crayon. Sketch, diagrams and ) mistake: A wrong
thought, act. It(
误会
graphs are all can
make a s carelessness
A
bad point, but not of
弱点过错
) fault:(
)
sketch: A rough not
(
草图
detailed drawing.a serious
moral kind. It refers to
behavior and
character.
His only fault is that he
lacks
) diagram: A drawing,
figure
图表
(
图解
ambition.
that shows the
arrangement of something.
fault withfind
sb /
at fault
shortcoming:
) graph: A
diagram in which a(
曲线图
Weakness,
failing
straight line, curved, or
zigzag line shows
how two sets
of numbers or
measurements areIt refers to failures or
deficiencies in
related.
things as well as people.
In spite of all her
shortcomings I still
)
illustration: A picture to
go
插图
(
with words of a one she's think best
of the teachers
the
school.
) draft: The first rough
written form of
图样
(
草图
anything. )
error: A mistake (formal sometimes
疏忽
(
literary)
) peculiar: Strange or perhaps ( (
平面图
) plan: A
line
drawing of a building as it
独特的
been seen
from above.
It
implies strangeness. He has a
) elevation: A flat upright
side of a building.(
主视图
peculiar way of speaking.
)
chart: A map esp. a detailed map
海图
(
14.
取消、消灭
of a sea
area.
) cancel: To give up, to
declare
13.
特别
解除
(
取消
something is
to be effective.
)
special: Different in (
专门的
,
与众不同的
消
He has
cancelled his leave of absence.(
some way from
what is common, ordinary, or
)
假
usual.
It stresses
having a quality, character,
) abolish: To do away
with.
It
废止
(
废除
refers to practices,
social institutions. Bad
identity, or use of its own.
customs should be
abolished.
The
tube contains special
gases.
消灭
(
) eliminate:
To get rid of.
排
除
) especial: (fml) To an
usually (
特别的
We should eliminate the false and
retain great degree,
exceptional
the true.
It emphasizes
the importance of the things or the
撤消
(
)
repeal: To bring to an end of
废除
persons mentioned
the effect of a
law or an order. Somelaws should be
This is a
matter of especial ed.
or belonging( Relating
)
particular:
各别的
)
exterminate: To
destroy (
消灭根除
to only one thing or tely
and alism must be
exterminated.
It stresses the
distinctness of something
In
thatwhich
is
worth
notice.
as an
individual
破碎
15.
particular case, the rule doesn't
hold.(
)
适用
break: The most general one.
) specific:
Detailed and exact, (
特种的
) crush: To press together (
压破压碎
clear in
meaning and
explanation, fixed,
violently as to break, to
destroy its shape by determined.(used
in scientific articles)
squeezing it.
It suggests the effect of great
It implies a quality or
character
external pressure.
distinguishing
a kind or a species.
on top
of
the
car
and crushedfell The tree
gave me a very specific instruction.
There is a specific
tool for
each job.
) smash: To break
thoroughly to pieces (
打碎
with a crushing
sound.
It
suggests more general matters such She dropped the
plate
and smashed it.
as
government planning and finance.
)
crack: To break without (
打裂
in
these
countriessituationThe
politicalseparation of parts.
are always
changing.
It suggests the breaking out across
a surface. )
environment: The
外界周围
(
环境
circumstances, things and
conditions that
He cracked the window by
leaning against
influence
you. It
refers to spirit aspect,
it.
physical aspect and
material
aspect. We must try to
)
burst: To break open by
破
裂
(
pressure from fy our
environment.
in
theThe fireworks burstwhile they
were
形势
(
)
circumstance(s): A
situation
情况
of
atmosphere,or
event
around us,
a certain
the
conditions that
affect
pieces.
破碎
(
砸碎
) shatter:To break
into
the
circumstanceswhat happens. in
(under)
It
suggests the breaking up of a thin
surface. ) surrounding(s): The area (
周围事物环境
and environment around a
place or
The glass was shattered
to
pieces.
person. It
indicates a very narrow
) crash: To refer to the
vehicle which hits (
撞坏
condition,
physically sometimes
something and is badly
damaged.
reflects spiritual
aspect.
环境
16.
形势
They lived in hostile
surroundings.
)
conditions: The location
and
形势
(
环境
著名的
17.
other factors
likely to
well
-
known:
(infl)
affect it. It suggests
something that
famous: The most general one. widely
known or
has stayed the
same for
honored.
some time and which affects
daily life such as food,
work, and houses. ) distinguished:
Great,
杰出的知名的
(
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
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