-longman
2019
专四培训班学生讲义
写作
1.
专四写作题型简介
考试项目
Composition
Note writing
分值
15
10
改革前
字数
200
50
-
60
时间
35
10
分值
20
改革后
字数
200
无此项
时间
45
2.
四级作文考试要求
测试要求
:
能根据
所给的作文题目、
图表或阅读材料等,
写一篇
< br>200
个单词左右的作文。
能做到容相关、
充实,语言通顺,用词恰当,表达得体。考试时间
45
分钟。
测试形式:
本部分
为作答题,要求学生根据题目要求作答。本部分为命题作文,文章体裁主要属于说明
文、
议论文或记叙文的围。
测试目的
:
测试学生的基本书面表达能力。
3.
如何安排
45
分钟的考试时间:
步骤
1.
解读材料
2.
列提纲
3.
写作文
4.
检查拼写和语法错误
4.
评分标准
时间安排
10
分钟
3
分钟
30
分钟
2
分钟
年份
2016
年
2017
年
2018
年
2019
年
TEM4
作文材料长度
222
字
251
字
275
字
300
字
评分档次
(
6
个等级)
5
4
3
2
1
0
分数段
(整体描述)
18-20
15-17
12-14
8-11
1-7
0
容阐述能力
(
10
分)
8.5-10
7.5-8
6-7
5-5.5
1-5
0
篇章组织能力
(3
分
)
2.5-3
2-2.5
1.5-2
1-1.5
0.5-1
0
语言运用能力
(
7
分)
6.5-7
5.5-6
4.5-5
3.5-4
1-3
0
p>
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2019
专四培训班学生讲义
写作
写作
Lesson
1:
如何缩写
1.
如何对所给材料提出
SUMMARY?
第一,字数要求。缩写的字数不超过原文的三分之一
缩写评分要求
第二,缩写必须准确表述文摘的主题和中心容
第三,缩写必须全面抓住材料的所有要点
2.
如何抓住材料要点语篇分析训练
1.
材料的主题
/
< br>话题(
topic
)是什么:
2.
材料的要点是什么?
3.
专四材料常见类型和常见文章发
展模式:
观点型
问题解决型
因果分析型
4.
summary
的写作框架
Step 1:
引出
topic
(一句话)
Step 2:
介绍材料观点
(一句话)
Step 3:
概括要点
(
2-5
句话)
常见要点类型:原因、解决办
法、积极
/
消极影响、
Y
例分析
Read
carefully
the
following
excerpt
on
term-
time
holiday
arguments
in
the
UK,
and
then
write
your response In NO LESS THAN 200 words, in which
you should:
1)
summarize the main message of the
excerpt, and then
2)
comment on whether parents should take
children out of school for holiday during term
time in order to save money
You should support yourself with
information from the excerpt
Marks will
be awarded for content relevance, content
sufficiency, organization and language
quality. Failure to follow the above
instructions may result in a loss of marks
Term-time
holidays will be banned
(2016
年真题)
Parents are to be banned by Michael
Gove, UK
’
s Education
Secretary, from taking their
children
out of school to save money on holidays.
He
is
to
abolish
the
right
of
head
teachers
to
absence
from
the
classroom,
which has been used to let families
take term-time breaks, and will warn them they
face fines
for their children not being
at school
“
Any time out of
school has the potential to damage a
child
’
s education,
at the Department for Education said
this weekend.
distinction between
authorised and unauthorised
absence.
”
“
This is part of the
government
’
s wider
commitment to bring down truancy levels in our
schools. There will also be stricter
penalties for parents and
schools.
”
第
2
页(共
10
页)
2019
专四培训班学生讲义
写作
The
tough
measures
on
truancy
are
part
of
a
wider
attempt
by
Mr.
Gove
to
make
education more academically rigorous
and to tackle a culture in the educational
establishment
which he believes has
accepted
”
Russell Hobby, the general secretary of
the National Association of Head Teachers, said
the measure would discourage parents
from trying to put pressure on heads to sanction
term
time holidays.
child's
education is more important than a holiday,
卷一:
Term-time Holidays Should Be Banned
Whether the term-time
holidays should be banned has aroused an heaten
discussion for a longtime.
Some in
favor of hold that the more popular term-time
holidays they are, the more bad influence children
will have. However, some against it
because they think take their children out of
school for holiday during
term time can
save much money.
From my point of view,
I am inclined to ban the term-time
holidays,
…
.
评价
:
_____________
__________________________________________________
_____________________________
__________
__________________________________________________
________________________________
_______
__________________________________________________
___________________________________
卷二
Term-time
Holidays Should Be Banned
As
is
known
to
all,
it
pays
too
much
if
we
go
on
holidays
outside
of
term
time.
As
a
result,
some
parents are inclined to take their
children out of school to save money on holidays.
Recently, a hot discussion about
whether term-time holidays should be banned
attracts our attention.
In terms of
this topic, Michael Gove,
UK
’
S Education Secretary, is
in favor of it. As experts said, any time
out of school was likely to damage a
child's education. The authoratatives contend that
parents should be
fined for their
mistakes. On the other hand, some people think the
punishment is excessive but a
child
’
s
education
is more important than a holiday.
From
my
perspective,
I
hold
the
view
that
term-time
holidays
should
be
banned
for
following
reasons:
…
评价
:
_
__________________________________________________
_________________________________________
________________________________________________ ____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_______________________________________________
卷三
My Opinion on the Term-time Holidays
The
latest
news
on
the
term-time
holidays
reveals
that
parents
are
to
be
banned
from
taking
their
children away from school during term-
time. Those who break this new rule will face
fines as a result.
The regulation was
established, according to a senior source at the
Department for Education, mainly
because the time out of school would do
harm to children
’
s
educational development. He also mentioned
that the regulation was an integral
part of government's practice to lower the truancy
levels in schools. This
rigorous
measure is believed to resolve the cultural
problems in the education eventually.
Additionally, the
第
3
< br>页(共
10
页)
2019
专四培训班学生讲义
写作
general secretary of the National
Association of Head Teachers considered the
measure useful as it would
prevent
parents from too much pressure.
To the
best of my belief, it is unwise to ban parents
from taking their children out of school for
holiday
in purpose of saving money.
Firstly,
…
.
评价
:
_____________
__________________________________________________
_____________________________
__________
__________________________________________________
________________________________
_______
__________________________________________________
___________________________________
____
__________________________________________________
______________________________________
卷四
As
can be seen from the excerpt, in UK, there is a
frequent occurrence among parents to take their
children
out of school to enjoy
holidays during normal term time. This is partly
due to the cost of journey since this
behavior
will
save
them
money.
However,
it
can
be
summarized
that
parents
are
banned
by
UKS
Education Department from taking their
children out of academic study to go on holidays.
What's more,
those who violate the
regulations would be fined and punished.
评价
:
_______________________________________
__________________________________________________
___
____________________________________
__________________________________________________
______
_________________________________
__________________________________________________
_________
______________________________
__________________________________________________
____________
卷五
New
research
has
shown that
nearly
four
out
of
ten
parents
in
the
UK
have taken
their
children
out of
school to go on
holidays. Cost is the main reason given by parents
for sacrificing their children's education.
Parents are to be banned, however, by
UKS Education Authority from taking their children
out of school to
go on holidays during
term time.
评价
:
_____________
__________________________________________________
_____________________________
__________
__________________________________________________
________________________________
_______
__________________________________________________
___________________________________
____
__________________________________________________
______________________________________
6.
真题研析
2017
年专四作文题目
Read
carefully
the
following
excerpt
and
then
write
your
response
in
NO
LESS
THAN
200
words, in which you should
1) summarize the main message of the
excerpt, and then
2) comment on whether
our brains will get lazy in a world run by
intelligent machines.
You
can support yourself with information from the
excerpt.
Marks will be awarded for
content relevance, content sufficiency,
organization and language
quality.
Failure to follow the above instructions may
result in a loss of marks
第
4
页(共
10
页)
2019
专四培训班学生讲义
写作
With intelligent machines
to do the thinking, will our brains get lazy?
Changing technology
stimulates the brain and increases intelligence.
But that may only be
true if the
technology challenges us. In a world run by
intelligent machines, our lives could get
a lot simpler. Would that make us less
intelligent?
Artificial
intelligence
is
taking
over
many
human
jobs.
For
instance,
planes
are
being
flown
much
of
the
time
by
automatic
pilots.
And
the
complex
problem
of
controlling
air
traffic
around
large
modern
airports
is
also
achieved
by
artificial
intelligence
that
operates
well beyond the
capability of mere human air traffic controllers.
Artificial intelligence is embedded in
many features of modern life for the simple reason
that
intelligent
machines
can
already
outperform
humans,
including
some
aptitudes
where
there was once thought
to be a human advantage, such as playing chess,
and writing poetry,
or even novels.
As machines get smarter, they will do
more of our thinking for us and make life easier.
In
the future, the electronic assistant
will develop to the point that it serves similar
functions as a
real living butler,
fulfilling requests such as:
invite the
usual guests.
”
At
that
point,
our
long
struggle
with
challenging
technologies
is
at
an
end.
Like
Bertie
Wooster, we can take it easy knowing
that the hard work of planning and organizing is
being
done
by
a
better
brain
-----the
electronic
assistant.
Starved
of
mental
effort,
our
brains
will
regress.
要点总结
Topic
Viewpoint
(
谁的观点)
要点
SUMMARY:_______
__________________________________________________
_____________
__________________________
__________________________________________________
____
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