翻译理论与实践复习题

3

）在文化趋同的过程中，文化差异依然存在，不同的文化背景

不可避免地会发生局部的交叉、

冲突，

从而给语 言的翻译带来种

种困难。因此，“对于真正成功的翻译而言，熟悉两种文化甚至

比掌握两种语言更为重要，

因为词语只有在其作用的文化背景中

才有意义。”（

Eugene

）

综上所述，由于各个国家、民族的 社会制度、自然环境、宗教信

仰、民情风俗、思维方式和语言表达习惯等方面的差异，词 汇的

语义必然都印着民族文化的烙印，

隐含着民族文化的内涵。

跨文

化交际中词汇的空白、

冲突、

寓意和联想的不一给语言翻译带来

的障碍和困难是多种多样的，

因此翻译不仅是两种语言的转换活

动，更是沟通两种文化的交流和移植活动。

三、翻译句子

1.

It's more a poem than a picture.

2.

I

can

say

to

you,

without

any

flattery,

that

the

Chinese

way

of

co- operation is more inventive and fruitful than others.

3. He is the last person for such a job.

4. Henry keeps boasting that he had talked to the President. (

注意语

言色彩，褒义还是贬义

)

5.

There

is

a

definite

link

between

smoking

and

heart

disease

and

lung cancer. But this doesn

’

t make

you too uncomfortable because

you are in good company. (

注意

company

的一词多义

)

6.

Washington

wants

to

maintain

an

American

presence

in

that

region. (

注意

presence

的具体含义

)

7. His fury was exaggerated.

8. Yes, I like Chinese food. Lots of people do these days.

Sort of the

fashion

.

9. Ignorance is the mother of

fear

as well as of

admiration

.

10.

The

students

made

these

experiments

in

chemistry

out

of

necessity.

11. He put forward some new ideas to

challenge

the interest of all

concerned.

12

．

On behalf of all the members of my mission, I would like to take

this

opportunity

to

express

our

sincere

thanks

to

our

host

for

their

earnest invitation and gracious hospitality we have received since we

set foot on this charming land.

13

．

He was a dead shot. However, he met his

Waterloo

this time.

14

．

He

carried on his age astonishingly well

.

四、段落翻译：

（

1

）

The traditional pattern of classroom experience at the college

level brings the professor and a group of 20 to 30 students together

for a 45-to-50-minute class session two or three times a week. The

most common mode of instruction is the lecture. When lectures are

the principal method of instruction in larger classes, regular periods

may be set aside for small group discussions under the leadership of

an assistant instructor.

（

2

）

It was a fine day in early Spring. Bright sunshine flooded the

street where a group of boys in Sunday clothes were playing ball. In

most of the tenements the windows were up. Clean-shaven men in

collarless

shirts

or

in

underwear,

women

with

aprons

（围裙）

or

sloppy

pink

wrappers

leaned

on

the

sills

（窗台）

and

gazed

with

aimless interest at the street, the sky, those who were passing below.