-
e
is
Culture
is
the
total
way
of
life
of
people,
composed
of
their
learned
and
shared
behavior patterns,
values, norms and material objects.
文化<
/p>
是习得的一套关于信仰，价值观，规范的公认的解释，这些信仰，价值观，规范对
相当大人类群体的行为产生影响。
2.
Communication
Communication is a form of human behavior derived
from a need to connect
and
interact
with
each
ication
is
a
process
of
exchanging
verbal
and
non
verbal
messages.
ts of
communication:
source,
encoding, message, channel, receiver, decoding,
receiver
response and feedback.
-context culture
:it's a
kind of culture in which people are very
homogeneous with regard
to experiences
,information networks ,and the like ,e.g. Chinese
,Japanese This means that people
in
these cultures emphasize interpersonal
relationships.
Developing trust is an
important first step
to any business
transaction.
Low-context
culture
:it's
a
kind
of
culture
in
which
the
population
is
less
homogeneous
and
therefore tends to
compartmentalize interpersonal contacts ,e.g.
American ,German. People from
low-
context cultures value logic, facts, and
directness.
uration
is the
socialization process you go through to adapt to
your society.
社会
文化适应：
人们学习适应自己所在社会的文化的社会化过程。
uration
refers to an
individual
’
s learning and
adopting the norms and values of the new
host culture.
文化适
应：
人们学习适应新文化的社会规范和价值观的过程。
7. Cultural Norms
are
culturally ingrained principles of correct and
incorrect behaviors which, if
broken
carry a form of overt or covert penalty.
规范指的是正确和不正确行为根深蒂固的文化原则，
这种不正确的行为一旦发生，<
/p>
就意
味着一种显性或隐性的处罚。
ultural communication
:
Intracultural communication refers to the exchange
of messages
between
members
of
the
dominant
culture
or
the
communication
in
which
one
or
both
of
the
participants hold dual or multiple
membership.
9.
内文化交际
intracultural
communication
is
defined
as communication
between
and
among
members of the same culture .
指同一文化内某成员之间的交际，
总的来说，
同一种族，
政治倾
向宗教，或者具有同样兴趣的人们之间的交际。
10.
跨民族交际
(
部族间交际
)
interethnic
communication
：
refers
to
communication
between
people
of
the
same
race
,but
different ethnic backgrounds .
指同一种族，不同民族背景的人们之间的交际。
11.
人际交际
interpersonal
communication
:
a
small
number
of
individuals
who
are
interacting
exclusively
with
one
another
and
who
therefore
have
the
ability
to
adapt
their
messages
specifically for
those others and to obtain immediate
interpretaions from them.
指少数人之间的交
往他们既能根据对方调整自己的信息，又能立即从对方那里获得解释。
12.
跨种族交际
interracial
communication:
occurs when the sender
and the receiver exchanging
messages
are from different races that pertain to different
physical characteristics.
指信息源和信
< br>息来自不同的种族，种族具有不同的身体特征。
Interracial
Communication( <
/p>
不同人种间
/
人种混合的交际
)
occurs
when
the
source
and
the
receiver exchanging
messages are from different races.
ation
is
process
of
communicating
back
and
forth for the
purpose
of
reaching
a
joint agreement about differing needs
or ideas.
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