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英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析
(1)
【阅读练习】
What is it
about Americans and food? We love to
eat ,but we feel 1 about it afterward.
We say we want o
nly the
best, but we strangely enjoy junkfood.
re 2 with health and weight loss but
face an unprec
edented
epidemic of obesity(
肥
胖
).
Perhaps the 3 to this ambivalence(
矛盾情
结
) lies in our history. The first
Europeans cameto
this continent
searching for new spices but went i
n vain. The first cash crop(
经济作
物
)
wasn
’t
eaten but smoked.
Then there was Prohibi
tion, intended
to prohibit drinking butactually enc
ouraging more 4 ways of doing
it.
The immigrant
experience, too, has been one of inha
rmony. Do as Romans do meanseating
what
“
real
icans
”
eat, but
our
nation
’s
food has come to
be
5 by imports
—
pizza,say, or
hot dogs. And some of t
.
We
’
Amer
.
he
country
’s
most treasured
cooking comes from peo
ple whoarrived
here in shackles.
Perhaps it
should come as no surprise then that
foo
d has been a medium for
the nation
’
sdefining strug
gles,
whether at the Boston Tea Party
or the sit?in
s at southern
lunch is integral to our
concepts of
health and even morality whether one
re
frains from alcohol forreligious reasons or evades
meat for political 6
But strong opinions have not brought 7
. Americans
are ambivalent about what
they putin their mouths.
We have become
8 of our foods, especially as we
lea rn
more about what theycontain.
The 9 in food is still prosperous in
the American c
onsciousness. It
’s
no coincidence, then,that
the f irst
Thanksgiving holds the
American imagination in such
bondage(
束
缚
).
It
’s
whatwe
eat
—
and how we
10 it with friend
.
.
s, family, and
strangers
—
that help define America
as acommunity today.
A. answer I. creative
B. result J. belief
C. share K. suspicious
D. guilty L. certainty
E. constant M. obsessed
F. defined N. identify
G. vanish O. ideals
H. adapted
【答案及
解】
1.
D feel
是一个系
，可以判断此
填入一个形
容
，通
上下文意思，以及后面介
about,
可以确定
D
guilty,
短
feel guilty
about
sth.
感到有愧”。全句的意思
“我
很
吃，但是往往在吃完
之后又有
罪感”。
2.M be
obsessed with
固定搭配，原意
“被??
附上
/
住
/
迷住心
”，放在本句表示“十分重
”。全句
的意思
“我
很关心健康和减肥，但肥胖却又空前地在蔓
延”。
3. A
本句缺一个名
作主
，并且根据和介
配，可以推断出正确
answer.
.
to
的搭
“ ??
.
4.
I
本句根据
more
和
ways
可以判断出需要填入一个形容
构成比
，根据上下文，表示“旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒
令，却激
了更多新奇的方法来酗酒”，可以
确定
I
正
确
。
5.
F
本
。根据
be
和
by
确定
填入一个
去分
。再根据上下
文，上文表示“
吃典型的美国人吃的食物”，下文通
but
折，表
示
上“美国的食物已
被
如比
和
狗
的舶来品所
了”，因此可以
确定
F
正确
。
6.B
政治
果，可根据宗教原因
推断此
填政治
果。
7. L
由于横
后面没有
，可以确定不是形成
的短
，
本句所缺的
一名
，做
bring
religious reasons
来
bring
的
。根据
度是矛盾的”，
下文解
，“美国人
他
所吃的食物的
可以推出本句意
“
定的
点也不是确定不
的”。因
此可以确定
L
正确
。
8.
K
系
become
后
填入一个形容
，和后面介
of
形成短
be/become suspicious o
疑”。
9.
J
本句缺一个名
作主
，并且根据和介
配，可以推断出正确
belief
，
in
的搭
f
“
??感到
(have)belief in
.
sth.
“
相信??”。
.
10.
C
本句是一般现在时，缺一个动词，且和
with
搭
配，确定选项为
share,
share sth.
withsb.,
“与某人分
享某事”。
英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析
(2)
【阅读练习】
Baekeland
and Hartmann report that the
“
short
slee
pers
”
had been more or less
average in their sleep
needs until the
men were in their teens. But atabou t
age 15 or so, the men voluntarily began
cutting d
own their nightly sleep time
becauseof pressures fr
om school, work,
and other activities. These men te
nded
to view their nightlyperiods of unconsciousnes
s as bothersome interruptions in their
daily routin es.
In general,
these
“
short
sleeps
”
appeared
ambitio
us, active,
energetic, cheerful,conformist(
不动
摇
) in their opinions, and very sure
about their ca
.
.
reer choices. They often heldseveral
jobs at once,
or workers full-or part-
time while going to school.
And many of them hada strong urge to
appear
“
norm al
”
or
“
acceptable
”
to their friends and
associa
tes.
When asked to recall their dreams,
the
“
short
slee
pers
”
did poorly. More than
this, theyseemed to pr
efer not
remembering. In similar fashion, their usu al
way of dealing withpsychological
problems was to
deny that the problem
existed, and then to keep bu
sy in
thehope that the trouble would go away.
The sleep patterns of the
“
short
sleepers
”
were
s
imilar to, but less
extreme than, sleeppatterns sho
wn by many mental patients categorized
as manic(
疯
人
).
The
“
long
sleepers
”
were quite
different indeed.
Baekeland and
Hartmann report thatthese young men h
ad been lengthy sleeps since childhood.
They seemed
to enjoy their
sleep,protected it, and were quite
.
.
concerned when they were occasionally
deprived of
t heir desired 9hours of
nightly bed rest. They tende
d to
recall their dreams much better than did the
“
shortsleepers.
”
Many of
the
“
long
sleepers
”
were
shy, anxious, in
troverted (
内向
), inhibited
(
压
抑
),passive,
mildly depressed, and unsure of themse
lves (particularly in social
situations). Severalop enly
states that
sleep was an escape from their dai ly
problems.
1.
According to
the report,______.
A)
many short sleepers need less sleep by
nature
B)
many
short
sleepers
are
obliged
to
reduce
their nightly sleep
time because they arebusy with
their
work
C)
long
sleepers sleep a longer period of time duri
ng the day
.
.
D)
many long sleepers preserve their
sleeping
habit formed during their
childhood
2. Many
“
short sleepe rs
”
are likely to hold the v
iew
that _____.
A)
sleep is a
withdrawal from the reality
B)
sleep
interferes with their sound judgement
C)
sleep is the
least expensive item on their
routi ne
program
D)
sleep
is the best way to deal with psychological
troubles
3.
It is stated in the third paragraph
that short s
leepers _____.
A)
are ideally
vigorous even under the pressures of
life
.
.
B)
often neglect the consequences of
inadequate sle
ep
C)
do not know
how to relax properly
D) are more
unlikely to run into mental problems
4.
When sometimes
they cannot enjoy adequate sleep,
the
long sleepers might ____.
A)
appear disturbed
B)
become
energetic
C)
feel
dissatisfied
D)
be extremely depressed
5.
Which of the
following is Not included in the
pa
ssage?
A)
If one
sleeps inadequately, his performance suff
ers and his memory is weakened
B)
The sleep
patterns of short sleepers are exactly
the sane as those shown by manymental
patients
.
.
C)
Long and short sleepers differ in their
attitude s towards sleep
D)
Short sleepers
would be better off with more res
t
【答案及详解】
答案：
DCBAB
贝克尔和哈特曼报道说，“睡眠少的人”在未进入
少年
期之前，其正常睡眠时间大致与所需要的时间差不多。但到
了
15
岁左右，由于学校、工作或其它
活动
的地压力，他们
就故意地减少了夜间睡眠的时间。这些人持有这样的观点：
夜间睡眠是一件令人讨厌的事情，打断了日常事务。
总的说来，这些“睡眠少的人”表现得雄心勃勃、积极
活跃、精力充沛、无意识乐观豁达、立场坚定，对自己职业
的选择胸有成竹。他们往往同时从事几
项工作，或者一边
上学读书，一边从
事专职或兼职工作。其中许多人有强烈愿
望，想在朋友和熟人面前表现得“正常”或“合
群”。
当让他们回忆梦境时，“睡眠少的人”回忆不起什么
来。更有甚者，他们似乎情愿什么都记不住。类似的情况是
他们通常处理心理问题的方式：不承认问
题的存在，希望只要
忙忙碌碌，麻烦总会过去的。
.
.
“睡眠少的人”的睡眠模式与被划
入疯子之类精神病
患者的睡眠模式十分相似，只不过没有那么严重而已。
“睡眠多的人”情形则
大不相同。贝克尔和哈特曼报道
说，这些年轻人从小的，有抱负的睡眠就一直很长。他们
好
像注重睡眠，不让睡眠受打搅。偶尔没
有所需的
9
个小时夜间
卧床休息，他们便会十分不安。他们比“睡眠少的人”
要更能回忆得起梦的内容。
许多“睡眠多的人”腼腆、
焦躁、内
向、压抑、消极和稍微
有点儿沮丧，尤其在社交场合缺乏自信。好
几个人坦言，睡眠是摆脱
每天烦恼的一种方式。
英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析
(3)
【阅读练习】
Upon reaching an appropriate age
(usually between
1 8and 21 years),
children are encouraged, but not fo
rced, to
“
leave the nest
”
and begin
anindependent
life.
After children leave home they often
find so
cial
relationship and financialsupport outside the
family. Parents do not arrange
marriages for their
.
.
children, nor
do childrenusually ask permission of
their parents to get married, Romantic
love is most
often the
basisfor marriage in the United States;
young adults meet their future spouses
(
配
偶
) through
otherfriends, at jobs, and in organizat
ions and religious institutions,
Although children
choose theirown
spouses, they still hope their
pare nts
will approve of their choices.
In many families, parents feel that
children should
make major
life decisions bythemselves. A parent m
ay try to influence a child to follow a
particular
profession but the childis
free to choose another c
areer.
Sometimes children do precisely the
opposite
of what
theirparents wish in order to assert their
independence. A son may deliberately
decide not to
gointo
his
father
’s
business because of a
fear th
at he will lose his
autonomy in his
father
’
sworkpl
ace. This independence from parents is
not an indic
ation that parents and
children donot love each oth
er. Strong
love between parents and children is uni
versal and this is noexception in the
American fami
.
.
ly Coexisting
with such love in the American family
are culturalvalues of self
–
reliance and indepen
dence.
1.
The writer discusses the marriage of
young adult
s in order to show which of
thefollowing?
A)
They enjoy the freedom of choosing
their spouses
.
B)
They want to
win the permission of their parents
.
C)
They have a strong desire to become
independent.
D)
They want to challenge the authority of
their pa
rents.
2.
Most young
adults in the U.S. get married for th
e
sake of ____.
A)
love
B)
financial concern
.
.
C)
their parents
D)
family background
3.
Based on the
passage, it can be assumed that ___
___.
A)
American young adults are likely to
follow the
s uit of their parents
B)
most American
people never make major decisions
for
their children
C)
American young adults possess cultural
values of
independence
D)
once a young
person steps into his twenties,
he will
leave his home permanently
4. A son is
unwilling to work in his
father
’s
busi
ness mainly because
_____.
.
.
A)
he wishes to make full use of what he
has learnt
in school
B)
he wants to
prove his independence
C)
he wishes to do the opposite of what
his parents
approve of
D)
he wants to
show his love for his parents
5.
The subject
matter of this selection is _____.
A)
family values
B)
marriage
arrangements
C)
the pursuit of a career
D)
decision
making
【答案及详解】
答案：
CACBA
子女一旦到适当年龄
(
通常是
18
至
21
岁
)
，要鼓励而不
< br>是强迫他们“离开窝的，财政的巢”，开始独立生活。小孩
离开家后，往往在外能够与人交
往，并自谋出路。父母不
为子女安排婚姻，子女结婚也通常无需获得父母同意。在美
国，浪漫的爱情往往是婚姻的基础，
青年人通过朋友在学校、
.
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