-anything
英语四级阅读题库含答案解析
英语四级阅读题库含答案解析
e
One
Global warming may or may not be
the great environmental crisis of the
21
st
century,
but
regardless of whether it is or
isn
’
t
–
we
won
’
t do much about it.
We will argue over
it and may even, as a nation, make some
fairly solemn-sounding commitments to avoid
it. But the more dramatic and
meaningful these commitments seem, the less likely
they
are to be observed.
Al
Gore calls global warming an
“
inconvenient
truth,
”
as if
merely recognizing it
could put us on a
path to a solution. But the real truth is that we
don
’
t know enough to
relieve global warming, and
–
without major technological
breakthroughs
—
we
can
’
t do
much
about it.
From 2003 to 2050, the
world
’
s population is
projected to grow from 6.4 billion to 9.1
billion, a 42% increase. If energy use
per person and technology remain the same, total
energy use and greenhouse gas emissions
(mainly, CO2) will be 42% higher in 2050. but
that
’
s too low,
because societies that grow richer use more
energy. We need economic
growth
unless
we
condemn
the
world
’
s
poor
to
their
present
poverty
and
freeze
everyone
else
‘
s
living
standards.
With
modest
growth,
energy
use
and
greenhouse
emissions more
than double by 2050.
No
government
will
adopt
rigid
restrictions
on
economic
growth
and
personal
freedom
(limits
on
electricity
usage,
driving
and
travel)
that
might
cut
back
global
warming. Still,
politicians want to show
they
’
re
“
doing
something.
”
Consider the
Kyoto
Protocol
(
京都议定书
). It allowed
countries that joined to punish those that
didn
’
t. But it
hasn
’
t reduced
CO2 emissions (up about 25% since 1990), and many
signatories
(
签字
国
)
didn
’
t adopt tough enough
policies to hit their 2008-2012 targets.
The
practical
conclusion
is
that
if
global
warming
is
a
potential
disaster,
the
only
solution
is
new
technology.
Only
an
aggressive
research
and
development
program
might find ways of breaking dependence
on fossil fuels or dealing with it.
The
trouble with the global warming debate is that it
has become a moral problem when
it
’
s
really
an
engineering
one.
The
inconvenient
truth
is
that
if
we
don
’
t
solve
the
engineering problem,
we
’
re helpless.
57. What is said about global warming
in the first paragraph?
A)
It
may
not
prove
an
environmental
crisis at all.
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B)
It
is
an
issue
requiring
world
wide
commitments.
英语四级阅读题库含答案解析
C)
Serious steps have been taken to avoid
or stop it.
D) Very little
will be done to bring it under
control.
58. According to the
author
’
s understanding, what
is Al Gore
’
s view on global
warming?
A) It is a reality both people
and politicians are unaware of.
B) It
is a phenomenon that causes us many
inconveniences.
C) It is a problem that
can be solved once it is recognized.
D)
It is an area we actually have little knowledge
about.
59. Green house emissions will
more than double by 2050 because of _______.
A) economic growth
B) the
widening gap between the rich and
poor
C) wasteful use of energy
D)
the
rapid
advances
of
science
and
technology
60. The author
believes that, since the signing of the Kyoto
Protocol, ________.
A) politicians have
started to do something to better the situation
B) few nations have adopted real tough
measures to limit energy use
C)
reductions in energy consumption have greatly cut
back global warming
D) international
cooperation has contributed to solving
environmental problems
61. What is the
message the author intends to convey?
A) Global warming is more of a moral
issue than a practical one.
B) The
ultimate solution to global warming lies in new
technology
C) The
debate over global warming will lead to
technological breakthroughs.
D) People
have to give up certain material comforts to stop
global warming.
Passage Two
Someday
a
stranger
will
read
your
e-mail
without
your
permission
or
scan
the
Websites
you
’
ve visited. Or perhaps
someone will casually glance through your credit
card purchase or cell phone bills to
find out your shopping preferences or calling
habits.
In fact,
it
’
s likely some of these
things have already happened to you. Who would
watch
you
without
your
permission?
It
might
be
a
spouse,
a
girlfriend,
a
marketing
company, a boss, a
cop or a criminal. Whoever it is, they will see
you in a way you never
intended to be
seen
—
the
21
st
century equivalent of
being caught naked.
Psychologists tell
us boundaries are healthy, that
it
’
s important to reveal
yourself to
friends, family and lovers
in stages, at appropriate times. But few
boundaries remain. The
digital
bread
crumbs
(
碎
屑
)
you
leave
everywhere
make
it
easy
for
strangers
to
reconstruct
who
you
are,
where
you
are
and
what
you
like.
In
some
cases,
a
simple
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英语四级阅读题库含答案解析
Google search can reveal what you
think. Like it or not, increasingly we live in a
world
where you simple cannot keep a
secret.
The key question is: Does that
matter?
When opinion polls ask
Americans about privacy, most say they are
concerned about
losing it. A survey
found an overwhelming pessimism about privacy,
with 60 percent of
respondents saying
they feel their privacy is
“
slipping away, and that
bothers me.
”
But
people say one thing and do another. Only a tiny
fraction of Americans change
any
behaviors in an effort to preserve their privacy.
Few people turn down a discount at
tollbooths
(
收费
站
)
to
avoid
using
the
EZ-Pass
system
that
can
track
automobile
movements.
And
few
turn
down
supermarket
loyalty
cards.
Privacy
economist
Alessandro
Acquisti has run a series of tests that reveal
people will surrender personal
information like Social Security
numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful
50-cents-off
coupon
(
优惠券
).
But
privacy does matter
–
at least sometimes.
It
’
s like health: When you
have it, you
don
’
t notice it.
Only when it
’
s gone do you
wish you
’
d done more to
protect it.
62. What does the author
mean by saying
“
the
21
st
century equivalent of
being caught
naked
”
(Lines 3-4, Para.2)?
A) People
’
s
personal information is easily accessed without
their knowledge.
B) In the
21
st
century people try
every means to look into
others
’
secrets.
C) People tend to be more frank with
each other in the information age.
D)
Criminals are easily caught on the spot with
advanced technology.
63. What would
psychologists advise on the relationships between
friends?
A)
Friends
should
open
their
hearts
to
each
other.
B)
Friends
should
always
be
faithful
to
each
other.
(Line 5, Para.3)?
A)
Modern society has finally evolved into an open
society.
B) People leave traces around
when using modern technology.
C) There
are always people who are curious about
others
’
affairs.
D) Many search engines profit by
revealing people
’
s
identities.
65. What do most Americans
do with regard to privacy protection?
英语四级阅读题库含答案解析
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C)
There
should
be
a
distance
even
between friends.
D)
There
should
be
fewer
disputes
between friends.
64. Why
does the author say
“
we live
in a world where you simple cannot keep a
secret
”
英语四级阅读题库含答案解析
A)
They change behaviors that might disclose their
identity.
B) They use various loyalty
cards for business transactions.
C)
They rely more and more on electronic
devices.
D) They talk a lot
but hardly do anything
about it.
66. According to the passage, privacy
is like health in that ________.
A)
people will make every effort to keep it
B) its importance is rarely understood
C) it is something that can easily be
lost
D) people
don
’
t cherish it until they
lose it
e One
Questions
57
to
61
are
based
on
the
following
passage.
If you are a male and you are
reading
this
,congratulations:
you
are
a
survivor
.According
to
statistics
.you
are
more
than
twice
as
likely
to
die
of
skin
cancer
than
a
woman
,and
nine
times
more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming
you
make
it
to
the
end
of
your
natural
term,
about
78
years
for
men
in
Australia,
you
will
die
on
average
five
years
before
a
英语四级阅读题库含答案解析
woman.
There
are
many
reasons
for
this-typically,
men
take
more
risks
than
woman
and
are
more
likely
to
drink
and
smoke
but
perhaps
more
importantly,
men don
’
t go to
the doctor.
“
Men
aren
’
t seeing doctors as
often
as they should,
”
says Dr.
Gullotta,
“
This
is
particularly
so
for
the
over-40s,when
diseases tend
to strike.
”
Gullotta
says
a
healthy
man
should
visit
the
doctor
every
year
or
two.
For
those over 45,it should be at least
once a
year.
Two
months
ago
Gullotta
saw
a
50-year-old
ma
who
had
delayed
doing
anything about his
smoker
’
s cough for a
year.
“
When I
finally saw him it had already
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英语四级阅读题库含答案解析
spread
and
he
has
since
died
from
lung
cancer
”
he
says,
“
Earlier
detection
and
treatment may not have cured him, but
it
would have prolonged this
life
”
According
to
a
recent
survey,
95%of
women
aged
between
15
and
early
40s
see
a
doctor
once
a
year,
compared
to
70% of men in the same
age group.
“
A lot of men
think they are invincible
（不可战胜的）”
Gullotta says
“
They only
come
in when a friend drops dead on the
golf
course
and
they
think
”
Geez,
if
it
could happen to him.
Then
there is the ostrich
approach,
”
some
men
are
scared
of
what
might
be
there and would rather
not know,
”
says
Dr. Ross Cartmill.
“
Most
men
get
their
cars
serviced
more
regularly
than
they
service
their
bodies,
”
Cartmill says .He believes most
diseases that commonly affect men could
be addressed by preventive check-ups.
英语四级阅读题库含答案解析
Regular
check-ups
for
men
would
inevitably place strain on the public
purse,
Cartmill
says.
”
But
prevention is cheaper
in
the
long
run
than
having
to
treat
the
diseases.
Besides,
the
ultimate
cost
is
far
greater: it is called
premature death.
”
does the
author
congratulate
his
male
readers
at
the
beginning
of
the
passage?
A.
They are more likely to survive serious
diseases today.
B.
Their
average
life
span
has
been
considerably extended.
C.
They
have
lived
long
enough
to
read
this
article.
D.
They
are
sure
to
enjoy
a
longer
and
happier live.
does the author state is the most
important
reason
men
die
five
years
earlier on average
than women?
A. men drink and smoke much
more than
women
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B.
men don
’
t seek medical care
as often
as women
C.
men
aren
’
t
as
cautions
as
women
in
face of
danger
D. men are more likely to suffer
from fatal
diseases
59.
Which of the following best completes
the sentence
“
Geez, if it could happen to
him
…’
(line2,para,
8)?
A. it could happen to me, too
B. I should avoid playing golf
C. I should consider myself lucky
D. it would be a big misfortune
60what
does
Dr.
Ross
Cartmill
mean
by
“
the ostrich
approach
”
(line q para.9)
A. a casual attitude towards
one
’
s health
conditions
B. a new therapy
for certain psychological
problems
C. refusal to get medical treatment for
fear
of the pain involved
D.
unwillingness to find out about
one
’
s
英语四级阅读题库含答案解析
disease because of fear
61.
What does Cartmill say about regular
check-ups for men?
may
increase public expenses
will save
money in the long run
may cause
psychological strains on
men
will enable men to live as long as
women
Passage Two
Questions
62
to
66
are
based
on
the
following
passage.
High-quality
customer
service
is
preached(
宣
扬
)
by
many
,but
actually
keeping
customers
happy
is
easier
said
than done
Shoppers
seldom
complain
to
the
manager
or
owner
of
a
retail
store,
but
instead
will
alert
their
friends,
relatives,
co-workers,
strangers-and
anyone
who
will
listen.
Store
managers
are
often
the
last
to
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hear
complaints,
and
often
find
out
only
when
their
regular
customers
decide
t
frequent their
competitors, according to a
study
jointly
conducted
by
Verde
group
and Wharton school
“
Storytelling
hurts
retailers
and
entertains
consumers,
”
said
Paula
Courtney, President of the Verde
group.
”
the
store
loses
the
customer,
but
the
shopper must also find a
replacement.
”
On
average, every unhappy customer
will
complain
to
at
least
four
other,
and
will
no
longer
visit
the
specific
store
for
every
dissatisfied
customer,
a
store
will
lose
up
to
three
more
due
to
negative
reviews. The resulting
“
snowball
effect
”
can be
disastrous to retailers.
According
to
the
research,
shoppers
who purchased
clothing encountered the
most
problems.
ranked
second
and
third
were grocery and electronics customers.
The
most
common
complaints
英语四级阅读题库含答案解析
include
filled
parking
lots,
cluttered
(
塞满
了
的
)
shelves,
overloaded
racks,
out-of-stock
items,
long
check-out
lines,
and rude salespeople.
During
peak
shopping
hours,
some
retailers
solved
the
parking
problems
by
getting
moonlighting
< br>（业余兼职的）
local
police
to
work
as
parking
attendants.
Some
hired
flag
wavers
to
direct
customers
to
empty
parking
spaces.
This
guidance
eliminated
the
need
for
customers
to
circle
the
parking
lot
endlessly,
and
avoided
confrontation
between
those
eyeing
the
same
parking
space.
Retailers can relieve the headaches by
redesigning
store
layouts,
pre-stocking
sales
items,
hiring
speedy
and
experienced
cashiers,
and
having
sales
representatives
on
hand
to
answer
questions.
Most importantly,
salespeople should
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be
diplomatic
and
polite
with
angry
customers.
“
Retailers
who
’
re
responsive
and
friendly
are
more
likely
to
smooth
over
issues than those who
aren
’
t so
friendly.
”
said
Professor
Stephen
Hoch.
“
Maybe
something
as
simple
as
a
greeter
at
the
store entrance would
help.
”
Customers
can
also
improve
future
shopping experiences
by filing complaints
to
the
retailer,
instead
of
complaining
to
the
rest
of
the
world.
Retailers
are
hard-pressed to improve when they have
no idea what is wrong.
注意：此部
分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答
62. Why are store managers often the
last
to hear complaints?
A
Most
customers
won
’
t
bother
to
complain even if they have had unhappy
experiences.
B
Customers
would
rather
relate
their
unhappy
experiences
to
people
around
英语四级阅读题库含答案解析
them.
C
Few
customers
believe
the
service
will
be improved.
D Customers
have no easy access to store
managers.
63.
What
does
Paula
Courtney
imply
by
saying
“
…
the shopper must also find a
replacement
”
(Line 2, Para. 4)?
A
New
customers
are
bound
to
replace
old ones.
B It is not likely
the shopper can find the
same products
in other stores.
C Most stores provide
the same
D Not complaining to the
manager causes
the shopper some trouble
too.
64. Shop owners often hire
moonlighting
police
as
parking
attendants
so
that
shoppers_____
A can stay
longer browsing in the store
B
won
’
t have trouble parking
their cars
C
won
’
t have any worries about
security
D can find their cars easily
after shopping
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65.
What
contributes
most
to
smoothing
over issues with customers?
A Manners of the salespeople
B Hiring of efficient employees
C Huge supply of goods for sale
D Design of the store layout.
66.
T
o
achieve
better
shopping
experiences,
customers
are
advised
to
_________.
A
exert
pressure
on
stores
to
improve
their service
B
settle
their
disputes
with
stores
in
a
diplomatic way
C
voice
their
dissatisfaction
to
store
managers directly
D
shop
around
and
make
comparisons
between stores
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3.
The
January fashion show, called Future Fashion ,
exemplified how
far green design has
come. Organized by the New York-based nonprofit
Earth
Pledge,
the
show
inspired
many
top
designers
to
work
with
sustainable fabrics for
the first time. Several have since made pledges to
include organic fabrics in their lines.
The
designers
who
undertake
green
fashion
still
face
many
challenges. Scott Hahn, cofounder with
Gregory of Rogan and Loomstate,
which
uses all-organic cotton, says high-quality
sustainable materials can
still be
tough to fine .
“
Most
designers with existing labels are finding
there aren
’
t
comparable fabrics that can just replace what
you
’
re doing
and
shat
your
customers
are
used
to,
”
he
says.
For
example,
organic
cotton
and
non-
organic
cotton
are
virtually
indistinguishable
once
woven into a dress. But
some popular synthetics, like stretch nylon, still
have few eco-friendly equivalents.
Those who do
make the switch are finding they have more
support.
Last
year
the
influential
trade
show
Designers
&
Agents
stopped
charging its participation fee for
young green
entrepreneurs
(
企业家
) who
attend its
two springtime shows in Los Angeles and New York
and gave
special
recognition
to
designers
whose
collections
are
at
least
25%
sustainable . It now
counts more than 50 green designers, up from fewer
than a dozen two years ago. This week
Wal-Mart is set to announce a
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major initiative aimed at helping
cotton farmers go organic: it will buy
transitional
(
过渡型的
) cotton at higher prices , thus helping to expand
the
supply of a key sustainable
material .
“
Mainstream is
about to occur,
”
says Hahn.
Some
analysts
(
分析师
)
are
less
sure
.
Among
consumers,
only
18%are even aware that
ecofashion exists, up from 6% four years ago.
Natalie
Hormilla,
a
fashion
writer,
is
an
example
of
the
unconverted
consumer, when
asked if she owned any sustainable clothes, she
replied:
“
Not that
I
’
m aware
of.
”
Like most
consumers, she finds little time to
shop, and when she does,
she
’
s on the hunt for
“
cute stuff that
isn
’
t too
expensive.
”
By her own admission, green just
isn
’
t yet on her mind. But
–
thanks to the combined
efforts of designers, retailers and suppliers
–
one day it will be.
57. What is said about
Future Fashion?
A) It inspired many
leading designers to start going green.
B) It showed that designers using
organic fabrics would go far.
C)
It
served
as
an
example
of
how
fashion
shows
should
be
organized.
D) It convinced
the public that fashionable clothes should be made
durable.
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58.
According to Scott Hahn, one big challenge to
designers who will go
organic is that
.
A)
much
more
time
is
needed
to
finish
a
dress
using
sustainable
materials .
B)
they
have
to
create
new
brands
for
clothes
made
of
organic
materials .
C)
customers
have
difficulty
telling
organic
from
non-
organic
materials .
D)
quality
organic
replacements
for
synthetics
are
not
readily
available .
59.
We
learn
from
Paragraph
3
that
designers
who
undertake
green
fashion
.
A) can attend various trade
shows free .
B) are readily recognized
by the fashion world
C)
can buy organic cotton at favorable prices .
D) are gaining more and more support .
60. What is Natalie
Hormilla
’
s attitude toward
ecofashion?
A)
She
doesn
’
t
seem
to
care
about
it.
C)
She
is
doubtful
of
its
practical value.
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B)
She
doesn
’
t
think
it
is
sustainable
D)
She
is
very
much
opposed to the idea
61. What
does the author think of green fashion?
A) Green products will soon go
mainstream.
B) It has a very promising
future.
C) Consumers have the final
say.
D) It will appeal more to
young people.
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the
following passage.
Scientists have
devised a way to determine roughly where a person
has lived using a
strand(
缕
) of hair , a
technique that could help track the
movements of criminal suspects or
unidentified murder victims .
The method relies on measuring how
chemical variations in drinking
water
show up in people
’
s hair.
“
You
’
re what you eat and drink, and
that
’
s recorded in you
hair,
”
said Thure
Cerling, a geologist at the University of Utah.
While
U.S
diet
is
relatively
identical,
water
supplies
vary.
The
differences
result
from
weather
patterns.
The
chemical
composition
of
rainfall changes slightly
as raid clouds move.
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Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water
are stable , but traces of
both
elements are also present as heavier
isotopes
(
同位素
) .
The heaviest
raid falls first .As a
result, storms that form over the Pacific deliver
heavier
water to California than to
Utah.
Similar
patterns
exist
throughout
the
U.S.
By
measuring
the
proportion of heavier hydrogen and
oxygen isotopes along a strand of
hair,
scientists
can
construct
a
geographic
timeline.
Each
inch
of
hair
corresponds to about
two months.
Cerling
’
s
team
collected
tap
water
samples
from
600
cities
and
constructed
a
mop
of
the
regional
differences.
They
checked
the
accuracy
of
the
map
by
testing
200
hair
samples
collected
from
65
barber shops.
They were able
to accurately place the hair samples in broad
regions
roughly corresponding to the
movement of raid systems.
“
It
’
s
not good for pinpointing (
精确定位
),
”
Cerling
said .
“
It
’
s
good
for eliminating many
possibilities.
”
Todd Park, a local detective, said the
method has helped him learn
more
about
an
unidentified
woman
whose
skeleton
was
found
near
Great Salt Lake.
The woman
was 5 feet tall. Police recovered 26 bones, a
T-shirt and
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several strands of hair.
When Park heard about the research, he
gave the hair samples to the
researchers. Chemical testing showed
that over the two years before her
death, she moved about every two
months.
She stayed in the Northwest,
although the test could not be more
specific
than
somewhere
between
eastern
Oregon
and
western
Wyoming.
“
It
’
s
still a substantial area,
”
Park said
“
But it
narrows it way down
for
me.
”
62. What is
the scientists
’
new discovery?
A)
One
’
s hair growth has to do
with the amount of water they drink.
B)
A person
’
s hair may reveal
where they have lived.
C) Hair analysis
accurately identifies criminal suspects.
D) The chemical composition
of hair varies from person to person.
63. What does the author mean by
“
You
’
re what
you eat and drink
”
(Line 1, Para.3)?
A) Food
and drink affect one
’
s
personality development.
B) Food and
drink preferences vary with individuals.
C) Food and drink leave traces in
one
’
s body tissues.
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D)
Food and drink are indispensable to
one
’
s existence.
64. What is said about the rainfall in
America
’
s West?
A) There is much more rainfall in
California than in Utah.
B) The water
it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland.
C) Its chemical composition is less
stable than in other areas.
D) It gathers more light isotopes as it
moves eastward.
65. What did
Cerling
’
s team produce in
their research?
A) A map showing the
regional differences of tap water.
B) A
collection of hair samples from various barber
shops.
C) A method to
measure the amount of water in human hair.
D) A chart illustrating the
movement of the rain system.
66. What
is the practical value of
Cerling
’
s research?
A) It helps analyze the quality of
water in different regions.
B) It helps the police determine where
a crime is committed.
C) It
helps the police narrow down possibilities in
detective work.
D)
It
helps
identify
the
drinking
habits
of
the
person
under
investigation.
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4.
Throughout this
long, tense election, everyone has focused on the
presidential candidates and how
they
’
ll change America.
Rightly so, but
selfishly,
I
’
m more fascinated by
Michelle Obama and what she might be
able to do, not just for this country,
but for me as an African-American
woman. As the potential First Lady, she
would have the world
’
s
attention.
And that means that for the
first time people will have a chance to get up
close
and
personal
with
the
type
of
African-
American
woman
they
so
rarely see.
Usually,
the
lives
of
black
women
go
largely
unexamined.
The
prevailing
theory
seems
to
be
that
we
’
re
all
hot-tempered
single
mothers who
can
’
t keep a man. Even in
the world of make-believe, black
women
still can
’
t escape the
stereotype of being eye-rolling, oversexed
females raised by our never-married,
alcoholic (
酗酒的
) mothers.
These
images
have
helped
define
the
way
all
women
are
viewed,
including Michelle Obama. Before she
ever gets the chance to commit to
a
cause, charity or foundation as First Lady, her
most urgent and perhaps
most
complicated duty may be simple to be herself.
It
won
’
t be easy. Because few
mainstream publications have done
in-
depth
features
on
regular
African-American
women,
little
is
known
about who we are, what
we think and what we face on a regular basis.
For better or worse, Michelle will
represent us all.
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Just as she will have her
critics, she will also have millions of fans who
usually have little interest in the
First Lady. Many African-American blogs
have written about what
they
’
d like to see Michelle
bring to the White
House
—
mainly
showing the world that a black woman can support
her
man and raise a strong black
family. Michelle will have to work to please
everyone
—
an
impossible
task.
But
for
many
African-American
women
like me, just a little of her poise
(
沉着
), confidence and
intelligence will go
a long way in
changing an image that
’
s
been around for far too long.
57.
Why
does
Michelle
Obama
hold
a
strong
fascination
for
the
author?
A) She serves
as a role model for African women.
B) She possesses many
admirable qualities becoming a First Lady.
C)
She
will
present
to
the world
a new
image of
African-American
women.
D) She will pay closer attention to the
interests of African-American
women.
58.
What
is
the
common
stereotype
of
African-American
women
according to the
author?
A) They
are victims of violence. B) They are of an
inferior violence.
C) They use quite a lot of body
language. D) They live on charity and
social welfare.
59. What do many African-Americans
write about in their blogs?
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A) Whether Michelle can
live up to the high expectations of her fans.
B) How Michelle
should behave as a public figure.
C) How proud they are to
have a black woman in the White House.
D) What Michelle should do
as wife and mother in the White House.
60. What does the author
say about Michelle Obama as a First Lady?
A) However many
fans she has, she should remain modest,
B) She
shouldn
’
t disappoint the
African-American community.
C) However hard she tries,
she can
’
t expect to please
everybody.
D)
She will give priority to African-American
women
’
s concerns.
61. What do
many African-American women hope Michelle Obama
will do?
A) Help change the prevailing view
about black women.
B) Help her husband in the task of
changing America.
C) Outshine previous First Lady.
D) Fully
display her fine qualities.
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are
based on the following passage.
When
next
year
’
s crop of
high-school
graduates
arrive
at
Oxford
University in the fall of 2009,
they
’
ll be joined by a new
face; Andrew
Hamilton,
the
55-year-old
provost
(
教务长
)
of
Yale,
who
’
ll
become
Oxford
’
s vice-
chancellor
—
a position
equivalent to university president
in
America.
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Hamilton
isn
’
t the only educator
crossing the Atlantic. Schools in
France,
Egypt,
Singapore,
etc,
have
also
recently
made
top-level
hires
from
abroad.
Higher
education
has
become
a
big
and
competitive
business
nowadays, and like so many businesses,
it
’
s gone global. Yet
the talent flow
isn
’
t universal. High-level
personnel tend to head in only
one
direction: outward from America.
The chief reason is that
American schools don
’
t tend
to seriously
consider looking abroad.
For example, when the board of the University
of
Colorado
searched
for
a
new
president,
it
wanted
a
leader
familiar
with the state
government, a major source of the
university
’
s budget.
“
We
didn
’
t
do
any
global
consideration,
”
says
Patricia
Hayes,
the
board
’
s chair.
The board ultimately picked Bruce Benson, a
69-year-old
Colorado businessman and
political activist (
活动家
) who
is likely to do
well
in
the
main
task
of
modern
university
presidents:
fund-raising.
Fund-raising
is
a
distinctively
American
thing,
since
U.S.
schools
rely
heavily
on
donations.
The
fund-raising
ability
is
largely
a
product
of
experience and necessity.
Many European universities,
meanwhile, are still mostly dependent
on
government
funding.
But
government
support
has
failed
to
keep
pace with rising
student number. The decline in government support
has
made
funding-raising
an
increasing
necessary
ability
among
administrators and has
hiring committees hungry for Americans.
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In
the
past
few
years,
prominent
schools
around
the
world
have
joined the trend. In
2003, when Cambridge University appointed Alison
Richard, another former Yale provost,
as its vice-chancellor, the university
publicly
stressed
that
in
her
previous
job
she
had
overseen
“
a
major
strengthening of
Yale
’
s financial
position.
”
Of
course,
fund-raising
isn
’
t
the
only
skill
outsiders
offer.
The
globalization of
education means more universities will be seeking
heads
with
international
experience
of
some
kind
of
promote
international
programs and attract a global student
body. Foreigners can offer a fresh
perspective on established practices.
62. What
is
the current trend
in
higher
education
discussed
in
the
passage?
A) Institutions
worldwide are hiring administrators from the U.S.
B) A lot of
political activists are being recruited as
administrators.
C) American universities are enrolling
more international students.
D)
University
presidents
are
paying
more
attention
to
funding-raising.
63.
What
is
the
chief
consideration
of
American
universities
when
hiring top-level
administrators?
A) The political correctness. B) Their
ability to raise funds.
C) Their fame in academic circles. D)
Their administrative experience.
64. What do we learn about
European universities from the passage?
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A) The tuitions they charge
have been rising considerably.
B) Their operation is under
strict government supervision.
C) They are strengthening
their position by globalization.
D) Most of their revenues
come from the government.
65.
Cambridge
University
appointed
Alison
Richard
as
its
vice-chancellor chiefly
because _____.
A) she was known to be good at raising
money
B) she
could help strengthen its ties with Yale
C) she knew how
to attract students overseas
D) she had boosted
Yale
’
s academic status
66. In what way
do top-level administrators from abroad contribute
to university development?
A) They can enhance the
university
’
s image.
B) They will
bring with them more international faculty.
C) They will
view a lot of things from a new perspective.
D) They can set
up new academic disciplines.
5.
Questions 57 to 61 are
based on the following passage.
You
never
see
him,
but
they're
with
you
every
time
you
fly.
They
record
where
you
are
going,how
fast
you're
traveling
and
whether
everything
on
your
airplane
is
functioning
normally.
Their
ability
to
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withstand almost any disaster makes
them seem like something out of a
comic
're known as the black box.
When planes fall from the
sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to
Comoros Islands in the India ocean June
30, 2009, the black box is the
best bet
for identifying what went wrong. So when a French
submarine
(
潜水艇
)
detected the device's homing signal five days
later, the discovery
marked a huge step
toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which
152 passengers were killed.
In
1958,
Australian
scientist
David
Warren
developed
a
flight-memory recorder that would track
basic information like altitude
and
direction. That was the first mode for a black
box, which became a
requirement on all
U.S. commercial flights by 1960. Early models
often
failed
to
withstand
crashes,
however,
so
in
1965
the
device
was
completely
redesigned
and moved
to
the
rear of
the plane
–
the
area
least
subject to impact
–
from its original position in the
landing wells
(
起落架舱
).
The
same
year,
the
Federal
Aviation
Authority
required
that
the
boxes, which were never actually black, be painted
orange or yellow
to aid visibility.
Modern
airplanes
have
two
black
boxes:
a
voice
recorder,
which
tracks
pilots'
conversations,and
a
flight-data
recorder,
which
monitors
fuel
levels,
engine
noises
and
other
operating
functions
that
help
investigators
reconstruct
the
aircraft's
final
moments.
Placed
in
an
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insulated (
隔绝的
)
case and surrounded by a quarter-inch-thick panels
of
stainless steel, the boxes can
withstand massive force and temperatures
up to 2,000
℉
.
When submerged, they're also able to emit signals
from
depths of 20,000 ft. Experts
believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447,
which crashed near Brazil on June
1,2009, are in water nearly that deep,
but
statistics
say
they're
still
likely
to
turn
up.
In
the
approximately
20
deep-sea
crashes
over
the
past
30
years,
only
one
plane's
black
boxes
were never recovered.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答。
57. What does the author
say about the black box?
A) It ensures the normal functioning of
an airplane.
B)
The idea for its design comes from a comic book.
C) Its ability
to ward off disasters is incredible.
D) It is an indispensable
device on an airplane.
58.
What
information
could
be
found
from
the
black
box
on
the
Yemeni
airliner?
A)
Data for analyzing the cause of the crash.
B) The total
number of passengers on board.
C) The scene of the crash
and extent of the damage.
D) Homing signals sent by the pilot
before the crash.
59. Why was the black box redesigned in
1965?
A) New
materials became available by that time.
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B) Too much space was
needed for its installation.
C) The early models often
got damaged in the crash.
D) The early models didn't provide the
needed data.
60. Why did the Federal Aviation
Authority require the black boxes
be
painted orange or yellow?
A) To distinguish them from the colour
of the plane.
B) To caution people to handle them
with care.
C)
To make them easily identifiable.
D) To conform to
international standards.
61. What do we know about the black
boxes from Air France Flight
447?
A) There is
still a good chance of their being recovered.
B) There is an
urgent need for them to be reconstructed.
C) They have
stopped sending homing signals.
D) They were destroyed
somewhere near Brazil.
Passage Two
Questions 62 to
66 are based on the following passage.
The $$11 billion self-help
industry is built on the idea that you should
turn negative thoughts like
like
Peale right? Is there
power in positive thinking?
Researchers
in
Canada
just
published
a
study
in
the
journal
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Psychological
Science
that
says
trying
to
get
people
to
think
more
positively can actually have the
opposite effect: it can simply highlight
how unhappy they are.
The study's authors, Joanne
Wood and John Lee of the University of
Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the
University of New Brunswick, begin
by
citing older research showing that when people get
feedback which
they believe is overly
positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If
you
tell your dim friend that he has
the potential of an Einstein, you're just
underlining
his
faults.
In
one
1990s
experiment,
a
team
including
psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton
asked participants to write essays
opposing funding for the disabled. When
the essayists were later praised
for
their sympathy, they felt even worse about what
they had written.
In this experiment, Wood, Lee and
Perunovic measured 68 students'
self-
esteem.
The
participants
were
then
asked
to
write
down
their
thoughts and feelings
for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of
students
heard
a
bell.
When
it
rang,
they
were
supposed
to
tell
themselves,
Those
with
low
self-esteem
didn't
feel
better
after
the
forced
self-
affirmation.
In
fact,
their
moods
turned
significantly
darker
than
those
of
members
of
the
control
group,
who
weren't
urged
to
think
positive thoughts.
The paper
provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy
(
心理
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治疗
)
that
urge
people
to
accept
their
negative
thoughts
and
feelings
rather
than
fight
them.
In
the
fighting,
we
not
only
often
fail
but
can
make
things worse. Meditation
(
静思
) techniques, in
contrast, can teach
people to put their
shortcomings into a larger, more realistic
perspective.
Call it the power of
negative thinking.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答。
62. What do we learn from the first
paragraph about the self-help
industry?
A) It is a
highly profitable industry.
B) It is based on the
concept of positive thinking.
C) It was established by
Norman Vincent Peale.
D) It has yielded positive results.
63. What is the
finding of the Canadian researchers?
A) Encouraging positive
thinking many do more harm than good.
B) There can be no simple
therapy for psychological problems.
C) Unhappy people cannot
think positively.
D) The power of positive thinking is
limited.
64.
What
does
the
author
mean
by
…
you're
just
underlining
his
faults
A) You are not taking his mistakes
seriously enough.
B) You are pointing out the errors he
has committed.
C) You are emphasizing the fact that he
is not intelligent.
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D) You are trying to make
him feel better about his faults.
65.
What
do
we
learn
from
the
experiment
of
Wood,
Lee
and
Perunovic?
A) It is important for people to
continually boost their self-esteem.
B) Self-affirmation can
bring a positive change to one's mood.
C)
Forcing
a
person
to
think
positive
thoughts
may
lower
their
self-
esteem.
D)
People
with
low
self-esteem
seldom
write
down
their
true
feelings.
66. What do we learn from
the last paragraph?
A) The effects of positive thinking
vary from person to person.
B) Meditation may prove to
be a good form of psychotherapy.
C) Different people tend to
have different ways of thinking.
D) People can avoid making
mistakes through meditation.
6.
It
is
pretty
much
a
one-way
street.
While
it
may
be
common
for
university researchers
to try their luck in the commercial world, there
is
very
little
traffic
in
the
opposite
direction.
Pay
has
always
been
the
biggest
deterrent, as people with families often feel they
cannot afford
the drop in salary when
moving to a university job. For some industrial
scientists,
however,
the
attractions
of
academia
(
学术界
)
outweigh
any
financial considerations.
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Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when
she moved from a senior
post in Abbott
Laboratories to a medical department at the
University of
Cambridge. Her main
reason for returning to academia mid-career was
to take advantage of the greater
freedom to choose research questions.
Some areas of inquiry have few
prospects of a commercial return, and
Lee
’
s is one of
them.
The impact of a salary cut is
probably less severe for a scientist in
the early stages of a career. Guy
Grant, now a research associate at the
Unilever Centre for Molecular
Informatics at the University of Cambridge,
spent two years working for a
pharmaceutical (
制药的
) company
before
returning
to
university
as
a
post-doctoral
researcher.
He
took
a
30%
salary cut but felt it
worthwhile for the greater intellectual
opportunities.
Higher up the ladder,
where a pay cut is usually more significant,
the
demand
for
scientists
with
a
wealth
of
experience
in
industry
is
forcing
universities
to
make
the
transition
(
转换
)
to
academia
more
attractive, according to Lee.
Industrial scientists tend to receive training
that
academics
do
not,
such
as
how
to
build
a
multidisciplinary
team,
manage budgets and
negotiate contracts. They are also well placed to
bring something extra to the teaching
side of an academic role that will
help
students
get
a
job
when
they
graduate,
says
Lee,
perhaps
experience in manufacturing practice or
product development.
“
Only a
small number of undergraduates will
continue in an academic career. So
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someone leaving university who already
has the skills needed to work in
an
industrial lab has far more potential in the job
market than someone
who has spent all
their time on a narrow research
project.
”
注意：
此部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答。
57.
By
“
a one-way
street
”
(Line 1,
Para. 1), the author means ________.
［
A
］
university researchers know little
about the commercial world
［
B
］
there is little exchange between
industry and academia
［
C
］
few industrial scientists would quit to
work in a university
［
D
］
few university professors are willing
to do industrial research
58.
The
word
“
deterrent
”
(Line
2,
Para.
1)
most
probably
refers
to
something that ________.
［
A
］
keeps someone from taking action
［
C
］
attracts people
’
s
attention
［
B
］
helps to move the traffic
［
D
］
brings someone a
financial
burden
59. What was Helen
Lee
’
s major consideration
when she changed her
job in the middle
of her career?
［
A
］
Flexible work hours.
［
C
］
Her preference for the lifestyle on
campus.
［
B
］
Her
research
interests.
［
D
］
Prospects
of
academic
accomplishments.
60. Guy Grant chose to work as a
researcher at Cambridge in order to
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________.
［
A
］
do financially more rewarding work
［
B
］
raise his status in the academic world
［
C
］
enrich his experience in medical
research
［
D
］
exploit better intellectual
opportunities
61. What contribution can
industrial scientists make when they come to
teach in a university?
［
A
］
Increase its
graduates
’
competitiveness in the job market
［
B
］
Develop its
students
’
potential in research.
［
C
］
Help it to obtain financial support
from industry.
［
D
］
Gear its research towards practical
applications.
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the
following passage.
Being
sociable
looks
like
a
good
way
to
add
years
to
your
life.
Relationships with
family, friends, neighbours, even pets, will all
do the
trick,
but
the
biggest
longevity
(
长
寿
)
boost
seems
to
come
from
marriage or an equivalent relationship.
The effect was first noted in 1858
by
William Farr, who wrote that widows and widowers
(
鳏夫
) were at a
much higher risk of dying than their
married peers. Studies since then
suggest that marriage could add as much
as seven years to a man
’
s
life
and two to a
woman
’
s. The effect holds
for all causes of death, whether
illness, accident or self-harm.
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Even
if
the
odds
are
stacked
against
you,
marriage
can
more
than
compensate. Linda Waite
of the University of Chicago has found that a
married older man with heart disease
can expect to live nearly four years
longer than an unmarried man with a
healthy heart. Likewise, a married
man
who
smokes
more
than
a
pack
a
day
is
likely
to live
as
long
as a
divorced
man
who
doesn
’
t
smoke.
There
’
s
a
flip
side,
however,
as
partners
are
more
likely
to
become
ill
or
die
in
the
couple
of
years
following
their
spouse
’
s
death,
and
caring
for
a
spouse
with
mental
disorder can leave you with some of the
same severe problems. Even so,
the odds
favour marriage. In a 30-year study of more than
10,000 people,
Nicholas Christakis of
Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of
social networks have similar effects.
So
how
does
it
work?
The
effects
are
complex,
affected
by
socio-economic factors,
health-service provision, emotional support and
other
more
physiological
(
生<
/p>
理
的
)
mechanisms.
For
example,
social
contact
can
boost
development
of
the
brain
and
immune
system,
leading to better health and less
chance of depression later in life. People
in supportive relationships may handle
stress better. Then there are the
psychological benefits of a supportive
partner.
A life partner, children and
good friends are all recommended if you
aim to live to 100. The ultimate social
network is still being mapped out,
but
Christakis
says:
“
People
are
interconnected,
so
their
health
is
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interconnected.
”
62. William
Farr
’
s study and other
studies show that _________.
［
A
］
social life provides an effective cure
for illness
［
B
］
being sociable helps improve
one
’
s quality of life
［
C
］
women benefit more than men from
marriage
［
D
］
marriage contributes a great deal to
longevity
63. Linda
Waite
’
s studies support the
idea that _________.
［
A
］
older men should quit smoking to stay
healthy
［
B
］
marriage can help make up for ill
health
［
C
］
the married are happier than the
unmarried
［
D
］
unmarried people are likely to suffer
in later life
64. It can be inferred
from the context that the
“
flip
side
”
(Line 4,
Para.
2) refers to _________.
［
A
］
the disadvantages of being married
［
B
］
the emotional problems arising from
marriage
［
C
］
the responsibility of taking care of
one
’
s family
［
D
］
the consequence of a broken marriage
65. What does the author say about
social networks?
［
A
］
They have effects similar to those of a
marriage.
［
B
］
They help develop
people
’
s community spirit.
［
C
］
They provide timely support for those
in need.
［
D
］
They help relieve people of their
life
’
s burdens.
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66.
What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
［
A
］
It
’
s important
that we develop a social network when young.
［
B
］
To stay healthy, one should have a
proper social network.
［
C
］
Getting a divorce means risking a
reduced life span.
［
D
］
We should share our social networks
with each other.
7.
Several
recent
studies
have
found
that
being
randomly
(
随机地
)
assigned to a roommate of another race
can lead to increased tolerance
but
also to a greater
likelihood
(
可能性
)
of conflict.
Recent reports
found that lodging with a student of a different
race
may
decrease
prejudice
and
compel
students
to
engage
in
more
ethnically diverse
friendships.
An Ohio State University
study also found that black students living
with a white roommate saw higher
academic success throughout their
college
careers.
Researchers
believe
this
may
be
caused
by
social
pressure.
In a
New York Times
article, Sam
Boakye
–
the only
black student on
his freshman year
floor -said that
have something to
prove.
Researchers
also
observed
problems
resulting
from
pairing
interracial
students in residences.
According
to
two
recent
studies,
randomly
assigned
roommates
of
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different
races
are
more
likely
to
experience
conflicts
so
strained
that
one
roommate will move out.
An
Indiana
University
study
found
that
interracial
roommates
were
three times as likely
as two white roommates to no longer live together
by the end of the semester.
Grace
Kao,
a
professor
at
Penn
said
she
was
not
surprised
by
the
findings.
interacted, and lived, with someone of
a different race,
At
Penn,
students
are
not
asked
to
indicate
race
when
applying
for
housing.
exceptions,
the
process
throws
you
together
randomly,
said
Undergraduate Assembly chairman Alec
Webley.
of
integration.
experienced
roommate
conflicts
between
interracial
students
that
have
both
broken
down
stereotypes
and
reinforced
stereotypes,
said
one
Penn
resident
advisor
(RA).
The
RA
of
two
years
added
that
while
some
conflicts
more
multicultural
acceptance
and
melding
(
融合
),
The
RA
said
that
these
conflicts
have
also
occurred
among
roommates of the same
race.
Kao said she cautions against
forming any generalizations based on
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any
one of the studies, noting that more background
characteristics of
the students need to
be studied and explained.
注意：此部分试题请在
答题卡
2
上作答。
57. What can we learn from some recent
studies?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Conflicts
between students of different races are
unavoidable.
Students of different
races are prejudiced against each other.
Interracial lodging does more harm than
good.
Interracial lodging may have
diverse outcomes.
58. What does Sam
Boakye's remark mean?
A)
W
hite students tend to look
down upon their black peers.
B)
Black students
can compete with their white peers academically.
C)
Black
students
feel
somewhat
embarrassed
among
white
peers
during the freshman year.
D)
B
eing
surrounded
by
white
peers
motivates
a
black
student
to
work
harder to succeed.
59. What does the
Indiana University study show?
A)
I
nterracial roommates are
more likely to fall out.
B)
Few white students like sharing a room
with a black peer.
C)
Roommates of different races just don't
get along.
D)
A
ssigning students' lodging
randomly is not a good policy.
60.
What
does
Alec
Webley
consider
to
be
the
of
integration
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A)
Students of
different races are required to share a room.
B)
Interracial
lodging is arranged by the school for freshmen.
C)
Lodging
is
assigned
to
students
of
different
races
without
exception.
D)
The school
randomly assigns roommates without regard to race.
61. What does Grace Kao say about
interracial lodging?
A)
It is unscientific
to make
generalizations
about
it without
further
study.
B)
Schools should be cautious when making
decisions about student
lodging.
C)
Students'
racial background should be considered before
lodging
is assigned.
D)
Experienced
resident
advisors
should
be
assigned
to
handle
the
problems.
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the
following passage.
Global
warming
is
causing
more
than
300,000
deaths
and
about
$$125
billion in economic losses each year, according to
a report by the
Global Humanitarian
Forum, an organization led by Annan, the former
United Nations secretary general.
The report, to be released Friday,
analyzed data and existing studies
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of
health,
disaster,
population
and
economic
trends.
It
found
that
human-influenced
climate
change
was
raising
the
global
death
rates
from illnesses
including
malnutrition
(
营养不良
)
and heat-related health
problems.
But
even
before
its
release,
the
report
drew
criticism
from
some
experts
on
climate
and
risk,
who
questioned
its
methods
and
conclusions.
Along with the
deaths, the report said that the lives of 325
million
people,
primarily
in
poor
countries,
were
being
seriously
affected
by
climate change. It projected that the
number would double by 2030.
Roger
Pielke
Jr.,
a
political
scientist
at
the
University
of
Colorado,
Boulder,
who
studies
disaster
trends,
said
the
Forum's
report
was
methodological
embarrassment
because
there
was
no
way
to
distinguish deaths or economic losses
related to human-driven global
warming
amid
the
much
larger
losses
resulting
from
the
growth
in
populations
and
economic
development
in
vulnerable
(
易受伤害的
)
regions. Dr. Pielke said that
“
climate change is an
important problem
requiring our utmost
attention.
”
But
the report, he said,
cause for action
on both climate change and disasters because it is
so
deeply
flawed
(
有瑕疵的
).
However,
Soren
Andreasen,
a
social
scientist
at
Dalberg
Global
Development
Partners
who
supervised
the
writing
of
the
report,
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defended
it,
saying
that
it
was
clear
that
the
numbers
were
rough
estimates. He said the
report was aimed at world leaders, who will meet
in
Copenhagen
in
December
to
negotiate
a
new
international
climate
treaty.
In a press release
describing the report, Mr. Annan stressed the need
for the negotiations to focus on
increasing the flow of money from rich to
poor regions to help reduce their
vulnerability to climate hazards while still
curbing the emissions of the heat-
trapping gases. More than 90% of the
human
and
economic
losses
from
climate
change
are
occurring
in
poor
countries, according to the report.
62.
What is the finding of
the Global Humanitarian Forum?
A)
B)
C)
Global
temperatures affect the rate of economic
development.
Rates of death from
illnesses have risen due to global warming.
Malnutrition
has
caused
serious
health
problems
in
poor
countries.
D)
Economic
trends
have
to
do
with
population
and
natural
disasters.
63.
What do we learn about the Forum's
report from the passage?
A)
B)
C)
D)
It was
challenged by some climate and risk experts.
It aroused a lot of interest in the
scientific circles.
It was warmly
received by environmentalists.
It
caused a big stir in developing countries.
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64.
What does Dr. Pielke say about the
Forum's report?
A)
Its statistics look embarrassing.
C)
It
deserves
our
closest
attention.
B)
It is invalid
in terms of methodology.
D)
Its
conclusion
is
purposely exaggerated.
65.
What is Soren Andreasen's view of the
report?
A)
B)
C)
Its conclusions are based on carefully
collected data.
It is vulnerable to
criticism if the statistics are closely examined.
It
will
give
rise
to
heated
discussions
at
the
Copenhagen
conference.
D)
Its
rough
estimates
are
meant
to
draw
the
attention
of
world
leaders.
66.
What
does
Kofi
Annan
say
should
be
the
focus
of
the
Copenhagen
conference?
A)
How
rich
and
poor
regions
can
share
responsibility
in
curbing
global warming.
B)
How
human
and
economic
losses
from
climate
change
can
be
reduced.
C)
How emissions of heat-trapping gases
can be reduced on a global
scale.
D)
How rich
countries can better help poor regions reduce
climate
hazards.
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8.
Passage One
Boys' schools are the
perfect place to teach young men to express
their emotions and are more likely to
get involved in activities such as art,
dance and music, according to research
released today.
Far from the traditional image of a
culture of aggressive masculinity
in
which students either sink or swim, the absence of
girls gives boys the
chance to develop
without pressure to conform to a stereotype, the
US
study says.
Boys at
single sex schools were said to be more likely to
get involved
in
cultural
and
artistic
activities
that
helped
develop
their
emotional
expressiveness,
rather
than
feeling
they
had
to
conform
to
the
code
The findings of the study
go against received wisdom that boys do
better when taught alongside girls.
Tony Little, headmaster of Eton, warned
that boys were being failed
by the
British education system because it had become too
focused on
girls. He criticized
teachers for failing to recognize that boys are
actually
more emotional than girls.
The research
argued that boys often perform badly in mixed
schools
because
they
become
discouraged
when
their
female
peers
do
better
earlier in speaking and reading skills.
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But in single-sex schools
teachers can tailor lessons to boys' learning
style,
letting
them
move
around
the
classroom
and
getting
them
to
compete in teams to prevent boredom,
wrote the study's author, Abigail
James, of the University of Virginia.
Teachers
could
encourage
boys
to
enjoy
reading
and
writing
with
specifically
approaches
such
as
themes
and
characters
that
appeal
to
them.
Because
boys
generally
have
more
acute
vision,
learn best through
touch, and are physically more active, they need
to be
given
in mixed schools
view classical music as feminine and prefer the
modern
genre in which violence and
sexism are major themes,
Single-sex
education
also
made
it
less
likely
that
boys
would
feel
they had to conform to a stereotype
that men should be
in
charge
like men before they understand
themselves well enough to know what
that means,
57.
The
author
believes
that
a
single-sex
school
would
_____________________.
A
force boys to hide their emotions to be
“
real
man
”
B help to cultivate masculine
aggressiveness in boys
C encourage boys to express their
emotions more freely
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D naturally reinforce in boys that
traditional image of a man
58.
It
is
commonly
believed
that
in
a
mixed
schools
boys
____________________.
A perform relatively better
C behave more
responsibly
B grow up more healthily
D receive a better
education
59. What does
T
ony Little say about the British
education system?
A It fails more boys
than girls academically
B
It
focuses
more
on
mixed
school education
C It fails to give boys the
attention they need
D It
places more pressure on boys than on girls
60.
According
to
Abigail
James,
one
of
the
advantages
of
single-sex
schools is
______________.
A teaching can be
tailored to suit the characteristics of boys
B boys can focus on their lessons
without being distracted
C
boys can choose to learn whatever they are
interested in
D teaching
can be designed to promote
boys
’
team spirit
61. Which of
the following is characteristic of boys according
to Abigail
James
’
report?
A They
enjoy being in charge
C They have sharper vision
B
They conform to stereotypes
D They are violent and sexist
Passage Two
It's
an
annual
argument.
Do
we
or
do
we
not
go
on
holiday?
My
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英语四级阅读题库含答案解析
partner says no because the boiler
could go, or the roof fall off, and we
have no savings to save us. I say that
you only live once and we work
hard
and
what's
the
point
if
you
can't
go
on
holiday.
The
joy
of
a
recession
means no argument next year
–
we just won't
go.
Since money is known to be one of
the things most likely to bring a
relationship
to
its
knees,
we
should
be
grateful.
For
many
families
the
recession
means
more
than
not
booking
a
holiday.
A
YouGov
poll
of
2,000
people found 22% said they were arguing more with
their partners
because of concerns
about money. What's less clear is whether divorce
and
separation
rates
rise
in
a
recession
–
financial
pressures
mean
couples
argue
more
but
make
splitting
up
less
affordable.
A
recent
research
shows
arguments
about
money
were
especially
damaging
to
couples.
Disputes
were
characterized
by
intense
verbal
aggression,
tended
to
be
repeated
and
not
resolved,
and
made
men,
more
than
women,
extremely angry.
Kim
Stephenson,
an
occupational
psychologist,
believes
money
is
such a big deal because of what it
symbolizes, which may be different
things
to
men
and
women.
can
say
the
same
things
about
money
but
have
different
conceptions
of
what
it
is
for,
he
explains.
will
say
it's
to
save,
to
spend,
for
security,
for
freedom,
to
show
someone you love them
way of
buying status and of showing their parents that
they've achieved
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something.
is going on with their
finances, but they don't. There seems to be more
of
a taboo about talking about money
than talking about death. But you
both
need to know what you are doing, who is paying
what into the joint
account and how
much you keep separately. In a healthy
relationship you
don't have to agree
about money, but you have to talk about
it.
62. What does the author
say about vacationing?
A
People enjoy it all the more during a recession
B Few people can afford it without
working hard
C It makes all the hard
work worthwhile
D It is the chief cause of family
disputes
63. What does the author mean
by saying
“
money is
known
…
to bring a
relationship to its
knees
”
(Line1
Para. 2)
？
A Money
is considered to be the root of all evils
B
Some people sacrifice their dignity for money
C Few people can resist the
temptation of money
D
Disputes over money may ruin a relationship
64.
The
YouGov
poll
of
2000
people
indicates
that
in
a
recession
_________________.
A
conflicts between couples tend to rise
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B it is more
expensive for couples to split up
C
couples show more concern for each other
D divorce and
separation rates increase
65. What does Kim Stephenson believe?
A Money is often a symbol of a
person
’
s status
B
Money means a great deal to both men and women
C Men and women spend money
on different things
D Men and women view money in different
ways
66. The author
suggests at the end of the passage that couples
should
________________
A
put their money together instead of keeping it
separately
9.
I
’
ve
worked
in
the
factories
surrounding
my
hometown
every
summer since I graduated from high
school, but making the
transition
(
转变
)
between
school
and
full-time
blue-collar
work
during
the
break
never
gets
any
easier.
For
a
student
like
me
who
considers
any
class
before
noon
to be
uncivilized,
getting
to
a
factory
by
6
o
’
clock
each
morning is torture. My
friends never seem to understand why
I
’
m so
relieved
to
be
back
at
school
or
that
my
summer
vacation
has
been
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B
make efforts to reach agreement on their family
budgets
C discuss money matters to
maintain a healthy relationship
D avoid arguing about money matters to
remain romantic
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