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托福语法试题及答案讲解

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2021-01-30 10:28
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2021年1月30日发(作者:言出必行)


托福语法试题及答案讲解








托福语法试题


(



)






1. Frances Perkins




_________ of the United States cabinet




served in the cabinet as secretary of labor from 1933 to 1945.






A. the first female member






B. was the first female member






C. the first female member who






D. of whom the first female member






答案:


A






分析:主语同位语结构。


B


中多了一个谓语


was


,因为后面


已经有一个谓语动词


served




一个句子中出现


2


个谓语且没有


连接词就一定错


; C



who


多余,


用法也 不正确


;D



of whom



余,不是定语从句,考的是同位语结构。







参考译文:


Frances Perkins

< br>,是美国内阁的第一为女性成员,


她从


1933



1945


年在内阁担任劳工部秘书。







2. When _________ to dough


and heated




carbon dioxide is


released




causing the dough to rise.






A. is added baking powder






B. added baking powder is






C. is baking powder added






D. baking powder is added






答案:


D






分析:


W hen


为状语从句引导词


;


语序应该为 正常语序,


A



C


;B


语序混乱,


明显应该用被动 形式,


而且有固定结构


add to.






参考译文:


当把烘烤用粉加到面团里加热的时候,

< br>会释放出


二氧化碳,使得面团涨开。







3. _________ the percentage of individuals with similar traits in


succeeding generations




geneticists use the theory of probability.






A. The calculation of






B. To calculate






C. Is calculating






D. Calculated






答案:


B






分析:


to calculate


,这 里用不定式表示目的,前半句的逻辑


主语是


geneticis ts



只有


B


符合要求


;A


中只有主语,


句子不完整 。







参考译文:


遗传学家运用概率的理论 来计算在后代中拥有相


似特点个体占有的百分比。







补充:



如同


A


的形式,



逗号前面就是一个名词短语,




而正确的句子里,



名词短语要么作为主语的同位语,



要么本身


是主语,




11


题。



否则就是脱离句子成分,



成为错误。







4.


Big-band


uaaz


relies


on


fixed


arrangements




where_______than one instrument playing some of the parts




rather


than on improvisation.






A. is more






B. whenever more






C. there is more






D. more






答案:


C






分析:


where


引导状语从句,后面缺主 谓。







参考译文:


大型乐队爵士依赖于固定 的安排,


其中演奏相同


部分音乐的乐器超过一个,而不是现声发 挥。







5. Because of _________ diversity




seven separate groupings


or divisions of algae have been established by botanists.






A. them






B. so that






C. those






D. their






答案:


D






分析:


t hose


是泛指,这里应该用


their


来特指


seven separate


groupings or divisions of algae.






参考译文:因为海藻们的不同特性 ,植物学家把他们分成


7


个不同的组别或分支。







6.


Chromosomes


are


regarded


today


as


the


major


carriers


of


genetic material




_________ of DNA and various types of protein.






A. consisting






B. as to consist






C. consist






D. which consisting






答案:


A






分析:分词作状语。如果用


consist


的话,应该用个


conj.



面加个完 整的句子。







参考译文:


染色体现今被认为是主要的遗传物质携带者,



些遗传物质由


DNA


和各种各样的蛋白质组成。







7.


The


leopard


seal


is


the


only


pinniped


_________


preys


on


penguins and other seals.






A. that normally






B. of which it normally






C. normally






D. that it normally






答案:


A






分析:


句 中出现


is



preys


两个谓语动词,


一定是个复合句


;

< br>用


that


引导定语从句,


pi nniped


为先行词,


that


后为 不完整句。







参考译文:


美洲虎海豹是仅有的捕食企鹅和其他海豹的鳍足


类动物。







8. _________ nova means new




novas are actually stars that


have existed for a long time and suddenly flare into brilliance.






A. That






B. Why






C. Although






D. It is






答案:


C






分析:空格后有

< br>2


个完整句,空格处需要一个


conj.






参考译文:尽管


nova


意味着新的,但其 实新星们是存在了


很久而突然闪耀出光辉的恒星。







9.


Because


Mars


is


farther


from


the


Sun


than


_________




Mars takes longer to complete a revolution.






A. Earth is






B. is from Earth






C. what is Earth






D. is it Earth






答案:


A






分析:比较结构的对称性:


Mars is farther



than Earth is



is


后省略了


from the Sun






参考译文:


因为火星比地球离太阳要远,


火 星绕太阳转一圈


的时间要比地球长。







10. A social system is _________ of social relations that draws


the behavior of its members toward the core values of the group.






A. a complex network






B. how a complex network






C. a complex network and






D. a network that is complex






答案:


A






分析: 缺宾语。


B


中的从句只有主语,句子不完整,错


;C



and


作为连词,后面 缺谓语,错


;D


错,因为


of


前应该为名词。







参考译文:


社会系统就是一个社会关系的复杂网络,


这个网


络里把成员的 行为方式向核心价值观靠拢。












托福语 法试题


(



)






1. Bubbles




flaws




and other irregularities diffuse the light


that passes through stained glass




_________ the glass sparkle.






A. which making






B. and making






C. making






D. to making






答案:


C






分析:空格前的句子结构完整,这里的分词作状语。


A


中用


which


来引导非限制性定语从句,而句中无 谓语,错


;B



and



为连接词,而


and


后的句 子不完整,没有谓语,错


;D


错,不定


式的结构应该是


to do.






参考译文:


气泡,


裂纹和其他的不规则会使光线穿过受损的


玻璃时发散开 ,使得玻


?


辽练⒐狻


?BR

< p>
补充:



stained


glass


常指


教堂的彩色玻璃







2. Fog is common near ________ _ inland bodies of water and


along coasts in temperate zones.






A. there are large






B. large






C. either large






D. where large






答案:


B






分析:


A


使得句中出现两个谓语动词,


且中间无连接词,



;C


应该是


either or


结构,


但句中没有出现


or;D< /p>



where


引导的句子


不完整,错。







参考译文:


雾通常在靠近大型内陆水体和沿着温和地带边缘


的地方发生。







3. The portrayal of everyday life in the objects of folk art makes


it _________ valuable source of history.






A. and a






B. so that a






C. a






D. is a






答案:


C






分析:


make


结构,

make+n.1/pron+n.2/adj.






参考译文:


描述日常生活的民间艺术品使它们本身成为有价


值的历史来源。







4. _______ by the United States governments Bureau of Labor


Statistics




the


Consumer


Price


Index


compares


current


costs


of


goods and services with past costs.






A. To prepare






B. As it prepared






C. When preparation






D. Prepared






答案:


D






分析: 由后半句可以知道句子的逻辑主语应该是


Consumer


Price


Index




而且空格后是


by


,所以应该用被动形式,只能选

< p>
D.






参考译文:消费者价格索引是美国政府劳工统计部完成的,< /p>


它把现在的物品价格跟以前的做了比较。







5.


_________


carries


the


genes




which


determine


the


hereditary characteristics of the cell or organism.






A. The chromosome






B. The chromosome that






C. Whereas the chromosome






D. There is a chromosome






答案:


A






分析:


该 句是非限制性定语从句,


前半句已经有谓语和宾语,


缺主语,选


A.






参考译文:


染色体携带了遗传物质,


这些遗传物质决定了细

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