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2018
高考全国Ⅱ卷英语试卷答案及解析
2018
年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语
<
/p>
本试卷分第
I
卷（选择题）和第
II
卷（非选择题）两部分。
考试结束后，将本
试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第
I
卷
注意事项：
1.
< br>答第
I
卷前，
考生务必将自己的
姓名、
准考证号写在本试卷
和答题卡相应位置上。
2.
选出每小题答案后，用
2B
铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案
标号涂黑。如需改动，
用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，不能
答在本试卷上，否则无效。
第一部分
阅读理解（共两
节，满分
40
分）
< br>第一节（共
15
小题；每小题
2
分，满分
30
分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（
A
、
B
、
C
< br>和
D
）中，选
出最佳选项，并在
答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Summer Activities
Students
should
read
the
list
with
their
parents/carers,
and select two activities they would
like to do. Forms will
be available in
school and online for them to indicate their
choices and return to school. Before
choices are finalised,
parents/carers
will
be
asked
to
sign
to
confirm
their
child’s choices.
Activity
Description
Member
staff
of
Cost
Outdoor
Adventure(
OUT)
Take
yourself
out
of
your
Mr.
Clemens
?
140
comfort zone
for
a week,
discover
new
personal
qualities,
and
learn
new
skills.
You
will
be
able
to
take part
in a number of activities
from
canoeing
to
wild
camping
on
Dartmoor.
Learn
rock
climbing
and
work as a team, and enjoy the great
outdoor environment.
WWI
Battlefiel
ds
On Monday we travel to London.
Mrs. Wilson
?
425
After staying overnight in London,
and
we
travel
on
Day
2
to
northern
Paris(WBP)
France
to
visit
the
World
War
I
battlefields.
On
Day
3
we
cross
into Belgium. Thursday
sees us make
the short journey to Paris
where we
will
visit
Disneyland
Paris
park,
staying
until
late
to
see
the
parade
and the fireworks. Our final
day,
Friday, sees us visit central
Paris and
tour the main sights.
Crafty
Foxes(CRF)
Four
days
of
product
design
Mrs. Goode
centred
around
textiles.
Making
lovely
objects
using
recycled
and
made materials. Bags,
cushions and
decorations…
Learn
skills
and
leave
with
modern
and
unusual
textiles.
?
30
Potty
about
Potter(POT
Visit Warner Bros
Studio, shop
Miss Drake
stop to buy picnic, stay overnight
in
an
approved
Youth
Hostel
in
Streatley-on-Thames,
guided
tour
?
150
)
of
Oxford
to
see
the
film
locations,
picnic
lunch
outside
Oxford’s Christchurch, boating on
the
River
Cherwell
through
the
University
Parks,
before
heading
back to
Exeter.
21.
Which activity
will you choose
if you want to go
camping
A. OUT
B. WBP
C. CRF
D.
POT
22. What will
the students do on Tuesday with Mrs
Wilson
A.
Travel to London.
B.
See
a
parade
and
fireworks.
C.
Tour central Paris.
D.
Visit
the
WWI
battlefields.
23. How long
does Potty about Potter last
A. Two days.
B. Four days.
C.
days.
D. One
week.
Five
文体：应用文
主题：
文章主要提供给了孩子们四种不同类型的夏日活动以及相关具
体信息。
21.
答案：
A
细节题
解析：根据题干中关键信息
go camping
定位到文中第一个表格
OUT
中内容：
You will be able to take part in
a number of activities from
canoeing to
wild camping on Dartmoor.
可知答案选
A
22.
答案：
D
细节题
解析：根据题干中
Mrs. Wilson
以及
Tuesday
这两个关键信息
定位
到第二个表格中内容：
We travel on
Day 2 to northern France
to visit the
World War I battlefield.
此处的第二天指的就是
题干中的
Tuesday
，可知答案选
D
。
23.
答案：
A
细节题
解析：
根据题干中关键细节
Potty
about
Potter
可将定位到
文中第
四个表格第二排信息：
Visit Warner
Bros Studio, shop stop to
buy
picnic,
stay
overnight
in
an
approved
Youth
Hostel
in
Streatley-on-
Thames · · · .
其中
overnight
是
过一夜
的
意思，因此可以得知
Potty
about Potter
应该会持续两天，可知答
案选
A
。
B
Many
of
us
love
July
because
it
’
s
the
month
when
nature
’
s berries
and stone fruits are in abundance. These
colourful and sweet jewels from British
Columbia’s fields
are little
powerhouses of nutritional protection.
Of
the
common
berries,
strawberries
are
highest
in
vitamin
C,
although,
because
of
their
seeds,
raspberries
contain a little
more protein (
蛋白质
), iron and
zinc (not
that fruits have much
protein). Blueberries are particularly
high
in
antioxidants
(
抗氧化物质
).
The
yellow
and
orange
stone fruits such as
peaches are high in the carotenoids we
turn
into
vitamin
A
and
which
are
antioxidants.
As
for
cherries
(
樱桃
),
they
are
so
delicious
who
cares
However,
they are rich in vitamin C.
When combined with berries or slices of
other fruits,
frozen
bananas
make
an
excellent
base
for
thick,
cooling
fruit
shakes
and
low
fat
“
ic
e
cream”
.
For
this
purpose,
select ripe bananas for freezing as
they are much sweeter.
Remove the skin
and place them in plastic bags or containers
and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of
fresh lemon juice on
the bananas will
prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas
will last several weeks, depending on
their ripeness and the
temperature of
the freezer.
If
you
have
a
juicer,
you
can
simply
feed
in
frozen
bananas and some
berries or sliced fruit.
Out comes a
“
soft-
serve” creamy
dessert
, to be eaten right away. This
makes a
fun activity for a children's
party; they love feeding the
fruit
and
frozen
bananas
into
the
top
of
the
machine
and
watching the ice cream come out
below.
24. What does the
author seem to like about cherries
A. They contain protein.
B.
They
are
high
in vitamin A.
C.
They have a pleasant taste
D.
They
are
rich in antioxidants.
25. Why is fresh lemon juice used in
freezing bananas
A. To make
them smell better.
B.
To
keep
their
colour.
C. To speed up their
ripening.
D.
To
improve
their
nutrition.
26. What is “a
juicer “in the la
st
paragraph
A. A dessert.
B. A
drink.
C. A container.
D. A machine.
27. From which is the text probably
taken
A. A biology textbook.
B.
magazine.
C. A
research paper.
D.
brochure.
【解析】
24.
答案
C
推测题
解析：在第二段最后说了
As
for
cherries
(
樱桃
),
they
are
so
delicious who cares
…与之相对应答案应
为
C
选项。
25.
答案
B
A
travel
A
health
细节题
解析：根据题干中的关键词
fresh
lemon
juice
定位到第三段中的
if
you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the
bananas
will prevent them turning
brown.
可知目的是为了防止香蕉变色。
26.
答案
D
推测题
解析：定位至最后一段，由
feed in frozen b
ananas
可知
juicer
是
可以装香蕉的东西，再看到下一句，关键动词
out comes
a
“
soft-
serve
”
creamy
d
essert
可知该容器可把香蕉变成一个甜品，所以
功能强大
，选
machine
机器最恰当。
27.
答案
B
推断题
解析：该文中心词是
fruit
，第二段讲了一些水果的营养成分，第三
段则讲述如何做出美味的水果甜点，
所以不应该是跟
bio
logy
“
生物”
，
< br>research
“研究”以及
travel
“旅行”这三个话题相关，故选
B
，与
health
“健康”息息相关。
C
Teens and younger children are reading
a lot less for
fun,
according
to
a
Common
Sense
Media
report
published
Monday.
While the decline over the past decade
is steep for teen
readers, some data in
the report shows that reading remains
a
big
part
of
many
children’s
lives,
and
indicates
how
parents might help encourage more
reading.
According
to
the
report’s
key
findings,
“the
proportion
(
比例
) who say they
‘ hardly ever’
read for fun
has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds
and 9 percent of 17-
year-olds in 1984
to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively
today.
”
The report data shows that pleasure
reading levels for
younger children,
ages 2-8, remain largely the same. But the
amount of time spent in reading each
session has declined,
from closer to an
hour or more to closer to a half hour per
session.
When it
comes to technology and reading the report does
little
to
counsel
(
建议
)parents
looking
for
data
about
the
effect
of
e-readers
and
tablets
on
reading.
It
does
point
out that many parents
still limit electronic reading, mainly
due to concerns about increased screen
time.
The most hopeful data
shared in the report shows clear
evidence of parents serving as examples
and important guides
for their kids
when it comes to reading. Data shows that kids
and
teens
who
do
read
frequently,
compared
to
infrequent
readers, have more books in the home,
more books purchased
for them, parents
who read more often, and parents who set
aside time for them to read.
As
the
end
of
school
approaches,
and
school
vacation
reading
lists
loom
(
逼近
)
ahead,
parents
might
take
this
chance to step in and make their own
summer reading list and
plan a family
trip to the library or bookstore.
28. What is the Common Sense Media
report probably about
A.
Children's reading habits
B.
Quality of children’s books
C. C
hildren’s
after
-class activities
D.
Parent-child relationships
29.
Where
can
you
find
the
data
that
best
supports
“children are
reading a lot less for
fu
n
”
A. In paragraph 2
B.
paragraph 3
In
C. In paragraph 4
D.
paragraph 5
30.
Why do many parents limit electronic
reading
In
A.
E-books are of poor quality
B.
It
could be a
waste of time.
C. It may
harm children's health.
D.
E-
readers are
expensive.
31. How should
parents encourage their children to read
more
A. Act as
role models for them
B.
Ask them to write book
reports
C. Set up reading
groups for them
D.
Talk with their reading class
teachers
【解析】
28.
答案
A
细节题
根据文章第一段的第一句话可知
Common Sense M
edia
报道的是关于
青少年阅读乐趣大大减少，这里只有
A
选项是关于阅读的，故选
A
。
29.
答案
B
细节题
从文章中能够找到最好的数据
支撑的内容应是在第三段，
当中明确指
出
“说自己阅读基本不是因为乐趣的比例从
1984
年的
8%
到
9%
上升到<
/p>
今天的
22%
到
27%
”
，由此可以看出孩子们的阅读乐趣大大减少。
30.
答案
C
从文中第五段的最后一句可知
“许多父母仍然限制电子阅读，<
/p>
主要因
为担心增加的屏幕时间。
”所谓的
屏幕时间也就是对长时间面对电子
屏幕的时间，即对于健康的影响。故选
C
。
31.
答案
A
从文章的倒数第二段的第一句中的关键词“
serving
as examples
”
和“
imp
ortant
guides
”
，以及
第二句“数据显示经常阅读的孩子，
和不经常阅读的比起来有家里有更多的书，
有更多为他们买的书，
家
长们更多的阅读也留出
阅读时间给孩子们。
”可知家长们应该作为他
们的榜样来培养他
们多读书。
D
We’ve all been
there: in a l
ift, in line at the bank
or
on
an
airplane,surrounded
by
people
who
are,
like
us,deeply focused on
their smartphones or, worse, struggling
with the uncomfortable
silence.
What’s
the
problem
It’s
possible
that
we
all
have
compromised
conversational
intelligence.
It’s
more
likely
that
none of us start a conversation because it’s
awkward
and challeng
ing, or
we think it’s annoying and unnecessary.
But the next time you find yourself
among strangers,consider
that small
talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an
invaluable social practice that results
in big benefits.
Dismissing
small
talk
as
unimportant
is
easy,
but
we
can’t forget that deep relationships
wouldn’t event exist
if
it
weren’t
for
casual
conversation.
Small
talk
is
the
grease
(
润滑剂
)
for
social
communication,
says
Bernardo
Carducci,
director
of
the
Shyness
Research
Institute
at
Indiana
Uni
versity
Southeast.
“Almost every
great
love
story
and
each
big
business
deal
begins
with
small
talk,”
he
explains, “The key to successful small
talk is learning how
to connect with
others, not just communicate with
them.”
In a 2014 study,
Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of
psychology at UBC, invited people on
their way into a coffee
shop. One group
was asked to seek out an interaction
(
互动
)
with
its
waiter;
the
other,
to
speak
only
when
necessary.
The results
showed that those who chatted with their server
reported significantly higher positive
feelings and a better
coffee
shop
experience.
“It’s
not
that
talking
to
the
waiter is better than talking to your
husband,” says Dunn.
“But interactions
with peripheral
(
边缘的
) members of
our
social network matter for our
well-
being also.”
Dunn
believes
that
people
who
reach
out
to
strangers
feel a
significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond
with
others.
Carducci
believes
developing
such
a
sense
of
belonging starts with
small talk. “Small talk is the basis
of
goo
d manners,” he says.
32.
What
phenomenon is described in the first
paragraph
A.
Addition to smartphones.
B.
Inappropriate
behaviours in public places.
C.
Absence of
communication between strangers.
D.
Impatience
with slow service.
33.
What is
important for successful small talk according
to Carducci
A.
Showing good
manners.
B.
Relating to other people.
C.
Focusing on a
topic.
D.
Making business deals.
34.
What does the
coffee-shop study suggest about small
talk
A.
It improves
family relationships.
B.
It raises
people’s confidence.
C.
It matters as
much as a formal talk.
D.
It makes
people feel good.
35.
What is the
best tittle for the text
A.
Conversation
Counts.
B.
Ways of Making Small Talk
C.
Benefits of
Small Talk
D.
Uncomfortable Silence
【解析】
32.
答案
C
细节题
解析：
根据题干的关键词“
first
paragraph
”定位到文章的第一段，
< br>根据内容
surrounded
by
people
who
are,
like
us,
deeply
focused
on
their
smartphones
or,
worse,
struggling
with
the
uncomfortable silence ,
表达含义是
：围绕着一些，就像我们这样
的，
专注手机的人或者更为糟糕的
是在这种令人不舒服的寂静中挣扎，
所以选项
C
正确。
33.
答案
B
细节题
解析：根据题干的关键词“
successful
small
talk
和
Carducci
”
定位到文章的第三段
Carducci
所说的三句话
，
分别是
small
talk
is
the grease for successful
communication; almost every great
love
story and each big business deal begin with small
talk;
最核心的句子是最后一句：
The
key
to
successful
talk
is
learning
how
to
connect
with
others,
not
just
communicate
with them.
表达含义是：成功谈话的关键是学会如
何和别人产生联
系而不仅仅是和他们交流，所以选项
B
正确。
34.
答案
D
细节题
解析：
根据题干的关键词“
coffee-shop
study
” 定位到文章的第四
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