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副词和形容词同形（
Adverbs and Adjectives
Identical in Form
）
有的形容词同副词在词形上完全一样，但形容词起的是定语作用，而副词起的却是状语作用。如：
< p>
An
early
riser gets up
early
.
A
fast
train
travels
fast.
Daily
newspapers are
published
daily
.
This is
hard
work
. We have to work
hard.
区别副词和形容词常常依靠该词句法功能。如：
go
straight, tell someone
straight
中为副词。在短语
set
someone/something straight, put
someone/something straight, drink whisky straight,
keep one
?
s face straight
中的
straight
看作形容词，因
straight
在些起宾语补足语的作用。
英语中常有成对的副词：
一个不带－
l
y,
另一个由形容词加后缀－
ly
构成
。
这种有－
ly
的副词有时可同无－<
/p>
ly
的副词互换，有时两者的用法和意义不一。但一般来说没有后
缀－
LY
的副词表示动作所造成的结果、
状态或给
人的感觉，而
,
带有后缀－
LY
的副词则表示的动作方式。如：
bright, brightly
cheap,cheaply
She
sells her goods cheap.(cheap
可用
cheaply
替换。在较为随便的谈话中，当动词是
bu
y, sell
时，常用
cheap.
clean, cleanly
This knife cuts cleanly.
The
bullet went clean through the wall.
Clean through = right through.
作副词的
clean
含义为
com
pletely, right.
在非正式语体里，
它常跟动词
forget,
介词
over,thr
ough,
副词
away,
out
连用。如：
Sorry I
didn
?
t turn up --- I CLEAN
FORGOT.
The ball sailed clean over the
roof.
The prisoner got clean away.
I
?
m afraid
I
?
m clean out of (= have no
more) food.
clear, clearly
Stand clear of the doors of the train.
副词
clear
跟
of
一起时，意为
away
from, not touching.
He threw her clear
across the room.
Clear across = right
across
“
I said it very loud
and clear(clear = clearly); I went and shouted in
his ear.
”
1
He spoke so clearly that I
could hear every word.
c
lose, closely
Come close; I want to tell you somethin
g.(
作副词时，“接近地，”“紧密地”，表具体近的程度
)
The boy followed close behind his
father.
The fellow stood close against
the wall.
副词
close
是
near
之意，过去分词前常用
cl
osely.
如：
The
teacher was closely followed by his pupils.
Closely
表示一种抽象的概念，“紧密地”“密切地”“严密地”。<
/p>
We should closely be united
around Chairman Jiang.
She closely
resembles her mother.
Watch him
closely.(= carefully, with attention)
dead, deadly
The
road is very dangerous. Go dead slow. (=exactly,
completely, slow,
可用
slowly
替换
)
还有
dead drunk, dead tired,
dead right, dead sure, dead
certain
等与
dead
slow
同
.
Don
?
t touch that.
It
?
s deadly.(=adj.; fatal,
causing death)
It
?
s deadly
poisonous.(=very)
I
can
?
t read this.
It
?
s deadly dull.(=very)
Deep, deeply
Deep
作副词时，常用来表示具体的深度，“深地”，修饰静止的状态和具体的动作。而
deeply
用来修饰
情感的动词、形容词和
过去分词，表示抽象的概念。
Our teachers
often work deep into the night.
He had
to dig deep to find water.
We were
deeply moved by what he had done.
I
?
m deeply
grateful for the help you gave me.
direct, directly
These new laws concern us all directly.
(=in a direct way
“直接地”
)
Let
?
s meet
directly
（＝
immediately
）
after lunch; then
I
?
ll take you
direct
to your room.
(=without
deviation,
主要用于说及旅行
和时间表
,
指空间、
距离，
如行程中的不停顿、
不绕道，
”
< br>直接地““不绕
（圈）
地”
)
He flew direct to New York .
He came and reported it direct to me.
2
He should be
there directly.
She drove directly to
school.
She drove direct to school.
The next flight
doesn
?
t
go
direct
to Rome, it goes by
way of Paris.
easy, easily
A: I can
?
t take
this table easily (=without difficulty).
B: Yes, but
go
easy
(=Don
?
t be
rough) with it. It
?
s an
antique. Easy
作为副词用在一些固定搭配中。
如
：
take
it easy(=relax);Stand
easy!( a miitary command); Easy come, easy go(=
What we get without difficulty is
quickly lost).
fair,
fairly
I
?
ve marked your
essay
fairly(=
justly,
honestly, according to the
rules)
,
and I can assure you
(that ) it
?
s
fairly
(=quite, rather)good.
He told the facts fairly.
Fair
作副词只用在
play
fair, speak fair, to hit something fair and
square
中。
fine,
finely
That suits me fine.
You
?
re doing
fine.
Fine adv. =well,
一般用在口语
中
;
若某东西
finely
cut
或
finely chopped,
意为
cut into very small
pieces.
firm, firmly
If we
stand
firm
,(=unyield ) I
firmly
believe we shall
succeed.
The guard is standing firm at
the entrance of the camp.
Hold this
post
firm
( =firmly)while I
hammer it into the ground.
The boy
firmly caught hold of the rope.
有的词典认为
stand firm, stay firm,
set firm, hold firm
中的
firm
为
adj.
free,
freely
You can eat free
(=without payment) in my restaurant whenever you
like.
Don
?
t let
the dog run free.(=in a free manner)
You can speak freely (=without
limitation or restriction) in front of George ---
he knows everything.
hard,
hardly
You have worked hard
today.(=diligently, strenuously)
You
?
ve hardly
eaten anything.(=almost not)
3
high, highly
He
?
s
very ambitious: he aims high.
Throw the
ball as high as you can.
Can you jump
that high?
He held his head high.
此处
high
为高度
(h
eight)
及位置
(position)
用作副词时，指具体的高度。
Highly
指抽象概念的高，常用来修饰形容词的分词和用在一些常见的搭配中。如：
He is a highly skilled worker.
The headmaster thinks highly of my
teaching.
He
?
s
highly intelligent, highly trained. (== to a hig
degree; very much)
用于比喻意义时常用
highly
,
如
:
They speak
highly of you.
just, justly
He was justly punished for his
crimes.(= in accordance with justice or the
law
公正地，正当地
).
The
judge dealed the case justly.
We each
were treated justly.
I
?
ve just been
reading a very interesting book.(= a moment ago,
exactly, merely)
Do just as you
like.(
正好
)
He is
just an ordinary man
（仅仅）
.
I
?
m just out of
hospital.
He is just a child,
don
?
t quarrel with him.
late, lately
Every morning this week she has arrived
late.(=after the time
expected,
晚地，迟地
)
Has she been here lately?(=recently,
not long ago
，最近，近来，常用在疑问句和否定句中，在肯定句中常
用
recently.)
Have
you seen her lately?
I hear that you
haven
?
t been well lately.
He arrived home very late from work
yesterday.
但二者都可用在
as late
as, as lately as
片语中。
loud, loudly
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