英语推理判断练习 答案带解析

高三阅读专项训练之推理判断专练

A

The majority of people on this planet live through ego(

自我意识

). They feel that they

are

themselves

special,

apart

from

the

crowd

in

some

way.

Also,

they

aren't

willing

to

acknowledge other people's special

-

ness, and feel that they are threatened by the people who

are different from them.

Besides,

there

are

many

different

'exclusive

clubs'

which

people

join

under

certain

conditions,

like

Colour

of

skin

clubs,

Sports

clubs,

and

so

on.

What

many

people

fail

to

acknowledge, however, is that there is in fact only one club The Human Being club.

Our diversity is what makes life interesting. I love watching people who dance or create

music beautifully, draw out emotions through their acting skills, or are accomplished athletes.

I also understand myself well enough to know that I don't have enough passion for any of

these things to make the sacrifices necessary to come close to their level of excellence.

I believe that it is human nature to communicate and cooperate with people who are like

us,

but

what

a

lot

of

people

see

as

'like

us'

is

narrowed

down

to

very

superficial(

表面

)

characteristics. I remember my Jamaican friend's sister being most put out. She had been the

only black woman in her company and then another black woman was employed. They were

automatically put to work together because they were both black and obviously had a lot in

common

-

so thought the employer! The truth was that they had nothing in common, didn't

come from the same country and actively disliked each other. It's always a mistake to assume

anything on a purely superficial basis.

I

have

many

friends

who

are

members

of

a

variety

of

the

above

mentioned clubs

and

each

one

of

them

has

taught

me

so

much

about

different

cultures

and

life

styles,

and

has

enriched my life in the process. I encourage anyone to strike up a conversation with someone

who

doesn't

look

like

them

-

you

might

be

surprised

at

exactly

how

much

you

have

in

common.

1

．

According to the first two paragraphs people tend to _________.

A

．

feel they are special

C

．

admit others are special

2

．

How is the Paragraph 3 mainly developed?

A

．

By analyzing causes.

B

．

By setting an example.

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B

．

feel they are lack of ego

D

．

admit only one club exist

C

．

By giving a description.

D

．

By making comparisons.

3

．

The author mentioned his Jamaican friend’s sister to show ___________.

A

．

black women have a lot in common indeed

B

．

it is human nature to cooperate with people

C

．

people understand “like us” in a narrow way

D

．

people often make mistakes in judging others

4

．

What does the author advise people to do in the last paragraph?

A

．

To enrich their own life.

C

．

To talk to different people.

B

Japanese researchers made a botanical announcement on Monday that quickly circled the

world. They had developed a banana with an eatable peel

（皮）

—the Mongee banana.

The technique used by scientists at D&T Farm is called “freeze thaw awakening”. The

process involves starling banana trees out in an environment that’s nearly minus

-

80 degrees

Fahrenheit, then moving the trees with their still

-

ripening bananas to a climate of around 80

degrees

-

an

environment

banana

trees

typically

grow

in

the

entire

time.

The

extreme

temperature change puts the banana’s growth into a superfast

-

speed mode. In this case, the

fruit

ripens

before

the

skin

can

catch

up.

The

result

is

soft

and

thin

skin

that

hasn’t

fully

developed.

The banana has been produced only in small amount so far, so customers face a steep

bill to save themselves the bother of peeling their banana: it is currently priced at 648 yen ($$6)

a

’s

also

the

question

of

whether

a

banana

peel

is

actually

worth

eating

and

whether regular banana peels had, rather suddenly, become too big a problem for people who

slip on them to bear anymore.

And

what

about

shipping?

For

most

of

the

fruit’s

history,

the

peel

has

provided

protection, allowing it to travel long distances from where it’s grown to nearly every country

on

Earth.

A

softer

banana

would

be

a

step

back

from

regular

banana

varieties

that

travel

thousands of miles.

But the banana in the news is arguably good, particularly for a fruit that rarely receives

its share of attention. Bananas are the most

consumed fruit in Japan, and also in the U.S. So

even

if

eatable

-

peel

bananas

don’t

ensure

plentiful

bananas,

or

even

necessarily

nutritious

bananas, they still look great on Instagram, which probably ensures them a future in Japan’s

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B

．

To join an exclusive club.

D

．

To experience different life.

famous luxury

（奢侈）

fruit markets.

5

．

What do we know about “freeze thaw awakening”?

A

．

It allows the banana skin to be as ripe as the fruit.

B

．

It leaves the banana skin thin and partially

-

< br>developed.

C

．

It forces banana trees to grow more slowly than usual.

D

．

It provides an environment banana trees typically grow in.

6

．

What might be the major problem for the export of the Mongee banana?

A

．

Its weak market.

B

．

Its unreasonable price.

C

．

Its small amount

D

．

Its inconvenient transport.

7

．

What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A

．

There is potential market for the Mongee banana.

B

．

Japanese have become fans of eatable

-

peel bananas.

C

．

Eatable

-

peel bananas are healthier than regular ones.

D

．

The Mongee banana doesn’t receive enough attention.

8

．

What is the author’s attitude towards the eatable

-

peel bananas?

A

．

Positive.

B

．

Cautious.

C

．

Doubtful.

D

．

Objective.

C

Yesterday night, over a dinner with my elder brother’s family, a topic of happiness came

up. My wife, Marla, a psychologist, was sharing Csikszentmihalyi’s concept of “flow” with

us. Marla explained that according to the research on flow, people are happiest when they are

absorbed

in

a

task

that

is

just

challenging

enough

for

them

to

experience

a

sense

of

mastery(

熟练

).

A few moments later my brother, Yuri, offered the following opinion: “The first and only,

necessary and sufficient factor for happiness is to stop associating happiness with pleasure.

The two — happiness and pleasure — have nothing to do with each other.” This morning,

with my cup of coffee, I searched through a pile of books on my bedside table and—at the

bottom—found a book by Bertrand Russell, I started reading but didn’t finish. In it, I found

the following thought:

“The human animal, like others, is adapted to a certain amount of struggle for life, and

when by means of great wealth homo sapiens can gratify all his whims (

突发奇想

) without

effort, the mere absence of effort from his life removes an essential ingredient of happiness.”

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The conversation came full circle: people are happiest when they are in a state of flow

(Csikszentmihalyi’s

language

)…which

is

the

effortful

devotion

in

a

moment…which

has

nothing to do with pleasure.

Indeed,

as

Yuri

insisted

:

happiness–as–pleasure

is

a

myth;

the

association

between

happiness

and

pleasure

is

nothing

but

a

semantic(

语义的

)

habit;

psychologically,

the

two—happiness

and

pleasure—are

arguably

different;

and

breaking

up

this

association

between

pleasure

and

happiness

might,

in

fact,

be

a

powerfully

first

step

in

pursuit

of

happiness.

As I look back on that exchange, I recall that there was an effort, a struggle to find a

common understanding about this seemingly difficult idea—a struggle that made me happy.

9

．

The author wrote this text mainly to ________.

A

．

look back on the happy night

B

．

advise readers to read Bertrand Russell

C

．

tell readers how to be happiest

D

．

show different opinions on family gathering

10

．

According to Marla, people feel happiest when they ________.

A

．

get what they want without effort

B

．

master the happiness around them

C

．

involve themselves in a challenging task

D

．

experience things that can bring pleasure

11

．

What writing style is used by the author to explain happiness?

A

．

Giving examples.

B

．

Using quotes.

C

．

Making comparisons.

D

．

Offering arguments.

12

．

The best title of the text may probably be ________.

A

．

The struggle for life

B

．

Happiness as pleasure

C

．

A topic over the dinner

D

．

The effort for happiness

D

Three

years

ago

a

flash

of

lightning

almost

destroyed

Lyn

Diana's

house

in

Aberdeen—with her two children inside. “There was a huge rainstorm

，

” she says, recalling

the

terrifying

experience.

My

brother

and

I

were

outside

making

every

effort

to

stop

floodwater from coming in the house. Suddenly I was thrown to the ground by a very large

bang. When I picked myself up, the roof and the whole upper storey of the house had been

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destroyed. The door was blocked by broken bricks, but we forced our way in and found the

children, thankfully unharmed. Later I was told that to be struck by lightning is a chance in

million, In fact, it's at one chance in 600 000. Even so, Dr. Mark Keys of AER Technology, an

organization that monitors the effects of lightning, thinks you should be careful. He advises

anyone who is unlucky enough to be caught in a storm to get down on the ground and bend

into a ball, making yourself as small as possible.

Nancy

Wilder

was

playing

golf

at

a

club

in

Surrey

when

she

was

hit

by

a

flash

of

lightning. Mrs. Wilder's heart stopped beating, but she was brought back to consciousness and,

after a few days in hospital, where she was treated for burns to her head, hands and feet, she

was pronounced fit again. Since that time, she has been a completely fair?weather golfer. In

fact, a golf course is one of the most dangerous places to be during a thunderstorm. The best

place to be is inside a car!

Harold Deal, a retired electrician from South Carolina, USA, was struck by lightning 26

years ago. He seemed to be unhurt, but it later turned out that the strike had damaged the part

of

the

brain

which

controls

the

sensation

of

temperature.

Since

then

the

freezing

South

Carolina winters haven't bothered Harold.

13

．

What damage did the rainstorm cause to Mrs. Diana's family?

A

．

Her house was flooded and fell down.

B

．

Her children were seriously ill and hurt.

C

．

The top storey of her house was completely destroyed.

D

．

The door in the house was broken by a very large bang.

14

．

What did Mrs. Wilder do after surviving the lightning strike?

A

．

She played golf only on fine days.

B

．

She never played golf again.

C

．

She often went to see a doctor.

D

．

She never took any medicine.

15

．

What do we know about Harold Deal from the last paragraph?

A

．

The lightning strike did not do any harm to him.

B

．

The lightning strike burnt his hair and skin terribly.

C

．

He suffered a lot from the freezing cold in South Carolina.

D

．

He wasn't sensitive to temperatures after the lightning strike.

16

．

What can we conclude from the passage?

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A

．

It happens quite often that lightning strikes people during a storm.

B

．

During a thunderstorm you are safer in your house than in your car.

C

．

During a thunderstorm it is the safest for you to stay under a big round ball.

D

．

If you are caught in a storm, you'd get down as low as possible on the ground.

E

Telemedicine is the name for when doctors give advice to patients by telephone or the

Internet, or when health care providers in rural areas connect with specialists in big cities.

Telemedicine

has

existed

for

a

long

time,

but

the

rise

of

smart

phones,

tablets

and

webcam

-

equipped computers is raising telemedicine to new levels. Some health care systems

in

the

United

States

now

offer

Virtual

Urgent

Care,

patients

see

a

doctor

by

video

chat

without having to leave home.

Diana Rae is a nurse educator in the western state of Washington. She recently showed

how Virtual Urgent Care works. She used an iPad tablet and skype — the video chat service.

Doctor Green has the patient describe her symptoms, then the doctor performs a physical

exam by demonstrating what he wants her to do. Doctor Green decides that the problem is a

silence infection. For medicine, he prescribes an antibiotic. He says about 3 out of 4 patients

have health problems that can be treated like this —through Virtual Urgent Care, that means a

video chat could replace a visit to the doctor's office.

The Franciscan Health System is based in Tacoma, Washington. Franciscan charges $$35

for this kind of virtual house call, that is much less than the cost of going to an emergency

room, a doctor's office or an urgent care clinic.

After trying the video conference, Diana Rae says, “I would've paid twice that for the

convenience of getting taken care of without having to sit in a waiting room, wait, and get

exposed to everyone else's germs.”

Franciscan has a deal with a company called Carena to add virtual urgent care by Skype

or phone. Carena is one of several companies doing this kind of work around the country. But

a company official says state rules have not kept progress with developments in telemedicine.

The workers who provide virtual urgent care must be separately licensed in each state where

the

company

does

business.

For

now,

that

means

Carena

doctors

can

treat

patients

in

Washington state and California for example, but not in neighboring Oregon or Idaho.

17

．

The second paragraph is mainly used to show ________.

A

．

why telemedicine becomes popular

B

．

the advantages of telemedicine

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