同等学力英语真题及参考答案

2000

年同等学力人员申请硕士学位

外国语水平全国统一考试参考答案

Paper One

试卷一

(90 minutes)

Part I Listening Comprehension

(20 minutes, 15 points)

（略）

Part II Vocabulary

(10 minutes, 10 points)

Section A

Directions:

In this section there are ten sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from

the four choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding

letter on the

ANSWER SHEET

with a single line through the center.

16. If he told his wife about their plan, she was bound to agree.

A. would unnecessarily

B. would simply

C. would certainly

D. would alternatively

17. As college teachers, they enjoy talking about their own specialties.

A. problems

B. experiences

C. interests

D. fields

18. John's mindless exterior concealed a warm and kindhearted nature.

A. appearance

B. personality

C. outlook

D. temper

19. Factors leading to the crisis included poor regulation, mismanagement and deception in the

industry, and competition from other types of financial firms.

A cheating

B. pollution

C. abuse

D. depression

20. The colors in these artificial flowers are guaranteed not to come out.

A. disappear

B. vanish

C. fade

D. blend

21. Initial reports were that multiple waves of warplanes bombed central Baghdad, hitting oil

refineries and the airport.

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A. beating

B. knocking

C. hurting

D. striking

22. The editor considered the author's analysis in his article to be penetrating.

A. extensive

B. profound

C. conclusive

D. valuable

23. Beijing Television-Station Transmitting Tower really looks magnificent at night when it's

A. decorated

B. illustrated

C. lit up

D. studied carefully

24. A good employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering with their creativity.

A. freedom

B. assistance

C. clues

D. funds

25. When snow collects on top of a building during the winter, the weight sometimes weakens the

construction and occasionally causes the roof to collapse.

A. melts

B. accumulates

C. selects

D. scatters

Section B

Directions

: In this section, there are ten incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four

choices

marked

A,

B,

C

and

D.

Choose

the

one

answer

that

best

completes

the

sentence.

Then

mark

the

corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

26.

Starting

as

a

_______

campus

movement,

initially

observed

on

March

21,

Earth

Day

has

become

a

major

educational and media event.

A. student-leading

B. student-led

C. student-leaded

D. student-lead

27. Professor Wu traveled and lectured throughout the country to ______education and professional skills so that

women could enter the public world.

A. prosecute

B. acquire

C. advocate

D. proclaim

28. In principle, a person whose conduct was caused by mental disorder should not be liable to

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Criminal _______.

A. identification

B. punishment

C. investigation

D. commitment

29. A major goal of the state travel agency is to ______ more people to visit its country at the turn of the century.

A. reduce

C. arouse

B. expect

D. induce

30. Steel is an alloy composed ______of iron and carbon.

A. primarily

B. traditionally

C. carefully

D. partially

31. The author of the book has shown his remarkably keen ______into human nature.

A. intellect

B. insight

C. perception

D. understanding

32. We'll all take a vacation in the mountains as soon as I finish working ______ my project.

A. on

'

B. with

C. in

D. about

33. The Government has therefore agreed to pay authorities extra sums to ______ for their financial losses.

A. make up

B. turn up

C. fill in

D. lean on

34. As the firm's business increased they __ more and more employees.

A. took up

B. took in

C. took after

D. took on

35. Though the doctors tried everything they couldn't save him from the deep ______ wound.

A. shot

B. punch

C. pinch

D. stab

Part III Reading Comprehension

(45 minutes, 30 points)

Directions

: There are six passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions or

unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the

best answer and mark the corresponding letter on the

ANSWER SHEET

with a single line through the center.

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Passage One

Astronaut Jim Voss has enjoyed many memorable moments in his career, including three space flights and

one space walk. But he recalls with special fondness a decidedly earthbound (

为地球所吸引

) experience in the

summer of 1980, when he participated in the NASA - ASEE Summer Faculty Fellowship Program. Voss then a

science

teacher

at

West

Point,

was

assigned

to

the

Marshall

Space

Flight

Center's

propulsion

(

推进

)

lab

in

Alabama to analyze why a hydraulic fuel pump on the space shuttle was working so well when previous seals had

failed. It was a seemingly tiny problem among the

vast complexities of running the space program. Yet it was

important

to

NASA

because

any

crack

in

the

seal

could

have

led

to

destructive

results

for

the

astronauts

who

relied on them.

“I

worked a bit with NASA engineers,”

says V

oss,

handheld calculator, not a computer, to do a thermodynamic (

热力学的

) analysis,

At the end of

the summer, he, like the other NASA-ASEE fellows working at Marshall, summarized his f'indings in a formal

presentation and detailed paper. It was a valuable moment for Voss because the ASEE program gave him added

understanding of NASA, deepened his desire to fly in space, and intensified his application for astronaut status.

It was not an essay process. V

oss was actually passed over when he first applied for the astronaut program in

1978.

Over

the

next

nine

years

he

reapplied

repeatedly,

and

was

finally

accepted

in1987.

Since

then

he

has

participated in three space mission. The 50-year-old Army officer, who fives in Huston, is now in training fro a

four-month mission as a crew member on the International Space Station starting in July 2000

V

oss says the ASEE program is wonderful for all involved.

academic world and gives NASA a special properly for a particular period of time. It brings some

fresh eyes and fresh ideas to NASA, and establishes a link with our colleges and universities,

Voss explains.

“

There

’

s an exchange of information and an exchange of perspectives that is very

important.

”

For

the

academic

side,

Voss

says,

the

ASEE

program

also

institutions

of

higher

learning

more

insight into new technology. We give them an opportunity to work on real-world problems and take it back to the

classroom.

36. Why was the hydraulic fuel pump seal important for the space shuttle?

A. Because previous seals all failed.

B. Because it was very complex in running the space program.

C. Because great care has to be taken of the hydraulic fuel pump sealing.

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D. Because any crack in the seals would cause disastrous results for the astronauts.

37. The great significance of V

oss's findings lies in _________.

I. strengthening his determination to join in space flights

II. furthering his understanding of NASA

III. consolidating his astronaut status in NASA programs

A. I only.

B. II only.

C. I, II and III all included.

D. I and II only.

38.

How

many

flights

will

V

oss

have

finished

if

his

Four-month

mission

starting

in

July

2000

ends

up

successfully?

A. Three

C. Four

B. Two

D. Five

39. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to what V

oss said on the ASEE program?

A. Fresh members from die academic world participate in the program.

B. The program brings new outlooks to HASA space programs.

C. It is important for the space scientists to exchange information and perspectives.

D. American colleges and universities me a special property of NASA.

40. What does V

oss want to stress in the last paragraph?

A. The technological significance of the program

B. The educational significance of the program

C. The philosophical significance of the program

D. The historical significance of the program

Passage Two

The current emergency in Mexico City that has taken over our fives is nothing. I could ever have imagined

for me or my children, we are living in an environmental crisis, an air - pollution

emergency of unprecedented severity. What it really means is that just to breathe here is to play a

dangerous game with your health.

As parents, what terrorizes us most are reports that children are at higher risk because they

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breathe more times per minute. What more can we do to protect them and ourselves? Our

pediatrician's (

儿科医师的

) medical recommendation was simple: abandon the city permanently.

We

are

foreigners

and

we

are

among

the

small

minority

that

can

afford

to

leave.

We

are

here

because

of

my

husband's

work.

We

are

fascinated

by

Mexico--its

history

and

rich

culture.

We

know

that

for

us,

this

is

a

temporary danger. However, we cannot stand for much longer the fear we feel for our boys. We cannot stop them

from breathing.

But for millions, there is no choice. Their lives, their jobs, their futures depend on being here. Thousands of

Mexicans arrive each day in this city, desperate for economic opportunities. Thousands more are born here each

day. Entire families work in the streets and practically live there. It is a familiar sight: as parents hawk goods at

stoplights, their children play in the grassy highway dividers, breathing exhaust fumes. I feel guilty complaining

about my personal situation; we won't be here long enough for our children to form the impression that skies are

colored only gray.

And

yet

the

government

cannot

do

what

it

must

to

end

this

problem.

For

any

country,

especially

a

developing

Third

World

economy

like

Mexico's,

the

idea

of

barring

from

the

capital

city

enough

cars,

closing

enough factories and spending the necessary billions on public transportation is simply not an option. So when

things

get

bad,

as

in

the

current

emergency,

Mexico

takes

half

measures

—

prohibit ing

some

more

cars

from

circulating, stopping some factories from producing--that even its own officials concede aren't adequate.

The word

concept loses its meaning. It is human nature to try to adapt to that which we cannot change. Or to

mislead ourselves into believing we can adapt.

41. According to the passage, the current emergency in Mexico City refers to ________.

A. serious air pollution

C. unemployment

B. economic crisis

D. natural disaster

42. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

A. Kids are in greater danger than grown-ups in Mexico City.

B. The author is not a native Mexican.

C. The author

’

s husband is a pediatrician.

D. The Mexican history and culture appeal to the author.

43. The word

A. sell

B. transport

C. place

D. deliver

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44. The Mexican government takes half measures to solve the pollution problem because______.

A. Mexican economy depends very much on cars and factories

B. it is not wise enough to come up with effective measures

C. Mexicans are able to adapt themselves to the current emergency

D. Mexicans enjoy playing dangerous games with their health

45. The purpose of the passage is to _________.

A describe the harmful air pollution

B. explain the way to prevent air pollution

C. show the worries about the air pollution

D. recommend a method to avoid air pollution

Passage Three

In

1998

consumers

could

purchase

virtually

anything

over

the

Internet.

Books,

compact

discs,

and

even

stocks were available from World Wide Web sites that seemed to spring up almost daily. A few years earlier, some

people had predicted that consumers accustomed to shopping in stores would be reluctant to buy things that they

could not see or touch in person. For a growing number of time-starved consumers, however, shopping from their

home computer was proving to be a convenient alternative to driving to the store.

A research estimated that in 1998 US consumers would purchase $$ 7.3 billion of goods over the Internet,

double the 1997 total. Finding a bargain was getting easier owing to the rise of online

auctions and Web sites that did comparison shopping on the Internet for the best deal.

For

all

the

consumer

interest,

retailing

in

cyberspace

was

still

a

largely

unprofitable

business,

however.

Internet pioneer , which began selling books

in 1995 and later branched into recorded music and

videos, posted revenue of $$ 153.7 million in the third quarter, up from $$37.9 million in the same period of 1997.

Overall, however, the company's loss widened to $$45.2 million from $$ 9.6 million, and analysis did not expect the

company to turn a profit until 2001. Despite the great loss, had a stock market value of many billion,

reflecting investors' optimism about the future of the industry.

Internet retailing appealed to investors because it provided an efficient means for reaching

millions of consumers without having the cost of operating conventional stores with their armies of salespeople.

Selling online carried its own risks, however. With so many companies competing for consumers' attention, price

competition was intense and profit margins thin or nonexistent. One video retailer sold the hit movie Titanic for

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$$

9.99,

undercutting

(

削价

)

the

$$

19.99

suggested

retail

price

and

losing

about

$$

6

on

each

copy

sold.

With

Internet retailing still in its initial stage, companies seemed willing to absorb such losses in an attempt to establish

a dominant market position.

46. Which of the following is TRUE, according to the writer?

A. Consumers are reluctant to buy things on the Internet.

B. Consumers are too busy to buy things on the Internet.

C. Internet retailing is a profitable business.

D. More and more consumers prefer Internet shopping.

47. Finding a' bargain on the Internet was getting easier partly because _______.

A. there were more and more Internet users

B. there were more and more online auctions

C. the consumers had more money to spend

D. there were more goods available on the Internet

48.

A. to the interest of all the consumers

B. for the interest of all the consumers

C. though consumers are very much interested

D. all the consumers are much interested

49. It can be inferred from the passage that Amazon. Com ________.

A. will probably make a profit in 2001

B. is making a profit now

C. is a company that sells books only

D. suffers a great loss on the stock market

50. Investors are interested in Internet retailing because __________.

A. selling online involves little risk

B. Internet retailing is in its initial stage

C. it can easily reach millions of consumers

D. they can make huge profits from it

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Passage Four

It is all very well to blame traffic jams, the cost of petrol and the quick peace of modern life, but manners on

the

roads

are

becoming

horrible.

You

might

tolerate

the

rude

and

inconsiderate

driver,

but

nowadays

the

well-mannered motorist is the exception to the rule. Perhaps the situation calls for a

campaign, otherwise, it may get completely out of hand.

Road

politeness

is

not

only

good

manners,

but

good

sense

too.

It

takes

the

most

cool-headed

and

good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when subjected to uncivilized behaviors. On the other

hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards relieving the tensions of motoring. A friendly nod or a wave of

acknowledgement in response to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so

necessary

in

modern

traffic

conditions.

But

such

acknowledgements

of

politeness

are

all

too

rare

today.

Many

drivers nowadays don't even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.

However, improper politeness can also be dangerous. A typical example is

the driver who waves a child

across

a

crossing

into

the

path

of

oncoming

vehicles

that

may

be

unable

to

stop

in

time.

The

same

goes

for

encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they care to.

A veteran driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if motorists learn to filter correctly into

traffic streams without causing the total blockages (

堵塞

) that give rise to bad

temper. Unfortunately, modern motorists can't even learn to drive, let alone be well-mannered on the

road. Years

ago the experts warned us that the car- ownership explosion would demand a lot more give- and-take from all road

users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.

51. According to this passage, troubles on the road are primarily caused by _______.

A. people's attitude towards drivers

B. the rhythm of modern life

C. traffic conditions

D. the behavior of the driver

52. The sentence

mannered motorist is the exception to the rule

A. our society is unjust towards well-mannered motorists

B. rude drivers can be met only occasionally

C. nowadays impolite drivers constitute the majority of motorists