关键词不能为空

当前您在: 主页 > 英语 >

六级语法长难句讲义(1)

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-01-30 05:53
tags:

-

2021年1月30日发(作者:超灵)



六级语法长难句讲义



主编




许密衫


1







第一节



简单句




句子的成分



主语

、谓语、宾语、定语、


补语



状语



表语


七种。




主语:发出动作


(

< br>名词、代词、动名词


)




名词




代词



人称代词:(主格)


I, you, she, he


,(宾格)


him



m e



. He love me.



物主代词:


my,


you’re,


his, her



反身代词:


myself, yourself,




动名词:


doing



going




谓语:动词




实意动词




系动词



Be


动词


:is, am, are



感官动词:


feel, seem, hear




情态动词:


can, may, could, would





宾语:承受动作(动作的承受者,名词,代词)



. I love


a girl.




表语:系动词后面出现的




.



I am a girl.




宾语与主语的区别:取决于前面的宾语




状语:时间、地点、目的、方式、条件、原因、结果





2





什么是简单句



相对于从句而言,没有从句的可认为是简单句




主语


部分(


subject group




谓语


部分(


predicate group





. Professor Ward teaches English to university students.





简单句类型









主语< /p>


+


不及物动词



. He smell.












主语< /p>


+


及物动词


+


宾 语



. I love a girl.



主语


+

< br>不及物动词


+


介词


+

< p>
宾语



. I wait for you .









表:












宾:



直接宾语,间接宾语



I give


you



a book


.











宾补


(


补语:形容词、短语、名词


)



I find it


interesting


.


我发现它很有趣。



I make you


happy


.





3



简单句例句



1)


The household survey has a larger problem.



2013



6




1


套/第


1


篇/第


4


段/第


1


句)



S



The household survey



V



has




2) That makes finding a solution all the more difficult



2013



6


月第


1


套/第


1


篇/第


2


段/第


5


句)< /p>


.



S



That



V



makes




3) The urge




to quantify



is embedded in our society



2013



6


月第


1


套/第


1


篇/第


5


段/第< /p>


1


句)


.



量化的冲动根植于于我们的社会中



I have a plan (


to carry out


).



我有一个(


要执行的)


计划。



To do


不定式做定语。




4)


People are generally being given bad advice


to slow


down,take it easy, stop worrying, and retire to Florida.



2013

< p>


12


月第


2

< p>
套/第


1


篇/第


2


段/第


3


句)




主干:


People are generally being given bad advice.




具体建议的内容


:

< br>简单句的扩充



星期六


(时间状 语)


我们


(主语)


在腾讯课堂


(地点状语)



(谓


语 )


四级


(宾语)。







4





并列句与从句



1


)“We’


re not educating people about the problem, and


it



s getting worse.



(2014



6


月/第一篇/第四段/第二句)




并列句(不是从句,原因:没有自己的引导词)



引导词:


and but or


不是从句的引导词!




从句引导词:


Why what when where who which how that if be-


cause so as since




2


)“You


justify


carrying devices around the hospital to do


medical records, but you can surf Internet or do Facebook, and


sometimes Facebook is more


tempting,”


said Dr. Peter Papadakos


at the University of Rochester Medical Center.



2 014



6


月第


3


套/第


1


篇/第

< br>3


段/第


1


句)



并列句(不是从句,原因:没有自己的引导词)




3



The UK enjoys an excellent reputation around the world


for the high quality of our education system, so the government


needs to ensure that institutions have all the support they need


to attract international students who make a tremendous academ-


ic, cultural and economic contribution to the

< br>UK.”(


2013



12


月第


3


套/第


2< /p>


篇/第


4


段/第


2


句)



从句



结果状语从句



宾语从句



定语从句




4



When young women were found to make only 82%of what their


male peers do just one year out of college, many were at a loss


to explain it.(2014



6


月/第一篇/第 一段/第一句)



从句



时间状语从句



宾语从句




5



What has changed, say doctors


(插入语)


, especially


younger ones, is that they face increasing pressure to interact


with their devices.(2014



6


月/第


1


篇/第< /p>


6


段/第


2


句)



从句



主语从句



表语从句




5


6


)Today’s


young adults were raised by parents who made


sure to boost their self-esteem at every turn, telling them they


could achieve whatever they set their minds to, and handing out


prizes for the sixth place. (2014



6


月/第


2


篇/第


6


段/第

< p>
3


句)



从句



定语从句



宾语从句




7



I have closely watched my generation,


known as the Mil-


lennials,


for 29 years n ow.(2014



6


月/第


2


篇/第


1


段/第


1


句)



非谓语动词




I have closely watched my generation,


known



=which is


known



as the Millennials,


for 29 years now




非谓语动词做状语







复合句与从句



复合句(


Compound Sentence


)分为并列复合句和主从或从属复合


句,并列复合句是有


并列连词



and



or



but


连接;


从属复合句由一


个主句(


Principal Clause)


和一个或一个以上的从句


(Subordina te


Clause)


构成




从句:



1)



有自己的主谓



2)


有引导词(引导词有时候可以省略)。



6



第二节



从句的概念



从句:



1)


有自己的主谓




2)


有引导词(引导词有时候可以省 略)。



简单句从句



1



Not surprisingly, the costs are steep


< p>
2013



12


月第


1



/第


1


篇/第


1


段/第


2< /p>


句)


.




2



This is hardly revolutionary, but it is presented in a


charming format



2 013



6


月第


1


套/第


2


篇/第

< br>3


段/第


3


句)


.




3



With no sign of a new budget to close this gulf, one


credit agency has already downgraded California's debt.




4



For most of the 20th century


(状语)


the home of Silicon


Valley and Hollywood has been the brainier and trendier of the


two. < /p>



2014



6


月第


1


套/第


2


篇/第


1


段/第

2


句)


.




5



Technology can make us smarter or stupider, and we need


to develop a set of principles to guide our everyday behavior


and make sure that


(宾语从句)


tech is improving and not imped-


ing our mental processes.



2014



6


月第


1


套/第


2


篇/第


3


段/


3


句)


.




6



Indeed, evidence from cognitive science challenges the


notion that


(同位语从句)


skills can exist independent of factu-


al knowledge.



2014



6


月第


1


套/第


2


篇/第


3


段/第


3


句)


.


7


第三节



主语从句




什么是主语从句



引导词



t


hat when why how whether what which who



1




主语的部分是一个句子。



这件事让我很郁闷。



It makes me depressed.



(That he left )makes me depressed.



That


是不能省略的。




2




(


明天什么时候开会


)

还没有定下来。



(When we shall hold the meeting) is not decided yet.




汉语多话题




英语多主语




例句



1) A


ccounts suggest that he was subjected to cruel beatings


and emotional torture,


and


that he was humiliated (


羞辱


) con-


stantly by his father,What


(主语从句)


sets


Jackson’s


family


apart is that


(表语从句)


his father used his reign of terror to


train his children as musicians and dancers


< p>
2013



6


月第


1


套/



2


篇/第


4


段/第


2


句)


.



此处


that


不能省略,


and


并列句中


that


不可省略



Train sb


as……



让杰克逊家庭分崩离析的是他父亲用自己的暴政(威慑手段)来训练


孩 子成为歌手和舞者。




8


2



It is essential that a meeting be convened this week.



That a meeting be convened this week is essential.



本周开会有必要



为了避免头重脚轻



经常用

< p>
IT


做形式主语。




It is appropriate that this tax (should) be abolished.




That this tax should be abolished



is appropriate



废除这项税很合适、恰当。




It’s


unfair that so many people should lose their jobs.




That so many people should lose their jobs



is unfair.



很多人要失去他们的工作不公平。




3



Furthermore


it


is


obvious


||that



the


strength


of


a


country‘s


economy is directly bound


up


with


the efficiency of


its agriculture and industry



,|| and that



this in turn rests


upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds



.




再者,显而易见的是,一个国家的经济实力与其工农业生产效 率密切


相关,而效率的提高又有赖于各种科技人员的努力。




That


主语从句引导词




That


并列



不能省略




S1



the strength of a


country‘s


economy is directly bound


up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry





this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and


technologists of all kinds




V1 is



S2 the strength of a


country‘s


economy this



V2 is bound up with; rests upon





4



(That he is still alive) is a wonder.



他还活着真是一个奇迹。



主句的主语


S1



That he is still alive



9


主句的谓语


V1



is



从句的主语


S2



he



从句的谓语


V2



is




Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen.



主句的主语


S1



Whether it will do us harm



主句的谓语


V1



remains



从句的主语


S2



it



从句的谓语


V2



will do



它是否会对我们造成伤害



还有待观察





Whoever is top



wins the game



when two matched players


meet



.



两强相争勇者胜。



主句的主语


S1





Whoever is top




主句的谓语


V1



wins



从句的主语


S2



Whoever



从句的谓语




is




When we arrive


doesn’t


matter.




Matter


动词



很重要


It matters.



主句的主语


S1 When we arrive



主句的谓语


V1


doesn’t


matter.



从句的主语


S2 we



从句的谓语


V2 arrive




What we need is money.



S1



what we need


v1



is


s2



we


v2



need




10


1


)他说的话我不明白。


What he said is not clear to me.


(主


语从句)



2


)我不明白他说的话。


I


don’t


understand what he said.


(宾


语从句)



11



第四节



宾语从句



宾语从句



1




动词


+


宾从



I said( that I wanted to leave).



2




介词< /p>


+


宾语从句



I am interested in( what you said).



3




形容词


+


宾语



I am glad( that you could come here).





此处


that

最好不要省略




及物动词后的宾语从句



I remember (that we have learned this word before).



S1



I



V1



remember



S2



we



V2



have learnt




真题解析



1




Directionally, they capture the trends, but the


idea that we know precisely how many are unemployed is a


myth



2013



6

月第


1


套/第


1

< br>篇/第


2


段/第


3


句)


.




the idea that we know



how many are unemployed



is a


myth



及物动词


+


宾语从句



the idea is a myth


。主干。



12


同位语从句


+

< br>宾语从句




Miss wang, our teacher, (


同位语


)came in the class-


room.




名词后面可以跟定语从句。



THAT


同位语从句




2




Demographers reckon that three-quarters of humani-


ty could be city-dwelling by 2050, (


with


(伴随状语)


most


of the increase coming


into fast-growing towns of Asia and


Africa)< /p>



2013



6


月第


1


套/第


2


篇/第


2


段/第

2


句)


.



S1



Demographers



V1



reckon



S2



three- quarters of humanity



V2



could be



人口学家认为四分之三的人类到


2050


年将成为城市居民,大


部分人的增长都是在亚洲和非洲 的城市里。




With


的复合结构



With sb. Doing


做某事




doing


不是表示时态,而是表示主


动)



With sth. Done


被做(


done


不是表示时态,而是表示被动)




With the society developing, cities are becoming


crowd.



With the work done, I can go out now.




With many guests to be paid a visit to,



With many guests visiting,


有很多客人到访



13


makes climate more extreme


(< /p>


2013



6


月 第


3


套/第


2


篇/



1


段/第


1


句)


.




3




He claims (that global warming caused the current


drought in


America’s


Midwest), and( that


supposedly


rec-


ord-high corn prices could cause a global food crisis)


< p>
2013



6


月第


3


套/第


2


篇/第< /p>


2


段/第


2


句)


.


4



< /p>


宾语从句中


That


可以省略,但是两个 宾语从句并列




省略


That



他认为全球变暖引起了美国中西部的干旱, 而且


很有可能发生


的是,创造历史新高的玉米价格会引起全球范 围的食物危机。



S1



he



V1



claims



S2



global warming; record-high corn prices



V2



caused could cause



4.2



介词后宾语从句



4



The payroll survey also


doesn’t


capture the number of


self-employed, and so says little about



how many people are


generating an independent in come


)(


2013



12


月第


1


套/第


1


篇/



3

< p>
段/第


5


句)



S1


主句的主语


The payroll survey



V1


主句的谓语



doesn’t


capture



says



S2


从句的主语


people



V2


从句的谓语


are generating



关于工资单的调查没有抓住(记录)那 些自主创业谋生的人


数,而且在拥有独立的收入的人数这个问题上提及的很少。




6



But in the course of trying to do so


(在试图这么做的过程


中)


, they generated a lot of ideas about


the nature of the


problems


and about



what potential solutions would look lik


e





2013



12

月第


1


套/第


1

< br>篇/第


3


段/第


5


句)


.



S1


主句的主语



they



14


V1


主句的谓语



generated



S2


从句的主语



potential solutions



V2


从句的谓语



would look lik


e




7



And when the two groups were tested on what


they’d



learned the second group


“significantly



outperformed”


the


first



2013


< p>
12


月第


1


套/第


1


篇/第


5


段/第< /p>


6


句)


.




And when the two groups were tested on



what


they’d



learned





the second group


“significantly



outperformed”


the first



当两组被测试关于他们学到了什么的时候,第二组 明显表现好于第一


组。



S1


主句的主语



the second group



V1


主句的谓语



outperformed



S2


从句的主语



the two groups



V2


从句的谓语



were tested



S3 they



V3 had learned



1




反语


Irony


当他娶了这个女人的 时候,他的人生“走向


了巅峰”。



2




Lin da


说;“他的人生走向了巅


峰。”············ 当他娶了这个女人的时候,他的


人生“走向了巅峰”。






15



第五节



表语从句




表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的,表语常


由名词、形容词、副词 、介词短语、不定式、动词的


-ing


、从句来充





< br>位







be,


become,


appear,


seem,


look,


sound,


feel, get, smell


等词)之后。如果句子的表 语也是由一个句子充当


的,那么这个充当表语的句子就叫做表语从句。

< br>




1



The problem is that the statistics


aren’t


an objective


measure of reality; they are simply a best approximation.



2013



6


月第


1


套/第


1


篇/第


2


段/第


3


句)< /p>




2



Democrats and Republicans can and will take sides on a


number of issues, but a more crucial concern is that both are


basing major policy decisions on guesstimates rather than look-


ing at the vast wealth of raw data with a critical eye and an


open mind



2013



6


月第


1


套/第


1< /p>


篇/第


5


段/第


3


句)


.




3



His main thesis is that the buzz of urban life, and the


opportunities it offers for com- operation and collaboration, is


what attracts people to the city which in turn makes cities into


the engines of art, commerce, science and progress


< br>2013



6




1


套/第


2


篇/第


3


段/第


2

< p>


.




4



All


in


all,


if


you


want


to


bring


up


a


Mozart


or


Bach


,


the


key


factor


is


how


hard


you


are


prepared


to


crac


k


the


whip



2013



6


月第


1


套/第


2


篇/第


6


段/第


1



.).




16


5



That’s



why


we


establish


or


reestablish


connection


by


gr


eeting


strangers


and


friends


with


a


handshake



2013

< p>


6




3


套/第


1


篇/第

< p>
4


段/第


6


< p>
.).


17

-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



本文更新与2021-01-30 05:53,由作者提供,不代表本网站立场,转载请注明出处:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao/589640.html

六级语法长难句讲义(1)的相关文章