-
R
rabbit
['r?b
?
t]
n.
[C]
野兔；猪兔
The
rabbit disappeared in the bushes.
那只兔子消失在树丛中。
race
[re
?
s]
n.
[C]
①比赛，赛跑
;
②种族，民族
‖
v.
< br>①（速度）竞赛，参加比赛
Every moming
he spent two hours training for the
race.
他每天早晨花两个时练习赛跑。
A rabbit races with a
tortoise.
兔子和乌龟赛跑。
短语：
race
接力赛
2.a race
against time
和时间赛跑
v.
参加速度竞赛
3/
~against /with sb
radio
['re
?
d
???
< br>]
n.
[C]
收音机；无线电
广播
?
We listened to the Presidents speech on
the radio yesterday.
昨天我们通过无线
电听了总统演说
。
[on the radio/ by
radio
通过天线电
]
railway
['re
?
lwe
?
]
n.
[C]
铁路；铁道
The
railway traverses the country.
这条铁路横贯全国。
rain
[re
?
n]
v.
< br>下雨，降雨
‖
n
.
[C,U]
雨
?
Don’t go out in
the rain.不要冒雨出去。
短语：
out
因雨而中断：
e.g. The
game was rained
out.
比赛因雨暂停举行。
right as rain
非常健康
3
．比较
rain
heavily/heavy rain
n.
e.g. Don
’t
go out in the rain.不要冒雨出去
Come in out of the rain.
快进去别让雨淋着
。
Adj
rainy
下雨的，多雨的
相关词汇
: raincoat
雨衣
rainbow
彩虹
rainfall
降雨量
rainless
无雨天
rainy
['re
?
n
< br>?
]
adj
.
下雨的，多雨的
?
They walked along the beach on a rainy
night
.
他们在一个雨夜沿着沙滩散步。
< br>
raise
[re
?
z]
v
< br>.
①举起，抬起
;
②招募，筹集
;
③提高，升高
?
She raised her
fingers to her lips as a sign for silence.
< br>她把手指举到嘴唇上
示意别说话。
?
How were they
going to raise enough money for it
?
他们怎样来为此筹集足够的资
金呢？
【易错警示】
raise
与
rise
raise
及物动词，
后面一定要加宾语。
指
“提起，
使升高”
。
例
如：
If
you
have
any
question,
please raise your
hands.
如果你们有任何问题，请举手示意。
1
rise
不及物动词，后面不能加宾语。指“上升，升高，上涨”
。例如：
< br>The
sun
rises
in
the
east.
太阳从东方升起。
短语：
one’s eyes 举目观看
one’s voice against
sb/sth
坚决的发言而反对某人或某事物。
rapid
['r?p
?
d]
< br>adj
.
快的；迅速的；急促的
He has made rapid and brilliant
progress in his studies.
他在学业上有着迅速而突出
的进步。
rat
[r?t]
n.
[C]
老鼠；叛徒
The hungry rat ravened down the poison
bait.
饥饿的老鼠一口吞下毒饵。
短语：
like a drown rat
湿的像落汤鸡
rat
race
激烈的竞争
rather
['r
ɑ<
/p>
?
?
?
]
adv
.
宁可；最好
Its a
rather good idea
. ( = It’s rather a
good idea.) 这可是个好主意。
[rather
修
饰名词
,
放在冠词前，如果有形容词，放在
a(
n)
前后均可
]
?
He speaks English rather
well.
他英语说得相当好。
?
He
would
rather
stay
at
home
than
go
out.
他宁愿呆在家也不愿出门。
[woul
d
rather.
.
.
than?宁愿??而不愿??，后而接动词原形
]
短语
?than 与其?
?倒不如，不是? ?而是：
e.g. He’d rather drink boiled water
than coffee. 他宁愿喝开水也不愿喝咖啡。
e.g. He is an artist rather than a
philosopher.
与其说他是个哲学家不如说他是个艺术家注意：
注
意
：
would
rather?than
词
组
中
，
后
面
接
动
词
原
形
，
但
当
would
rather
后
跟
从
句，从句谓语要用虚拟语气，即用过去时表示现在或将来要做的事：
e.g.I would rather that we stopped
now.
我宁可现在停下来。
reach
[ri
?
t
?
]
1
伸出；延伸
；○
2
到达
相当于
v.
○
?
When you roach the top of the hill, turn
right.
当你到达山顶时，向右转。
短语：
to / arrive in/arrive at
one’s hand 出手
sb. Sth.
给某人某物
easy reach of
在容易达到? ?的地方：在?
?的附近
read
[ri
?
d] (read, read) red]
v.
读；阅读
;
?
The teacher
read a poem to the
class.
老师向班上的同学朗诵了一首诗歌。
短语：
1. read sth. (to sb.)
读，朗读；
e.g. He was
reading silently to himself.
他正在默读。
2.
read about / of sb. / sth.
借助阅读发现某人（某事）的情况。
e.g. I read about / of her in today’s
paper.我在今天的报纸上读到关于她的消息。
3. read ?aloud 朗读
e.g. The teacher asked the strdents to
read the text aloud after class.
教师叫学生们在课后朗读课文
2
【知识拓展】
reader
n.
读者，阅读人
‖
reading
n
.
读书，朗读
ready
['red
?
]
adj.
(-ier -iest)
有准备的；乐意的
①有准备的，准备
好的
;
②乐意的，喜好的
?
He was always ready to help
his friends.
他总是乐于帮助朋友。
[be
ready to do sth.
乐于做某事
]
?
They
are
ready
for
the
competition.
他们做好了比赛的准备。
< br>[be
ready
for
sth.
为
......
而准备好
]
real
[ri
?
l]
adj.
现实的；真实的。非模仿的，真的
‖
adv
非常；的确
No, it wasn't
a dream. It was
real.
不，它不是一个梦，它是真实的。
e.g. I’m real sorry. 我非常抱歉
词型转换：
realism
现实主义
realist
现实主义者
realistic
现
实主义的
reality
真实
性
realise
['r
< br>??
la
?
z]
(realize)
（不用于被动语态）
v
.
意识到，实现，明白
?
He didn’t
realise how late it was.他并没有意识到已经有多晚了。
近义词辨析：
realize / understand
这两个词是近义词，在一起比较一般和含义是“意识到
”
，
“弄明白”
，常常可以互换使
用。
e.g. You don’t
understand / realize what a difficult position I’m
in.
你不会明白我的处境多么困难。
realize
也可以表示“实现”
：
e.g. The Chinese people are sure to
realize the modernization of their
country.
中国人民必将实现国家现代化。
understand
也可以表示“听懂，理解”
e.g.
The English understand them.
英国人说话都能互相听懂
，可是他们讲话我却听不懂。
really
['r
??
l
?
]
adv.
事实上，实际上
?
It was a short trip but we
had a really good time.
虽然这是一次短暂的旅行，但我
们过得真愉快。
reason
n
.[C]
原因，理由
‖
v.
①评理，劝说
;
②推断，推理
That is
the reason why I don't like
it
.
那就是我不喜
欢它的原因
。
There
are
a
number
of
reasons
for
eating
good
food.
要吃好东西有许多理由。
[reason
for sth. /doing sth?的理由
短语：
1
．
reason for sth/doing sth
2
．
reason to do
sth
有某事的原因
思考
理解
推理
e.g. He
reasoned that if we started at dawn, we would be
there by noon.
sth out
receive
[r
?
'si
?
v]
v.
接收；收到；接受；
I didn
’t buy the
book,
I received it from the writer as
a gift.
这本书不是我买的，
3
而是作者送给我的礼物。
[receive sth from
sb.
从??获得，收到（某物）
]
短语：
1. receive a letter from
sb. = hear from sb.
收到某人的来信
adj
公认为正确而普遍接受的
2.
received opinion
n.
receiver
接受者，
电话听筒
recent
['ri
?
s(
?
)nt]
adj.
最近的，新近的
There have been many changes in recent
years.
近几年发生了许多的变化。
recently
['ri
?
sntl
?
]
adv.
最近，近来
?
We received a
letter from him
recently.
我们不久以
前收到了他的一封信。
recite
[r
?
'sa
?
t]
v.
背诵；描述
?
Each child had to recite a
poem to the
class.
每个孩子都得在班上背诵一首诗。
recognise
['rek
?
ɡ
na
?
z]
(
美：
recognize)
Vt<
/p>
.
①认出，辨出；②承认，认可，公认
?
I recognised that he was
Mike the moment I saw
him.
我一看见他就认出他是迈克。
?
All the teachers recognized
Tom as the best student in his class.
所有
的老师都承
认汤姆是班上最好的学生。
[ recognize
. . . as. .
承认
......
< br>是
......]
recommend
[rek
?
'mend]
vt.<
/p>
①推荐，介绍
;
②建议，劝告
?
Could
you recommend me a good hotel?
请你给我介绍一家好的旅馆可以吗？
[recommend sb. sth.= recommend sth. to
sb.
向某人推荐某物
]
record
[r
??
k
?
?
d]
v.
记录，记载
‖
n.
[
?
rek
?
?
d] [C]
记录，记载
?
Her childhood
is recorded in the diaries of those years.
< br>她的童年生活都记在当
年的日记里。
常用搭配
?
keep a record
保持记录
‖
b
reak a
record
打破记录
v.
记录；记载
短语：
sth from sth/ on
eg .record music from radio record
music on tape
n.
2. record of sth
record
记载下来的
/
hold the record
保持记录
5. break the record
打破记录
recorder
[r
?
'k
?
?
d
?
]
n.
[C]
录音机；记录员
?
A recorder is often used in
our English
class.
英语课堂上我们经常使用录音机。
recycle
[ri
?
'sa
?
k(
?
)l]
vt.
回收，再循环
‖
n.
[C]
再循环
They recycle
empty tins so as to use the metal.
他们回收空罐头盒以利用其金属。
red
[red]
ad
j
.
红的；红色的
‖
< br>n.
[C,U]
红色
4
reflect
[r
?
'flekt]
v.
①反映，表达，表现
;
②反射
< br>.
反照
;
③思考
.
考虑
His
actions reflect his thoughts.
他的行为反映他的思想。
refuse
[r
?
'fju
?
z]
v.
拒绝；回绝
（反）
accept
She
refused
to
accept
that
there
was
a
problem.
她拒绝承认有问
题存在。
[refuse
to
do
sth.
拒绝做某某事
]
She can't refuse him
anything.
她什么也不能拒绝他。
[refuse
sb. sth.
拒绝某人某物
]
regard
[r
?
'g
ɑ
?
d]
v.
①注意，考虑
;
②把
??看作，把??视为
He was regarded
as the most successful scientist of modem times.
他被认为是现代最
为成功的科学家。
〔
regard
?
as
?将??视为??〕
We regard
your action as a
crime.
我们认为你的这种行为是犯罪。
regret
[r
?
'gret]
v.
遗憾；抱歉；后悔，
‖
n. [ C,
U]
遗憾，惋惜
I didn't
regret the choice I had
made.
我作了这个选择并不后悔。
I regret to tell you that I don't agree
with you.
我很抱歉的告诉你我与你的意见不
一致。<
/p>
regret to do
sth.
遗憾将要做某事〕
Tom
regretted wasting too much time watching
TV.
汤姆后悔浪费了许多时间看电视。
[regret doing
sth.
后悔做了某事
]
短语：/sent one’s regrets
adj
regretful
痛惜的
悔恨的
regretable
另人痛惜的
另人遗憾的
relation
[r
?
'le
??
(
?
)n]
n.
[C,U]
关系；关联
We
seek to improve relations between our two countrie
s.
我们寻求改进我们两国间的
关系。
’
。
短语：
1.~ between sth and sth
某物与某物之间的关系
adj.
relaxed
有关的，相关联的
2.~ to
sb/sth
relative
['rel
?
t
?
v]
adj.
①比较的，相比较的
;
< br>②相对的，关联的
‖
[C
」亲属
，亲戚
relax
[r
?
'l?ks]
v.
（使）轻松；
（使）松弛
When I get home from work 1 like to
relax with the newspaper.
我下班回到家里，喜
欢看看报纸，放松一下。
[ relax with
sth.
以某种方式放松
I
知识拓展：
relaxing
令人放
松的
‖
relaxed
放松的
‖
be relaxed about rules
relief [r
?
'li
?
f]
n.[U]
轻松，解脱，缓和，减轻
His family has been on relief ever
since he died.
跟读
自他去世后
,
他的家属一直靠救济过日子。
remain
[r
?
'me
?
n]
1
遗留；留下；○
2
保持
(
通常不用于进行时态
)
v
.
○
Very little of
the house remained after the
fire.
火灾之后，这座房子所剩无几。
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