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Unit 2
England
before the industrial Revolution
工业革命前的英国状况
The
country
was
a
place
(
乡村)
where men
worked
f
rom dawn to dark
, and the
labourer
lived not in the
sun
, but
in poverty and
darkness
.
在乡村,
p>
人们从早到晚都在不停的干活,
这些在田野间劳作的人们,
并非
沐浴在阳光之
下
,
而是生活在贫困和黑暗之中。
The country
a
place :
是表语
,
表达主语的性质,功能,特点
Work : avoid ambiguity
from dawn to dark
:aliiteration
从早到晚
the labourer
:
在田间劳作的人们
lived in
the sun :
沐浴在阳光下
but in poverty and darkness.
穷困潦倒,暗无天日
What aids there
were to lighten labour
were
immemorial
, like the mill,
which
There
were what aids to lighten labour
整个句子主语(系表结构)
was
already ancient in Chaucer
’
s
time.
能够减轻人体力劳动力的机器早就有了
。例如:磨坊,早在乔叟的年代就不是什么新鲜的
事了
< br>(
乔叟
13
< br>世纪中后期
)
。
Definit
ion
下定义法
What
aids: n.
什么帮助
lighten labour ---lessen
减轻劳动
immemorial
:不知道从哪个年代都有了
The
mill
:磨坊
was already ancient in +
时间
time
:在某个时代早就不是什么新鲜事了
The
industrial
revolution
began
with
such
machines;
the
millrights
were
the
engineers
of
t
he
coming age.
这些机器都标志着工业革命的开始;
这些最早搭建磨坊的工匠们,
就成为工业革命时代的
缔
造者
。
With :
以什么作为开始的标志
millright s:
修磨坊的人
the
engineer :
缔造者
开创者
The coming
age :
即将到来的新时代
(工业革命)
Jmaes brindley of
Staffordshire
started his self-made
career in 1733 by working at mill wheels,
主语
谓语
at the age of seventeen,
having been born poor in a village.
(
p>
现在分词完成式突出动作的先后顺序)伴随状语
Jmaes
brindley
詹姆斯
·布林德雷生于斯塔夫郡,一个贫困的农村家庭。在
1733
年
,也就
是他十七岁那一年,从改良磨坊里的车轮白手起家,开创事业。
< br>
Jmaes brindley
of
Staffordshire
=in a village
Be born poor
生于一个贫穷的家庭。
self-made
career
:自主创业,
白手起家
by working at mill wheels
:
改良(根据下文)
磨坊的车轮
1
Brindley
’
s
improvements were practical: to sharpen and step
up the
performance
of the
water
(因为有了
pract
ical
才会有
sharpen and set
up
)
前后因果关系和目的的关系
,
名词决定动词意思
wheel
as a
machine.
(修饰的
performances
)
因为实用性的加强,水车的机械效能大大加强
Improvement =
working at
改良
(pun
双关语
)
推动了工业革命的发展
practical :
使用的
To :
解释,说明
那就是
water wheel =
mill wheel
车轮
the
performance
of the water
wheel
借喻
metonymy
.
车轮的性能
sharpen and step up
:同义词连用加强语
气。大大加强,大
大提高
Reiteration
重复
It was the first multi-purpose machine
for the new industries.
第一台多功能的机械就在新工业体
系中
诞生
了
Brindley worked,
for
example
, to improve the grinding of
flints, which were used in the rising
pottery industry.
非限制性定于从句在翻译中一定要另起一句
< br>Brindley
的改良过程
可见一斑
< br>,他长期致力于燧石碾磨过程的改良。燧石用于新型的制陶业
当中。
Work to do sth =try to do sth =be
dedicated to doing sth
Grind :
打磨
grinding
碾磨过程
flints
燧石
rising pottery
industry.
新型的制陶业
行业领域
Yet there was a
bigger
movement
in the air
by
1750.
然而到了
1750
p>
年为止,一场比改良运动
更为声势浩大
的运
动在酝酿之中。
in the
air
:
酝酿
water had become the
engineer
’
s element, and men
like brindley
were possessed
by
it.
1.
工程师们纷纷开始用水做文章,像
brindley
这样的人对水都着了迷。
2.
水成了工程师们大显身手的对象
the engineer
’
s
p>
element
,
:某物是某人的
囊中之物
were
possessed by:
be fascinated by
着迷
Water was
gushing and
fanning out
all over the countryside .
1.
水奔腾在英国的乡村各地
。
2.
水在农村到处涌流漫溢。
Gushing
湍流
涌流
fanning ou t
漫溢
It
was
(
not
simply
)
a source
of power,
it was
a new wave of movement
.
James Brindley as a
不译,强调后者
pioneer
in the art of
building canals or,
as it
was
then called,
‘
navigation
’
.
(翻译时注意排比)水是一种能源,
它
更为
这场新的运动推波助澜,
James Brindley
是开凿运河的
先锋者,(在开凿运河中起到了
领头羊
的作用),当时
人们开凿运河起导航的作用。
Not only
·
·
·
but also
·
·
·
=Not
simply
·
·
·
but
also
·
·
·
=Not merely
·
·
·
but
also
·
·
·
不
仅···而且···
=Not
just
···
but also
James Brindley
:全名出现表示现在开始要对人进行赞扬。
a source of power
:能源
a new wave of
movement.
:
为一场新的运动推波助澜
Pioneer
in
:在哪方面起到了领头羊的作用
the art of building canals
:赞
扬的方式但不译出
来:开凿运河
navigation
’
:
运河在当时被称为导航的作用
2
Brindley had begun on his own account,
out of interest, to survey the
waterways
that he traveled
1
2
3
4
as he
went about
his engineering projects for mills and mines.
在此之前,
Brindley
p>
曾经自发的,勘探过河道,
这一切皆兴趣使然。在为自己的建磨坊和
修
矿山的建筑工程四处奔走之时曾偶尔涉足到这些河道。
on one
’
s own
account
出于自愿
,自发的
out of interest
出于兴趣
2.
Survey
the
waterways :
excavate
勘探
勘察
对河道进行勘探
ays=
navigation
漕运
通泊
he
traveled
涉足过···
about :
pun
着手做某事
四处奔走
engineering
projects
建筑工程
工程项目
The Duke of Bridgewater
then
got him to
build a canal to
carry
coal from the
Ducke
’
s pits at
Worsley to
the rising town
of Manchester
……
布里奇瓦特公爵于是就责成
Brindley
修建一条运河,以便把从公爵在乌斯利
产的煤
运到新<
/p>
兴城市曼彻斯特
The Duke of Bridgewater
布里奇瓦特公爵
then
:于是
接下来
got him to
:
让某人做什么,
责成
carry
:
Transport :
运输
carriage :
火车的车厢
Ducke
’
s pits
公爵的矿井
town =Manchester
同位语关系
the rising town
新兴城市
Send coal to
Newcastle
多此一举
Brindley
went
on
to connect Marchester with
Liverpool
in an even bolder
manner
, and in all
laid out
almost four hundred miles of canals
in a network
all over
England.
总共修建了大约四百公里的运河网遍布整个英国。
Brindley
还更为大胆创新还将运河曼彻斯特和利物浦(这两座工业
城市)用运河连在一起。
另外,
Brindley
还修建了总长度约为
400
英里的运河网络,使其
遍布英国各地。
went on
to :
(
如何巧妙的翻译另外的事)
还
in
an even bolder manner
更为大胆的
In all : totally
总共
(最好和后面的
almost for hundred
连用
)
laid out
:
lay
:
bulid
修建
Lie lay lain
Lay
laid laid
in a network
:
运河网
all
over England.
:
through
遍布整个英国
Two things are
outstanding
in the creation of the English
system of canals
, and they
characterize
all the industrial
revolution.
在开凿运河的过程中有两点不可不
提,而这两点就
成为
整个工业革命
的特
点
Outstanding
:
Worthy
of
mention
:
不可不提
Two things
are
outstanding
有两点不可不提
they
characterize
:
A
p>
(
they
)
是
B
(
all
the industrial
revolution
)的特点
system of canals
运河网
all the industrial revolution. :
all the +N.
in the creation of : bulid =lay out=
creation
在开凿运河的过程中
One is that the men who
made the revolution
were
practical men.
工业革命的发起者皆为实干家
Make the revolution :
(
非正规表达
)
Launch the revolution :
工业革命的发起者
3
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