-are
Part
Ⅰ
Writing(30
minutes)
Directions:
For
this
part,
you
are
allowed
30
minutes
to
write
a
short
essay
e
ntitled
Food
Contamination.
You
should
write
at
least
120
words
following
the
outlin
e
given
below:
1.
最近常有食品安全的问题出现；
2.
食品安全问题危害很大；
3.
你认为应该如何解决该问题。
Part
II
Reading
Comprehension
(Skimming
and
Scanning)
(15
minutes)
Directions:
In
this
part,
you
will
have
15
minutes
to
go
over
the
passage
quic
kly
and
answer
the
questions
on
Answer
Sheet
1.
For
questions
1-7,
choose
the
b
est
answer
from
the
choices
marked
A),
B),
C)
and
D).
For
questions
8
to10,
com
plete
the
sentences
with
the
information
given
in
the
passage.
Using
the
mind
to
fight
diseases
Psychology
has
a
new
application
in
the
field
of
medicine.
Many
doctors,
toget
her
with
their
patients,
are
looking
for
alternative
methods
of
treatment
of
physical
problems.
In
large
hospitals
and
research
centers,
modern
methods
of
therapy
see
m
to
focus
on
the
physical
disease
without
considering
the
patients'
mental
state.
Patients
may
feel
that
they
are
being
treated
impersonally,
like
broken
machines.
S
ome
doctors
have
recognized
this
as
a
problem.
They
are
now
using
psychological
therapy
with
patients
to
use
their
own
minds
to
fight
their
diseases.
Because
the
patient
is
working
with
the
medicine
and
the
doctors
against
the
disease,
his
or
he
r
attitude
changes.
The
patient
does
not
wait
for
the
medicine
and
treatment
to
cur
e
him
or
her,
but
instead
the
patient
joins
in
the
fight.
Mental
therapy
The
doctor
knows
that
a
disease
affects
a
patient's
body
physically.
The
body
of
the
patient
(in
this
case,
a
man)
changes
because
of
the
disease.
He
is
not
o
nly
physically
affected,
but
as
the
physician
knows,
he
also
has
an
emotional
resp
onse
to
the
disease.
Because
his
mind
is
affected,
his
attitude
and
behavior
chang
e.
The
medical
treatment
might
cure
the
patient's
physical
problems,
but
the
patient
's
mind
must
fight
the
emotional
ones.
For
example,
the
studies
of
one
doctor,
Car
l
Simonton,
M.
D.,
have
shown
that
a
typical
cancer
patient
(in
this
case,
a
woma
n)
has
predictable
attitudes.
She
typically
feels
depressed,
upset,
and
angry.
Her
s
elf-image
is
poor
and
she
feels
self-
pity.
As
a
result,
her
behavior
changes.
Becau
se
of
her
constant
depression,
she
acts
unfriendly
toward
her
family,
friends,
doctor
s,
and
nurses.
Such
attitudes
and
behaviors
prevent
the
patient
from
getting
well.
Therefore,
a
doctor's
treatment
must
help
the
patient
change
her
attitudes.
Simonto
n's
method
emphasizes
treatment
of
the
whole
patient
by
treating
both
the
body
an
d
the
mind.
The
attitude
of
a
cancer
patient
who
is
receiving
radiation
therapy,
an
X-ray
tr
eatment,
can
become
more
positive.
The
physician
who
is
following
Simonton's
psy
chological
treatment
plan
suggests
that
the
patient
imagine
that
he
or
she
can
see
the
tumor
（肿瘤）
in
the
body.
In
the
mental
picture,
the
patient
a
powerful
beam
of
radiation
like
a
million
bullets
of
energy.
The
patient
imagines
the
beam
hi
tting
the
tumor
cells
and
causing
them
to
shrink.
For
another
cancer
patient,
Dr.
Si
monton
might
make
another
suggestion.
This
patient,
with
a
different
kind
of
cancer,
needs
to
take
capsules
and
pills
several
times
a
day.
The
doctor
asks
the
patient
to
imagine
the
medicine
going
from
the
stomach
into
the
bloodstream
and
to
the
cancer
cells.
The
patient
imagines
that
the
medicine
is
like
an
army
fighting
the
dis
eased
cells
and
sees
the
cancer
cells
gradually
dying.
His
or
her
blood
carries
aw
ay
the
dead
cells.
Both
the
medical
therapy
and
the
patient's
positive
attitude
fight
the
disease.
Doctors
are
not
certain
why
this
mental
therapy
works.
However,
this
use
of
p
sychology
does
help
some
patients
because
their
attitudes
about
themselves
chang
e.
They
become
more
confident
because
they
use
the
power
within
their
own
mind
s
to
help
stop
the
disease.
Suggestion
therapy
Another
application
of
using
the
mind
to
help
cure
disease
is
the
use
of
sugg
estion
therapy.
Before
making
the
suggestion,
the
doctor
helps
the
patient
to
conce
ntrate
deeply.
The
patient
(in
this
case,
a
man)thinks
only
about
one
thing.
He
bec
omes
so
unaware
of
other
things
around
him
that
he
seems
to
be
asleep.
He
is
s
aid
to
be
in
a
trance
（催眠状态）
.
Then
the
physician
makes
suggestion
to
the
patient
about
the
medical
problem.
The
patient's
mind
responds
to
the
suggestion
even
after
the
patient
is
no
longer
in
the
trance..
In
this
way,
the
patient
uses
his
mind
to
help
his
body
respond
to
treatment.
Suggestion
therapy
helpful
for
both
adults
and
children
Doctors
have
learned
that
this
use
of
psychology
is
helpful
for
both
adults
and
children.
For
example,
physicians
have
used
suggestion
to
help
adults
deal
with
t
he
strong
pain
of
some
disease.
Furthermore,
sometimes
the
adult
patient(in
this
c
ase,
a
woman)
worries
about
her
illness
so
much
That
the
anxiety
keeps
her
from
getting
well.
The
right
suggestions
may
help
the
patient
to
stop
being
anxious.
Su
ch
treatment
may
help
the
patient
with
a
chronic
（慢性的）
disease
s.
Asthma
（哮喘）
is
an
example
of
a
chronic
disorder.
Asthma
is
a
disease
that
causes
the
patient
t
o
have
difficulty
in
breathing.
The
patient
starts
to
cough
and
sometimes
has
to
fig
ht
to
get
the
air
that
he
or
she
needs.
Psychology
can
help
relieve
the
symptoms
of
this
disorder.
After
suggestion
therapy,
the
asthma
patient
breathes
more
easily.
Physicians
have
learned
that
the
psychological
method
is
very
useful
in
treatin
g
children.
Children
respond
quickly
to
the
treatment
because
they
are
fascinated
b
y
it.
For
example,
Dr.
Basil
R.
Collison
has
worked
with
121
asthmatic
children
in
Sydney,
Australia,
and
had
good
results.
Twenty-five
of
the
children
had
excellent
r
esults.
They
were
able
to
breathe
more
easily,
and
they
did
not
need
medication.
Another
forty-three
were
also
helped.
The
symptoms
of
the
asthma
occurred
less
fr
equently,
and
when
they
did,
they
were
not
as
strong.
Most
of
the
children
also
fel
t
better
about
themselves.
Doctors
have
also
used
suggestion
to
change
habits
like
nail-biting,
thumb-sucking,
and
sleep-related
problems.
Response
from
the
medical
world
Many
professional
medical
groups
have
accepted
the
medical
use
of
psycholo
gy
because
they
recognize
its
value.
Nobody
knows
how
suggestion
works;
howeve
r,
doctors
have
learned
that
psychology
has
important
applications
in
medicine.
1.
What
does
the
passage
mainly
discuss?
A)
How
to
use
the
mind
against
disease.
B)
How
modern
methods
of
therapy
focuses
on
the
physical
disease.
C)
Response
from
the
medical
world.
D)
How
suggestion
therapy
benefits
to
adults
and
children.
2.
How
does
psychological
therapy
work?
A)
The
patient
waits
for
the
medicine
and
treatment
to
cure
him.
B)
The
doctor
uses
medical
treatment
to
cure
the
patient's
problems.
C)
The
doctor,
the
medicine,
and
the
patient
work
together
to
fight
disease.
D)
The
patient
uses
his
minds
to
cure
himself.
3.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
studies
of
Carl
Simonton,
M.
D.?
A)
The
medical
treatment
can
cure
the
patient's
mental
disease.
B)The
treatment
of
a
patient
by
treating
the
body
and
the
mind
is
necessary.
C)The
mental
treatment
is
more
important
than
medical
treatment.
D)Few
patients
have
emotional
response
to
the
disease.
4.
The
use
of
psychological
therapy
is
helpful
to
some
patients
in
that .
A)
the
medical
effect
is
better
with
psychological
therapy
than
without
it
B)
the
patients
can
see
a
powerful
beam
of
radiation
hitting
their
tumor
cells
C)
the
patients'
attitudes
towards
themselves
have
changed
D)
the
patients
are
easy
to
accept
the
methods
the
doctors
use
to
treat
them
5.
,
the
patient
can
use
his
mind
to
help
his
body
respond
to
treatment.
A)
In
medical
treatment
B)
In
mental
therapy
C)
In
the
tumor
operation
D)
In
suggestion
therapy
6.
It
can
be
learned
from
the
passage
that
suggestion
therapy
cannot
be
used
to
.
A)
help
adults
deal
with
the
strong
pain
of
some
diseases
B)
help
the
patients
with
chronic
diseases
C)
help
change
bad
habits
like
nail-
biting,
thumb-sucking,
and
sleep-related
pr
oblems
D)
help
patient
overcome
insomnia
7.
According
to
the
passage,
which
of
the
following
remains
unknown
so
far?
A)
Many
doctors
have
recognized
the
psychological
value
B)
Suggestion
therapy
is
helpful
for
both
adults
and
children
C)
Medical
researchers
have
known
how
suggestion
works
D)
Doctors
have
learned
that
psychology
is
important
in
medical
treatment
注意：此部分试题在答题卡
1
上作答；
8
－
10
题在
答题卡
1
上。
Part
III
Listening
Comprehension
(35
minutes)
Part
Ⅳ
Reading
Comprehension(Reading
in
Depth)
(25
minutes)
Section
A
Directions:
In
this
section,
there
is
a
passage
with
ten
blanks.
You
are
require
d
to
select
one
word
for
each
blank
from
a
list
of
choices
given
in
a
word
bank
fo
llowing
the
passage.
Read
the
passage
through
carefully
before
making
your
choic
es.
Each
choice
in
the
bank
is
identified
by
a
letter.
Please
mark
the
correspondin
g
letter
for
each
item
on
Answer
Sheet
2
with
a
single
line
through
the
centre.
Yo
u
may
not
use
any
of
the
words
in
the
bank
more
than
once.
注意：此部分试题在答题
卡
2
上作答
Questions
47
to
56
are
based
on
the
fallowing
passage.
Have
you
ever
known
anyone
famous?
If
so,
you
may
have
found
that
they
a
re
remarkably
similar
to
the
rest
of
us.
You
may
have
even
heard
them
__47__
to
people
saying
there
is
anything
different
about
them.
“I’m
really
just
a
norm
al
gu
y,”
__48__
an
actor
who
has
recently
rocketed
into
the
spotlight.
There
is,
of
cours
e,
usually
a
brief
period
when
they
actually
start
to
believe
they
are
as
great
as
th
eir
__49__
fans
suggest.
They
start
to
wear
__50__
clothes
and
talk
as
if
everyon
e
should
hear
what
they
have
to
say.
This
period,
however,
does
not
often
last
lon
g.
They
fall
back
to
reality
as
fast
as
they
had
__51__
risen
above
it
all.
What
will
it
feel
like
to
soar
to
such
__52__
and
look
down
like
an
eagle
from
up
high
on
everyone
else?
And
what
will
it
feel
like
to
have
flown
so
high
only
to
__53__
fro
m
your
dream
and
realize
you;
are
only
human?
Some
only
see
the
__54__
in
los
ing
something
they
had
gained.
They
often
make
__55__
attempts
to
regain
what
t
hey
lost.
Often
these
efforts
result
in
even
greater
pain.
Some
become
__56__
fina
ncially
and
emotionally.
The
only
real
winners
are
those
who
are
happy
to
be
back
on
the
ground
with
the
rest
of
us.
A)
desperate
B)
disappointing
C)
cruelty
D)
bankruptE)
fancy
F)
protects
G)
altitude
H)
similarly
I)
wake
J)
contest
K)
object
L)
worshipping
M)
dignity
N)
originally
O)
protests
Section
B
Directions:
There
are
2
passages
in
this
section.
Each
passage
is
followed
by
some
questions
or
unfinished
statements.
For
each
of
them
there
are
four
choices
marked
A),
B),
C)
and
D).
You
should
decide
on
the
best
choice
and
mark
the
c
orresponding
letter
on
Answer
Sheet
2
with
a
single
line
through
the
centre.
注意：此部分试题
在答题卡
2
上作答。
Passage
One
Questions
57
to
61
are
based
on
the
following
passage.
A
detailed
and
thorough
research
project
undertaken
by
the
Open
University
r
ecently
reported
that
their
evidence
appears
to
show
that
competition
between
near
by
schools
does
not
significantly
improve
academic
standards.
Indeed,
their
report
i
nclines
to
the
opposite
outcome;
the
exam
results
may
actually
decline
where
com
petition
is
fiercest.
When
the
further
education
sector
was
privatized
a
few
years
ago,
competiti
on
between
colleges
became
truly
fierce,
at
least
in
urban
areas
where
potential
st
udents
could
choose
between
several
of
them.
Colleges
appointed
highly
paid
mark
eting
directors
and
gave
them
large
budgets;
some
even
interested
student
s
with
promises
of
hundreds
of
pounds
if
they
completed
certain
courses
satisfactor
ily.
Fully
competitive
markets
being
a
philosophical
foundation
of
Britain's
recent
g
overnments,
it
was
no
surprise
to
hear
claims
that
many
educational
developments
of
the
1990s
would
move
us
towards
a
free
market
in
secondary
educ
ation
---givin
g
youngsters
and
their
parents
a
free
choice
of
where
to
study.
However,
the
seco
ndary
sector
did
not
become
particularly
competitive
while,
admittedly,
the
consume
rs
have
been
given
more
information,
which
is
one
aspect
of
a
truly
free
market.
It
is
very
rare
that
two
nearby
schools
with
at
least
some
empty
places
are
similar
enough
to
be
comparable
yet
different
enough
to
be
rankable;
only
where
that
occ
urs
can
there
be
true
competition.
The
Open
University
research
was
probably
not
flawed---but
its
conclusions
ar
e.
This
is
because
the
team
did
not
really
compare
areas
having
true
competition
(as
just
defined)
with
areas
that
do
not.
But,
let
us
all
breathe
a
sigh
of
relief.
Secondary
schools
had
started
of
late
t
o
move
in
the
marketing
direction----
considering
allocating
scarce
resources
of
staff
and
money
to
persuading
the
pupils
that
their
schools
are
the
best
in
the
area.
N
o
schools
could
afford
to
do
that
properly,
so
it
is
a
relief
to
realize
this
research
t
ells
us
we
don't
have
to.
Competition?
We
haven't
got
time
for
it!
Let's
spend
our
small
budget
in
teach
ing
and
learning,
not
in
competing
and
marketing.
57.
It
is
indicated
in
the
passage
that
competition
between
schools
results
in .
A)
higher
enrollment
rate
B)
lower
academic
standard
C)
higher
marketing
expenses
D)
privatization
of
further
education
58.
Real
competition
can
happen
only
when
.
A)
academic
standard
is
improved
B)
there
are
comparable
schools
with
different
educational
qualities
C)
students
have
different
interests
D)
schools
of
all
areas
have
sufficient
budget
for
their
development
59.
According
to
the
passage,
the
free
market
in
secondary
education
.
A)
only
provides
consumers
with
more
information
B)
is
more
competitive
than
the
higher
education
market
C)
means
there
will
be
more
intensive
competition
than
in
colleges
D)
is
a
real
surprise
to
Britain's
recent
government