北外语言学及应用语言学真题

北外

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语言学及 应用语言学真

题

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作者：

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日期：

2002

年

语言学与应用语言学

（

100 points

）

All the questions are to be answered in English on the answer sheets provided.

1.

Displacement,arbitrarines s,productivity,cultural

transmission,discreteness

and

duality

are

sometimes

listed

as

the

6

core

features

of

human

3

out

of

the

6

and

explain

with

examples

what

they

mean.

(12

points)

2. Briefly explain what phonetics and phonology are concerned with and what kind of relationsips hold between

the two.(10 points)

deriving new words via a prefix such as mis-, there seems to be some constraint on what is permitted. The

words

in

the

first

colum

below

are

acceptable

formations,but

in

the

other

columns

are

out

what

the

rule(s) might be for making new adjectives with the prefix mis-. (18 points)

Column I : misadventure

misjudgement

misplaced

mistrustful

Column II:

*mishappy

*mismeal

*misglad

*misrole

Column III:

*mismilk

*missad

*misword

*miscrazy

4.

Using

what

you

know

about

Grice's

cooperative

principle

and

its

four

maxims,analyze

the

following

short

exchange.(20 points)

同事甲：小张昨晚去哪儿了？

同事乙：今天在早上我看见一辆白色富康停在小林家门口。

5.

In

each

of

the

following

sentences,the

second

part

cancels

some

information

given

by

the

first

part.

However,this seems to result in quite acceptable utterances in group (1) and in very awkward utterances in guoup

(2). Explain why. (20 points)

Group (1)

老张有三个孩子，其实还不止三个。

b.

我只喜欢黄色和蓝色，不过试试 红色也未尝不可。

c.

Group (2)

*d.

我特后悔选修了这门课，其实我没有选修这门课。

*e.

她这次考试又不及格，不过她 上次及格了。

*f.

我在乡下日子过得很苦，说真 的我没在向下呆过。

6. Put yourself into the position of an English teacher in China. What are your goals and the goals of the students

and the educational sysem in the teaching and learning of English? When the goeals do not converge,how can you

reconcile the differences between them?(20 points)

2003

年

语言学与应用语言学

All the questions are to be answered in English on the answer sheets provided.

in

our

mental

lexicon

are

known

to

be

related

to

one

another.

Discuss

the

relationships

between

words,using examples from the English language.(15 points)

grammar books say there are three basic tenses in English-the present,the past and the future; others say

there are only two basic tenses,-the present and the past. Explain what tense is and whether it is justifiable to say

there is a future tense in English.(35 points)

3.(1) Give an account of what you know about the English subjuntive mood.(20 points)

(2) If you are to teach a group of senior middle school students the subjunctive mood in 45 minutes,how are

you going to plain your class?(20 points)

4. It has been observed that women tend to approximate more closely to the standard language than men

do you think is this so?(30 points)

do you think are teh similarities and dissimilarities between learning a first and a second language?(30

points)

2004

年

语言学与应用语言学

IMPORTANT!!!

All the questions are to be answered in English on the answer sheets provided.

1. Shakespeare has Juliet say:

What is in a name?That which we call a rose

By any other name would smell as sweet.

What

do

you

think

the

above

lines

say

to

you

about

the

relationship

between

the

form

(sounds)

and