【英语】上海市长宁区2019届高三上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题

）_______________(buy)flags and flowers for every veteran in his grandpa’s

cemetery

，

And

when

that

cemetery(24)________(cover),he

moved

on

to

another

，

and

then

another.

Here we are

，

nearly three years and about 65,000graves later. He does it every

week(25)____________the

weather

is

like

，

rain

or

shine---especially

rain

，

”They

were

out

there

in

the

rain

doing

their

job,( 26)______________(protect)us

，”Preston

said，

His devotion is infections.

When word gets out(27)__________Preston will be at a cemetery--- he has a Facebook

page

，

Preston Sharp/Vet flags and Flowers--- people

，

like Vietnam veteran Fred

Loveland

，

fee l(28)________________(oblige)to join in

，”It’s amazing，”Loveland

said.”

What

he’s

doing

brings

(29)_____________out

because

we

can’t

believe

a

young

man in this country is doing what he does

，”It is a movement of young and old，

of those who served and those who are so grateful for what they did

，

all led by a

proud grandson(30)______________saw an injustice and decided to do something about

it.

Section B

Directions:

Fill

in

each

blank

with

a

proper

word

chosen

from

the

box,

Each

word

can

be

used

only

once.

Note

that

there

is

one

word

more

than

you

need.

A. astonishing B. bordered C. blackouts D. consequences E.

constant F. estimated G. exploded H. fascinated L. process

J. stretched K. upsetting

Aurora(

极光

):wonders or disturbances

Canada

，

February 2017:I stood in the snow on a frozen lake

，

watching as the sky

twisted in front of me. Green bands of light ___31___ out in the darkness. Slowly

the

colours

twisted

and

broke

and

reappeared

elsewhere

until

，< /p>

suddenly

，

a

whole

band

flowed

and

pulsed

across

the

sky,

____32___

with

delicate

yellow.

pinks

and

purples.

It was

as dramatic as

thunderstorm

，

yet ,yet____33___,Most

of all,it was

a gift.

This was my fifth aurora trip and the first time I had seen fast movements and

bright calm green auroral displays that many people see are driven by

a(n)_____34_____ stream of particles(

微

)from called the solar wind. But when the

sun

throws

us

extra

hot

fast

particles

，

this

process

goes

overdrive-we

get

much

more

movement and colour

，

It is glorious!Aurora-spotters long for it

But for some

，

the wild movements of the heavens can have serious

____35___Satellites' electronics are affected or damaged by incoming fast

particlies,___36___industries that rely on them. Flights may need to change course

to

avoid

radio

___37__

around

the

poles

，

or

to

protect

aircrew

from

enhanced

radiation

exposure.

During

a

solar

storm

，

aircrew

may

receive

their

annual

radiation

limit

over

a single flight.

Stormy space

weather affects

us on the ground

，

too. A larger storm in 1989 caused

a 10-hour electrical blackout over Canada's Quebec Province, costing the economy

a(n)____38_____ C$$10 billion. Disturbance of the atmosphere causes problems with

radio broadcast and GPS. In September 2017,a huge solar fame ______39_____ just as

Hurricane

lran

hit

the

Caribbean.

The

resultant

HF

radio

blackout

held

up

the

emergency

response

，

Meanwhile

，

beaut iful

aurora

displays

were

seen

in

England.

Place

its

beauty

aside

，

then, and the auroral___40___is nothing other than a giant planetary

disturbance

，

more of a worry than a wonder for some people. Yet seldom do such

disturbances

have

such

fascinating

side

effects

as

that

of

the

aurora

dancing

across

our Arctic skies.

Ill. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions:

For each blank in the following passage there are four words

or phrases marked A, B, C and D Fill in each blank with the word or phrase

that best fits the context.

Marmoset monkeys exist on a branch of the evolutionary tree that is

distinct from the one that led to mans. But they constantly astonish

researchers

with

__

41___

behavior

that

seems

pretty

highly

evolved.

Their

social organization and __ 42___ practices could have been the model for

the phrase “It takes a village

.

”

A dominant male and female breed, and

their

babies

are

carefully

looked

after

by

extended

family

members

who

then

aren't free to breed themselves.

A

new

study

further

__

43___

the

marmoset’s

reputation

for

admirable

community

values.

Researchers

report

that

these

caregivers

share

their

food

more generously with little ones __ 44___

than when they’re surrounded

by

the

watchful

eyes

of

other

community

members.

In

complex

societies

where

individuals band together for _ 45__ protection, researchers have come up

with

a

few

widely

accepted

explanations

for

selfless

behavior.

But

specific

acts,

like

sharing

a

delicious

cricket

（蟋蟀

)

with

a

begging

baby

marmoset,

seem to need more _ 46__ explanation

One possibility is that an individual practices _ 47__ as a means of

enhancing his status among peers. By _ 48__ that he is so well gifted with

material

goods

that

he

can

give

some

away,

this

do-gooder

enhances

his

power

within the group. That, in turn, may _ 49__ prospective mates. The other

explanation for charitable behavior _ 50_ that kindnesses extended to

others are simply the fees of group membership, which offers some future

promise of a chance to mate. Failure to share would result in exclusion

from

the

group

and

a

loss

of

_

51__

partners.

Scientists

call

this

the

“pay

to stay”

model. Importantly, for both of these models to work, acts of

kindness must have a(n) _ 52__. That suggests you would see more sharing

in

group

settings;

away

from

judging

eyes,

a

caregiver

might

be

more

likely

to

keep

food

for

himself

or

herself.

And

yet,

in

2,581

tests

conducted

with

31 adult and 14 baby marmosets, the _ 53__ appeared to be true

Anthropologists (

人类学家

) from the University of Zurich carefully

documented

how

often,

in

groups

and

in

conditions

that

found

caregiver

and

baby separated from the crowd, an adult would share his or her cricket.

When alone with a baby begging for a taste, adult marmosets shared their

cricket

85%

of

the

time.

When

in

a

group,

caregivers

offered

up

their

cricket

67% of the time.” Our results show that helping in common marmosets is

not driven by reputation management or _ 54__

avoidance, “ the study

authors reported Rather, it is driven by a deep-down motivation to help

that is more _ 55__ expressed when individuals are alone with young.

”

41.A. animal B. careful C. social D.

individual

42.A. evolving B communicating C organizing D.

parenting

43.A shines B damages C. affects D

protests

44.A. at play B in private C. on schedule D

by accident

45.A.

adequate B

effective C.

continual D.

mutual

46.A. creative B complex C specific D.

official

47.A. generosity B wisdom C independence D

governance

48.A.

promising B

demonstrating C.

pretending D.

explaining

49.A.

count

on B.

go

after C.

appeal

to D.

benefit from

50. A. assumes B. confirms C. enhances D.

concludes

51. A. regular

D. previous

B. audience

C. feedback

D.

B. dominant

C. potential

52. A. atmosphere

judge

53. A. statistics

D. opposite

B. expectation

C. argument

54. A. responsibility

D. difficulty

B. punishment

C. arrangement

55. A. strongly

fearlessly

B. causally

C. delicately

D.

Section B

Directions:

Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed

by

several

questions

or

unfinished

statements.

For

each

of

them,

there

are

four choices marked A, B, C and D. choose the one that fits best according

to the Information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

What to endure before publication?

It takes a lot to write a novel. Even those who haven’t tried would

say, “Well, duh!” to this. But it’s not much the mind space or the

considerable time it

takes

to write a

novel

that is as discouraging as

how

many times any writer must go back to the drawing board for yet another

draft. To really ready a novel for publication, a writer must spend time

with his or her book. Like any promising relationship, you, the writer ,

must date your novel, take it out to dinner, meet its parents, and see it

through

its most

trying

and desperate times. As

a writer, you

have to stay

up

all

night

with

your

novel

crying

and

talking

and

sometimes

even

pulling

your

hair

out

before

that

perfect

moment

of

inspiration

can

truly

help

you

cross the finish line.

For many published authors I know, myself included, a completed novel

takes them about 10, that’s right, 10 drafts, and at least a year of real

editing. Will you be spending every single second editing your novel? No,

of course not. Just as drafts need some real time on the surgery table,

they also need rest in the recovery room. You don’t nurse a relationship

by

spending

every

waking

second

with

them

until

you

can’t

stand

the

sight

of

each

other,

and

you

can’t

produce

a

novel

by

breathing

down

its

literary

neck

. However, a novel should undergo many drafts---and

different kinds

of drafts

—

before declaring it ready for an agent or editor to see.

Everyone has their own way to write a novel, and not all craft advice

(or even craft “rules”) should all be followed by everyone, but when it

comes to the many drafts of a novel, there are specific things a writer

should focus on during each revision to help create a smooth transition

from the initial idea to final products.

56.

People

are

discouraged

from

writing

a

novel

mainly

because

it

requires

_____.

A. a good publisher

B. too much thinking

D. frequent revisions

C. tons of working time

57. What do writers do in the course of creating a novel?

A. They spend every minute with the novel.

B.

They

treat

the

novel

as a lover.

C. They go out with some readers for dinner.

D. They hurt

themselves to stay awake.

58.

By

“

breathing

down

its

literary

neck

”

in

Paragraph

2,

the

author

most

probably means _____.

A. writing casually thus failing to take readers’ breath away

B. letting go a single mistake thus annoying the readers

C. X-raying the work thus finding each literary mistake

D. sticking too close to the work thus causing anxiety

59.

Which

of

the

following

is

most

likely

to

come

after

the

last

paragraph?

A. The importance of using proper transitional words in writing.

B. The writing experience shared by famous successful write.

C. Tips on how to make ten drafts to complete a good novel.

D. Setbacks writers may suffer if ignoring the craft advice.

（

B

）

Top Six Most Challenged Books in 2017

Office for Intellectual Freedom (OIF) in the States tracked 354

challenges (formal attempts to remove or restrict access to library

materials and services) to library, school, and university materials and

services in2017. Some individual challenges resulted in requests to

restrict

or

remove

multiple

titles.

Overall,

416

books

were

targeted.

Here

are the

1

Thirteen Reasons Why

3

By Jay Asher

Originally

published in

2007. this New York

Times

bestseller has

resurfaced as a

debatable book after

Netflix aired a TV

series by the same

name.

This

young

adult

novel was challenged

and

banned

in

multiple

school districts, for

it discusses

self-killing.

2

Drama

Written and

illustrated by Raina

Telgemeier

This Stonewall

Honor Award-winning,

2012 graphic novel

from a much-admired

cartoonist was

challenged and banned

5

To Kill a

Mockingbird

By Harper Lee

This Pulitzer

Prize-winning novel,

considered an America

classical, was

challenged and

banned because of

violence

and

its

use

of

the N-word to insult

GEORGE

By Alex Gino

Written for

elementary-age

children, this Lambda

Literary Award winner

was challenged and

banned because it

includes a

transgender child.

in school libraries

because it includes

confused sexual

orientation

characters and

was considered

3

The Kite Runner

By Khaled Hosseini

This

multigenerational

novel praised by many

critics was

challenged and banned

because it includes

sexual violence and

was thought to

to 'terrorism

6

black people.

The Hate U Give

By Angie Thomas

Despite winning

multiple awards and

being the most

searched-for book on

Goodreads during its

debut(

首秀

) year, this

young adult novel was

challenged and banned

in school

libraries and

curricular because of

drug use and offensive

language.

six most challenged books are all________

A. prize winners or well received by the public

B. written for curious young adults in schools

C. banned and challenged in nationwide libraries

D. involved with violence and aggressive language

of the following would be removed from school libraries to avoid

misleading kids into racialism?

A.

The Hate U Give

B.

To Kill a Mocking bird

C.

The Kite Runner

D.

Thirteen Reasons Way

can be concluded from the passage that in the States_______

is responsible for the challenges reported from local schools and

universities

B. the government is challenged by intellectual freedom in public

materials and services

C.

issues

like

mental

illness,

drug

use

and

sex

education

really

concern

the government

D. best sellers and prize winners are often questioned and rejected by

the public

（

C)

The

term ‘dark tourism’ is far newer than the practice, which long

predates

Pompeii's

emergence

as

a

dark

attraction.

Dr

Philip

Stone,

perhaps

the world's leading academic expert on dark tourism, considers the

Roman

Colosseum

to be one of first dark tourist sites, where people travelled

long

distances

to

watch

death

as

sport.

Later,

until

the

late

18

century,

the appeal was crueler still in central London, where people paid money

to sit in grandstands to watch mass hangings. Dealers would sell pies at

the site, which was roughly where

Marble Arch

stands today.

It was only in 1996 that ‘dark tourism' entered the scholarly

vocabulary

when

two

academics

in

Glasgow

applied

it

while

looking

at

sites

associated

with

the

murder

of

John

y.

Those

who

study

dark

tourism

identify plenty of reasons for the growing phenomenon, including raised

awareness

of

it

as

an

identifiable

thing.

Access

to

sites

has

also

improved

with the arrival of cheap air travel. It's hard to imagine that the

Auschwitz-Birkenau

memorial and museum would now welcome mare than two

million visitors a year were it not for its nearness to Krakow's

international airport. Peter Hohenhaus, a widely travelled dark tourist

based in Vienna,also points to the broader rise in off-the-beaten track

tourism,beyond the territory of popular guidebooks and TripAdvisor

rankings. ‘A lot of people don't want mainstream tourism and that often

means

engaging

with

places

that

have

a

more

recent

history

than,

say,a

Roman

ruin.

in the

news so if feels closer to one’s owe biography(传记)”

Hohenhaus

is

also

a

fan

of‘

beauty

in

decay’,

the

contemporary

cultural

movement in which urban ruins have become subject matter for expensive

coffee-table

books

and

a

thousand

lnstagram

(

照片墙）

The

crossover

with death is clear.“I have always been drawn to ruined things,

54-year-old says. But while, like any tourism, dark tourism at its best

is educational, the example of Grenfell Tower (a London tower

block,destroyed by a

fire

in 2017 with

7l deaths) hints at the unease

felt

at some sites.“I remember the Lonely Planet Bluelist book had a chapter

about dark tourism a while ago and one of the rules was 'don't go back too

early'.

close.I can see the I would not stand in the street taking

a selfie

（自拍）merrily.”

63. 'Dark tourism' can be defined as tourism involving travel to

places____________

A. hardly having access to in ancient times

B. with a history even before human civilization

C. historically related to death and tragedy

D. in Europe famous for cruel but exciting sports

tourism came into sight when_________.

A. scholars finally revealed secrets about some historical events

B. people were no more satisfied with ordinary tourist destinations

C. road transportation was able to take people around the world

D. researchers realized the significance of sustainable tourism

is implied in Hohenhaus' words in the last paragraph?

A. People fail to get lessons from disasters causing terrible loss.

B. The media are publicizing the modern city ruins improperly.

C. Visitors are free to take selfies with the ‘beauty of decay’.

D. Some tourists show a lack of respect for dark tourist sites.

of the following best serves as the title of this passage?

A. Morality mirrored in tourism

B. Tourism boomed with tragedies

C. Ranking of dark tourism sites

D. Proper attitudes to dark tourism

Section C

Directions:

Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper

sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that

there are two more sentences than you need.

A. In other words, because we paid off and closed a line of credit, our

scores took a hit.

B. It is always more important to know how much you are able to earn

than to borrow.

C. All it tells you is whether you are good at borrowing money and paying it

back.

D. Believe it or not, these standards allow you to be punished for becoming

Why I stopped worrying about my credit score?

If

you

believed

everything

you

read

about

your

credit

score,

you'd

think

it was the most important component of your financial health. Without a

good

credit

score

and

history,

the

experts

say,

it's

more

difficult

qualify

for a mortgage(

按揭

)or a car loan- and more expensive if you're approved

for a loan, too, because you won't get the best interest rates. In many

states,

bad

credit

can

even

raise

your

insurance

payments,

cost

you

a

rental

apartment, or make it harder to get hired. ___67_____

First off, there are several credit scores out there. While it's

important

to

cultivate

your

credit

scores

by

using

credit

responsibly,

your

FICO credit score may not be the same as what VantageScore reports, and

lenders may use a different one entirely, so focusing on one score can be

a fruitless exercise. More important as financial reporter Dave Ramsey

notes on his blog, your credit score is not a measure of your overall

financial health. He writes:

FICO, the most popular credit- scoring agency, users several weighted

factors to determine your credit score, including payment history (35

percent),

amounts

owed

(30

percent),

length

of

credit

history

(15

percent),

new credit (10

percent), and credit

mix

(10 percent). 69 My husband

and I enjoyed steady

credit scores above 820 for a while. But when we paid

off one of our rental properties in 2017, we both saw our credit scores

fall by

20 or more points. The sudden

drop

took place because we

completed

a 15-year loan and reduced the average length of our credit history

tremendously. 70 That

’

s

blackmail.

I

would

rather

be

debt-free

than

have a perfect credit score.

Your

credit

score

is

certainly

important

when

you

’

re

starting

out

and

likely to borrow money for a

down payment

(

首付

) on a home or some other

big purchase. But

once you

’

re fairly

established financially, it

’

s much