跨文化交际与翻译真题·

跨文化交际与翻译真题

2015.6.5

临床专业

一、案例分析

(

答题说明：

每题

10

分，合计

10.0

分。

)

1.

Situation:

Two

Americans,

Bill

and

Tony,

are

talking

about

Tony’s

unhappy experience with his Chinese college.

Bill: Hi, Tony. How’re you doing?

Tony: Fine. Just got back from visiting the home of one of my Chinese

colleagues.

Bill: Oh, have a good time?

Tony: Oh yes, very

good. Mind you, I was bit hurt about the way they

treated my present. You see, I know they like western music so I brought

them back some of the latest tapes from the UK. Had them all wrapped

up beautifully and gave them to them as soon as I got inside the door and

what do you think happened?

Bill: What?

Tony: Nothing. Well, more or less, they said thank you but then just put

them away in a corner. Didn’t even bother to unwrap them. I must say I

felt a bit miffed after all the trouble I’d taken.

参考答案：答题点：

Gift giving in the West

三、跨文化单选

(

答题说明：

每题

1

分，合计

15.0

)

C22. Cathy is talking to her friends Bill and Tod outside the cinema.

Cathy: Well, what did you think of the film, then?

Bill: Oh, I thought it was great. Didn’t you think so?

1

Tod:

A) Well, maybe.

B) No, I don’t like it.

C) Yes, in a way. But I’ve seen better.

D) Yes. I dare say you

’re right. But I’ve seen better.

D23. At Samantha’s flat, Ruth has just told Sandy that she is really fed up

with her present job.

Sandy:

Well,

Ruth,

maybe

you

ought

to

try

and

get

another

one.

It

shouldn’t be too hard for someone like you.

Ruth:Yes, I could do that, I suppose. Well, I can think about it anyway.

Sandy:

A) Yes, you do that.

B) That’s the spirit.

C) That’s your way out.

D) Good.

D24. Beth is talking to her friend, Brenda.

Beth: I wonder if you’d mind posting this letter for me on your way home,

Brenda?

Brenda:

A) You’re welcome.

B) I don’t care.

C) I don’t mind.

2

D) Sure.

A25. Situation: Xiao Ma is an interpreter. One day a foreign visitor, Mr

Yoder, talks to him.

Yoder: Your English is quite fluent.

Ma:

A) Thank you. It’s kind of you to say so.

B) No, no, my English is poor.

C) No, not at all.

D) Oh, no. Far from that, I still have a long way to go.

B26. Betty is a foreign student in China. She has met Zheng Yu.

Betty:

I

was

told

that

you

won

the

100-meter

race

in

the

all

city

track

meet this morning. Congratulations!

Zheng Yu:

A) Just lucky.

B) Thank you.

C) I can’t say I did well this morning.

D) I could have done better if it hadn’t been so cold.

B27. Y

our friend’s mother, Mrs Yoder, asked if you would like something

to eat. What would you say to refuse politely?

A) Not for the moment, thank you, Mrs Yoder. I’m full.

B) No, thanks, I’ve just had lunch.

C) Oh, no, Mrs Yoder. I haven’t long had lunch.

3

D) I’m full and have no room for any more.

A28. Mr Timms has arrived for a meeting which, unfortunately, has been

cancelled.

Mrs

Banks:

I’m

terribly

sorry

about

not

letting

you

know

sooner,

Mr

Timmes, but unfortunately it was cancelled at the last minute and there

simply wasn’t enough time to inform everyone.

Mr Timms:

A) Oh, don’t let it worry you, Mrs Banks. I quite understand.

B) Oh, that’s OK, Mrs Banks. I understand.

C) Oh, it doesn’t matter,

Mrs Banks.

D) Oh, don’t worry about it, Mrs Banks.

B29. If you are attending a family gathering and would like to know what

the

familial

relationship

is

between

one

member

and

another,

you

may

ask:

A) Is he your…?

B) How are you related?

C) Who’s tha

t woman?

D) What’s the relationship between you and that woman?

A30. On the way to the school cinema, Li saw Professor Blake walking to

the cinema, too.

Li:

A) Good afternoon, Professor Blake.

4

B) Are you going to the film?

C) Where are you going?

D)

You’re going to the film, aren’t you?

A31. When introducing yourself to someone you don’t know at a party,

what would you say?

A) Hi, I’m …

B)

May

I

introduce

myself

to

you

and

at

the

same

time

I

make

your

acquaintance7

C) Hi, I’d like to meet you.

D

) Hi, I’m … Do you know many people here?

B32. Jack phones Xiao Song’s office.

Jack: Hello, I’d like to speak to Song Hua, please.

Song:

A) I’m Song Hua.

B) This is Song Hua speaking.

C) This is me.

D) It’s me here.

D33. You’ve just been asked out to dinner but you don’t want to go with

the person who invited you. You might say:

A) I don’t think so. I already have plans.

B) No, I really don’t enjoy being with you.

C) I’m dieting so I mustn’t go out to eat.

5

D) Than

ks a lot but I’m busy tonight.

B34. Lucy met his teacher, Mrs South, outside the library.

Lucy: Good morning, Lucy. How are you?

Mrs South: Very well, thank you, Lucy, and how are you?

Lucy:

A) Oh, can’t complain.

B) I’m very well, too, thank you.

C) Same old thing.

D) OK.

B35.

Mr

Green’s

secretary,

Pat

Kent,

went

to

the

airport

to

meet

Mr

Barnes for her boss.

What would Miss Kent say when she meet Mr Barnes?

A) Excuse me, would you be Mr Barnes?

B) Are you Mr Barnes?

C) Excuse me, would you please tell me if you are Mr Barnes?

D) You are Mr Barnes, aren’t you?

A36.

Patrick

is

sitting

in

a

car

with

some

friends.

He

has

just

asked

if

anyone

minds

him

smoking.

One

of

the

friends

in

the

car,

Gillian,

is

allergic to smoke. What would she say?

A) Would you mind if I said no, Patrick?

B) Can’t you stay without smoking?

C) It’s not OK.

6

D) No, of course not.

43-47

题共用题干：

Over

the

past

century,

all

kinds

of

unfairness

and

discrimination

have

been

condemned.

But

one

insidious

form

continues

to

thrive:

alphabetism. This refers to discrimination against those whose surnames

begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.

It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAA cars has a big

advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone

directories.

Less

well

known is the

advantage that

Adam

Abbott

has in

life

over

Zoe

Zysman.

English

names

are

fairly

evenly

spread

between

the

halves

of

the

alphabet.

Yet

a

large

number

of

top

people

have

surnames beginning with letters between A and K.

Thus

the

American

president

and

vice-president

have

surnames

starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush’s predecessors

had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second

half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7

rich countries are alphabetically advantaged. The world’s three top central

bankers are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really

uses

Japanese

characters,

as

are

the

world’s

five

rich

est

men

（

Gates,

Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht

）

.

Can

this

merely

be

coincidence

？

One

theory,

dreamt

up

in

all

the

spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets

7

in early. At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils

alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names.

So shortsighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is rarely

asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the

time

the

alphabetically

disadvantaged

may

think

they

have

had

a

lucky

escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less

individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.

The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies, the

ABCs proudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans

most

people

are

literally

having

a

ZZZ.

Shortlists

for

job

interviews,

election

ballot

papers,

and

lists

of

conference

speakers:

all

tend

to

be

drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough

through them.

A43. What does the author intend to illustrate with AAA cars and Zodiac

ears?

A

）

A kind of overlooked inequality.

B

）

A type of conspicuous bias.

C

）

A type of personal prejudice.

D

）

A kind of brand discrimination.

D44. What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?

A

）

In both East and West, names are essential to success.

B

）

The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zoe Zysman.

8

C

）

Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies’ names.

D

）

Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize.

C45. The 4th paragraph suggests that ______.

A

）

questions are often put to the more intelligent students

B

）

alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class

C

）

teachers should pay attention to all of their students

D

）

students should be seated according to their eyesight

B46. What does the author mean by “most people are literally having a

ZZZ” in Paragraph 5?

A

）

They are getting impatient.

B

）

They are noisily dozing off.

C

）

They are feeling humiliated.

D

）

They are busy with word puzzles.

D47. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text

？

A

）

People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated.

B

）

VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.

C

）

The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go.

D

）

Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.

48-52

题共用题干：

What the dream-phantasy does with the physical stimuli cannot be

regarded as purposeful. The phantasy plays a tantalizing game with them,

and represents the organic source of the stimuli of the dream in question

9

by

any

sort

of

plastic

symbolism.

Indeed,

Scherner

holds

that

the

dream- phantasy has a certain favorite symbol for the organism as a whole:

namely,

the

house.

Fortunately,

however,

for

its

representations,

it

does

not seem to limit itself to this material; it may also employ a whole series

of houses to designate a single organ; for example, very long streets of

houses for the intestinal stimulus. In other dreams particular parts of the

house

may

actually

represent

particular

regions

of

the

body,

as

in

the

headache-dream, when the ceiling of the room

（

which the dream sees

covered with disgusting toad-like spiders

）

represents the head.

Quite apart from the symbol of the house, any other suitable object

may be employed to represent those parts of the body which excite the

dream.

Thus the

breathing lungs

find

their

symbol in

the

flaming

stove

with its windy roaring, the heart in hollow chests and baskets, the bladder

in

round,

ball- shaped,

or

simply

hollow

objects.

It

is

particularly

noteworthy

that

at

the

end

of

such

a

physically

stimulated

dream

the

phantasy, as it were, unmasks itself by representing the exciting organ or

its

functio

n

unconcealed.

Thus

the

“tooth

-

excited

dream”

usually

ends

with the dreamer taking a tooth out of his mouth.

The dream-phantasy may, however, direct its attention not merely to

the

form

of

the

exciting

organ,

but

may

even

make

the

substance

contained

therein

the

object

of

symbolization.

Thus,

for

example,

the

dream excited by the intestinal stimuli may lead us through muddy streets,

10

the

dream

due

to

stimuli

from

the

bladder

to

foaming

water.

Or

the

stimulus

as

such,

the

nature

of

its

excitation,

and

the

object

which

it

covets, are represented symbolically. Or, again, the dream-ego enters into

a

concrete

association

with

the

symbolization

of

its

own

state;

as,

for

example, when in the case of painful stimuli we struggle desperately with

vicious dogs or raging bulls. Disregarding all the possible lengthiness of

elaboration, a phantastic symbolizing activity remains as the central force

of every dream.

B48. The dream-phantasy tends to represent the organism as a whole by

______.

A

）

a symbol

B

）

a house

C

）

a street D

）

a symbol

A49.

According

to

the

passage,

which

symbolization

is

probable

in

a

dream?

A

）

a ceiling covered with spiders represents a head.

B

）

spiders represent a room.

C

）

roaring wind represents a breathing lung.

D

）

a ball represents a heart in chest.

C50.

According

to

the

passage,

at

the

end

of

a

physically

stimulated

dream, ______.

A

）

the dreamer dreams to take a tooth out of his mouth

11