-
with+
复合宾语
一、
with
的复合结构的构成
所谓“
with
的复合结构”即是“
with+
复合宾语”也即“
with +<
/p>
宾语
+
宾语补足语”
的结构。其中的宾语一般由名词充当
(
有时也可由代词充当
)
；而宾语补足语则是根据具体的
需要
由形容词，副词、介词短语，分词短语
(
包括现在分词和过去分
词
)
及不定式短语充当。
下面结合例句
就这一结构加以具体的说明。
1
、
with
+
宾语
+
形容词作宾补
①
He slept well
with all the windows
open.(82
年高考题
)
上面句子中形容词
open
作
with
的宾词
all the
windows
的补足语，
②
It
’
s
impolite to talk with your mouth full of
food.
形容词短语
full of
food
作宾补。
Don't sleep
with the window open in winter.
2
、
with+
宾语
+
副词作宾补
with John away, we have got more room.
He was lying in
bed with all his clothes on.
③
Her baby is
used to sleeping with the light on.
句中的<
/p>
on
是副词，作宾语
the
light
的补
足语。
④
The boy
can
t play with his father in.
句中的副词
in
作宾补。
3
、
wit
h+
宾语
+
介词短语。
we sat on the grass
with our backs to the wall.
his wife came down the stairs,with her
baby in her arms.
They
stood with their arms round each other.
With tears of joy in her
eyes ,she saw her daughter married.
⑤
She saw a brook with red
flowers and green grass on both
sides.
句中介词短语
on both
sides
作宾语
red
flowersandgreen grass
的宾补，
⑥
There were rows
of white houses with trees in front of
them.
，介词短语
in front of
them
作宾补。
4
、
wit
h+
宾词
+
分词
(
短语
)
这一结构中作宾补用的分词有两种，一是现在分词，二是过去分词，一般来说，当分
词所表示的动作跟其前面
的宾语之间存在
主动关系则用现在分词，若是被动关系，则用过
去分词。
⑦
In parts of
Asia you must not sit with your feet pointing at
another person.(
高一第十课
)
，
句中用现在分词
pointing
at
…作宾语
your feet
的补
足语，是因它们之间存在主动关系，或者
说
point
这一动作是
your
feet
发出的。
All the
afternoon he worked with the door locked.
She sat with her head bent.
She did not answer, with her eyes still
fixed on the wall.
The day was
bright,with a fresh
breeze(
微风）
blowing.
I won't be able to go on
holiday with my mother being ill.
With
winter coming on,it is time to buy warm clothes.
He soon fell asleep with
the light still burning.
⑧
From
space
the
earth
looks
like
ahuge
water
covered
globe,with
a
few
patches of
land
stuking out above the
water.
用过去分词作宾补：
⑨
The murderer was brought in
,with his hands tied back.
。
但当
wi
th
的复合结构中语是表示人体部位名称的名词时，作宾补用的分词是现在分
词是过去分词，则应视这
一动词而定。一般来说
，若此动词是及物动词则用其过去分词形
式，
若是不及物动词，
则用其现在分词形式。
⑩
An old man was lying there
with his eyes shut.
此句中
shut
是及物动词，故用其过去分词
He lay on his
back with his eyes looking straight up
为不及物动词，故用现
在分词。
5
、
wit
h+
宾语
+
不定式短语。
I can't
go out with you, with much homework to be
done.
句中的宾补由
to be done
这一不
定式的被动结构充当，表示
do
这一动作的将来含义或未完成之意，用其被动态则说明其与
宾语之间存在被动关
系。
With five minutes to go before the last
train left,we arrived.
I can't go out with all these dishes to
wash.
So in the
afternoon, with nothing to do, I went around the
school.
With
such an experienced teacher to teach us English,we
are very happy.
6,with+
宾语
+
名词
He
died in the battle with his son only a ten-month-
old baby.
二、
with
的复合结构的用法
1
，在句子中
with
结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条
件
< br>
She came into
the room
，
with her nose red
because of cold.
（
with+
名词
+
形容词，
作伴
随状语）
With the meal
over
，
we all
went home.
（
with+
名
词
+
副词，作时间状语）
The master was walking up and down with
the ruler under his arm
。
（
with+
名词
+
介
词短
语，作伴随状语。
）
The teacher entered the
classroom with a book in his hand.
He
lay in the dark empty
house
，
with not a man
，
woman or child to say he
was kind to
me.
（
w
ith+
名词
+
不定式，作伴随状语）
He could
finish it with me to help him.
（
with+
代词
+
不定式，作条件状语）
She fell asleep with the light burning.
（
with+
名词
+
现在分词
，作伴随状语）
而在下面句子中因<
/p>
with
的宾语跟其宾补之间存在被动关系，故
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