diagram-电话区号
Remarks at Fudan University in Shanghai,
China
April 30, 1984
We've
been in your country only 5 days, but already
we've seen the wonders of
a lifetime --
the Great Wall of China, a structure so huge and
marvelous that
it can be seen from
space; the ancient city of Xi'an; and the Tomb of
the Great
Emperor
and the
buried army
that guards
him
still.
These
are the wonders of
ages
past. But today I want to talk to you,
the young people of a great university,
about the future, about our future
together and how we can transform human life
on
this
planet
if
we
bring
as
much
wisdom
and
curiosity
to
each
other
as
we
bring
to our
scholarly pursuits.
I
want
to
begin,
though,
with
some
greetings.
I
bring
you
greetings
not
only
from
my
countrymen but
from
one of
your countrymen.
Some of you
know Ye Yang,
who was
a student here. He graduated from Fudan
and became a teacher of English at this
university. Now he is at Harvard
University in the United States, where he is
studying for a doctorate in comparative
literature.
My staff spoke to him
before we left. Mr. Ye wants you to know he's
doing fine.
He's
working
hard
on
his
spring term
papers,
and
his thoughts turn to you
often.
He asked me to
deliver a message to his former students,
colleagues, friends,
and
family.
He
asked
me
to
say
for
him,
and
I
hope
I
can,
``Wo
xiang
nian
da
jia''
[I am thinking of all
of you].
He wants you to know that he
looks forward to returning to Fudan to teach. And
President Xie, he said to tell you he
misses your friendship and encouragement.
And
Mr.
Ye
says
you
are
a
very
great
woman
and
a
great
educator.
You
will
be
proud
to know that he
received straight A's last term.
And
when we congratulated him,
he
said,
``I
have
nothing
to
be
proud
of
myself;
I
am
so
proud
of
my
university.''
I'd like to
say a few words about our . educational exchange
programs. It's not
entirely new, this
exchanging of students. Your President Xie earned
a degree
from
Smith
College
in
the
United
States.
Smith
is
also
my
wife
Nancy's
alma
mater.
And
President Xie
also attended
MIT,
Massachusetts Institute
of Technology,
one
of our greatest universities of
science, engineering, and technology.
But in the past few years, our two
countries have enjoyed an explosion in the
number of student exchanges. Five years
ago you numbered your students studying
abroad in the hundreds. Since then,
20,000 Chinese scholars have studied
throughout the world, and more than
half of them have come to American schools.
More
than 100
American colleges
and
universities now
have
educational
exchanges
with
nearly as many Chinese institutions.
We have committed more resources to our
Fulbright program in China than in any
other
country.
Two
of
the
American
professors
teaching
here
at
Fudan
are
Fulbright
professors.
And
there
are
20
American
students
studying
with
you,
and
we're
very
proud
of them.
American
students
come
to
China
to
learn
many
things
--
how
you
monitor
and
predict
earthquakes,
how
you've
made
such
strides
in
researching
the
cause
and
treatment
of
cancer.
We
have
much
to
learn
from
you
in
neurosurgery
and
in
your
use
of
herbs
in
medicine.
And
we
welcome
the
chance
to
study
your
language,
your
history,
and
your society.
You,
in turn,
have shown
that you're
eager
to
learn, to come to
American schools
and study
electronics and computer sciences, math and
engineering, physics,
management,
and
the
humanities.
We
have
much
to
share
in
these
fields,
and
we're
eager
to
benefit
from
your
curiosity.
Much
of
this
sharing
is
recent,
only
5
years
old. But
the areas of our mutual cooperation continue to
expand. We've already
agreed
to
cooperate
more
closely
in
trade,
technology,
investment,
and
exchanges
of
scientific and managerial expertise. And we have
just concluded an important
agreement
to
help
advance
our
technological
and
economic
development
through
the
peaceful use of nuclear
energy.
That term ``peaceful use of
nuclear energy'' is key. Our agreement rests upon
important
principles
of
nonproliferation.
Neither
of
our
countries
will
encourage
nuclear
proliferation nor assist any other country to
acquire or develop any
nuclear
explosive device.
We
live
in
a
troubled
world,
and
the
United
States
and
China,
as
two
great
nations,
share a special responsibility to help
reduce the risks of war. We both agree
that there can be only one sane policy
to preserve our precious civilization in
this modern age: A nuclear war cannot
be won and must never be fought. And no
matter
how
great
the
obstacles
may
seem,
we
must
never
stop
our
efforts
to
reduce
the weapons of war. We must never stop
at all until we see the day when nuclear
arms have been banished from the face
of this Earth.
With peaceful
cooperation as our guide, the possibilities for
future progress
are
great.
For
example,
we
look
forward
to
exploring
with
China
the
possibilities
of cooperating
in the development of space on behalf of our
fellow citizens.
Our
astronauts
have
found
that
by
working
in
the
zero
gravity
environment
of
space,
we
will
be
able
to
manufacture
life-saving
medicines
with
far
greater
purity
and
efficiency, medicines that will treat
diseases of heart attack and stroke that
afflict millions of us. We will learn
how to manufacture Factor 8, a rare and
expensive medicine used to treat
hemophiliacs. We can research the Beta Cell,
which produces insulin, and which could
provide mankind's first permanent cure
for diabetes.
New
satellites can be launched for use in navigation,
weather forecasting,
broadcasting, and
computer technology. We already have the
technology to make
the extraordinary
commonplace. We hope to see the day when a Chinese
scientist
working out an engineering
problem in Fudan will be able to hook into the
help
of a scientist at a computer at
MIT. And the scientist in Boston will be able
to call on the expertise of the
scientist in Shanghai, and all of it in a matter
of seconds.
My young
friends, this is the way of the future. By pooling
our talents and
resources, we can make
space a new frontier of peace.
Your
government's
policy
of
forging
closer
ties
in
the
free
exchange
of
knowledge
has not only
enlivened your economy, it has opened the way to a
new convergence
of Chinese and American
interests. You have opened the door, and let me
assure
you that ours is also open.
Now, all of this is particularly
exciting in light of the recent history of our
two countries. For many years, there
was no closeness between us. The silence
took
its
toll.
A
dozen
years
ago,
it
began
to
change.
Together,
we
made
it
change.
And
now
in
the
past
5
years,
your
policy
of
opening
to
the
outside
world
has
helped
us begin to know each
other better than we ever had before.
But
that
process
has
just
begun.
To
many
Americans,
China
is
still
a
faraway
place,
unknown, unseen, and fascinating. And
we are fascinated. [Laughter]
I wonder
if you're aware of the many ways China has touched
American life? The
signs of your
influence and success abound. If I were spending
this afternoon
in
Washington,
I
might
look
out
the
window
and
see
a
man
and
woman
strolling
along
Pennsylvania Avenue wearing Chinese
silk. They might be on their way to our
National
Portrait
Gallery
to
see
the
Chinese
art
exhibit.
And
from
there,
perhaps
they would stroll to our National
Gallery to see the new building designed by
the
Chinese
American
architect,
.
Pei.
After
that,
they
might
end
their
day
dining
in a restaurant that
serves Chinese cuisine. [Laughter]
We
associate China
with vitality,
enormous vitality,
and
something
that doesn't
always
go
along
with
that
--
subtlety,
the
subtlety
of
discerning
and
intelligent
minds.
Premier
Zhao
saw
something
of
the
American
attitude
toward
China
when
he
visited
us in
January.
He said after a few days in
our country that he never expected
such
profound feelings of friendship among the American
people for the Chinese
people.
Well, let me say, I'm happy to return
the compliment. I have found the people
of China to be just as warm and
friendly toward us, and it's made us very glad.
But
meeting
you
and
talking
to
you
has
only
made
me
want
to
know
more.
And
I
sense
that you feel the same way about
Americans. You, too, wish to know more.
I would like to tell you something
about us, and also share something of my own
values.
First of all,
America is really many Americas. We call ourselves
a nation of
immigrants,
and
that's
truly
what
we
are.
We
have
drawn
people
from
every
corner
of the Earth. We're composed of
virtually every race and religion, and not in
small
numbers,
but
large.
We
have
a
statue
in
New
York
Harbor
that
speaks
of
this,
a statue of a woman holding a torch of
welcome to those who enter our country
to
become
Americans.
She
has
greeted
millions
upon
millions
of
immigrants
to
our
country. She welcomes them still. She
represents our open door.
All
of
the
immigrants
who
came
to
us
brought
their
own
music,
literature,
customs,
and ideas. And the marvelous thing, a
thing of which we're proud, is they did
not
have
to
relinquish
these
things
in
order
to
fit
in.
In
fact,
what
they
brought
to
America
became
American.
And
this
diversity
has
more
than
enriched
us;
it
has
literally shaped us.
This
tradition
--
the
tradition
of
new
immigrants
adding
to
the
sum
total
of
what
we are -- is not a
thing of the past. New immigrants are still
bringing their
talents
and
improving the
quality of
American life.
Let me name
a few -- I think
you'll know
their names.
In
America,
Wang
computers
have
become
a
fixture
in
offices
throughout
the
country.
They
are the product of the energy and brilliance of
Mr. An Wang, who himself
is the product
of a Shanghai university.
The
faces
of
our
cities
shine
with
the
gleaming
buildings
of
Mr.
.
Pei,
who
first
became
interested in architecture as a student here in
Shanghai.
What
we
know
of
the
universe
and
the
fundamental
nature
of
matter
has
been
expanded
by
t
he
Nobel
Prize
winning
scientist,
Dr.
Lee
Tsung-Dao,
who
was
born
in
Shanghai.
We
admire
these
men;
we
honor
them;
and
we
salute
you
for
what
you
gave
them
that
helped make them great.
Sometimes in America, some of our
people may disagree with each other. We are
often a highly disputatious nation. We
rather like to argue. We are free to
disagree among ourselves, and we do.
But we always hold together as a society.
We've
held
together
for
more
than
200
years,
because
we're
united
by
certain
things
in which we all
believe, things to which we've quietly pledged our
deepest
loyalties. I draw your special
attention to what I'm about to say, because it's
so important to an understanding of my
country.
We believe in the dignity of
each man, woman, and child. Our entire system is
founded on an appreciation of the
special genius of each individual, and of his
special right to make his own decisions
and lead his own life.
We
believe
--
and
we
believe
it
so
deeply
that
Americans
know
these
words
by
heart
-- we believe ``that
all men are created equal, that they are endowed
by their
Creator with certain
unalienable Rights, that among those are Life,
Liberty and
the
pursuit
of
Happiness.''
Take
an
American
student
or
teacher
aside
later
today
and
ask if he or she hasn't committed those words to
memory. They are from the
document by
which we created our nation, the Declaration of
Independence.
We elect our government
by the vote of the people. That is how we choose
our
Congress
and
our
President.
We
say
of
our
country,
``Here
the
People
Rule,''
and
it is so.
Let me tell you
something of the American character. You might
think that with
such a varied nation
there couldn't be one character, but in many
fundamental
ways there is.
We are a fair-minded people. We're
taught not to take what belongs to others.
Many
of
us,
as
I
said,
are
the
children
and
grandchildren
and
great-grandchildren
of immigrants, and from them we learned
something of hard labor. As a nation we
toiled
up
from
poverty,
and
no
people
on
Earth
are
more
worthy
to
be
trusted
than
those
who
have
worked
hard
for
what
they
have.
None
is
less
inclined
to
take
what
is not
theirs.
We're idealists. Americans
love freedom, and we've fought and died to protect
the
freedom
of
others.
When
the
armies
of
fascism
swept
Europe
four
decades
ago,
the
American people fought at great cost to defend the
countries under assault.
When
the armies
of
fascism
swept Asia,
we fought with you to stop
them. And some
of you
listening today remember those days, remember when
our General Jimmy
Doolittle and his
squadron came halfway around the world to help.
Some of those
pilots
landed
in
China.
You
remember
those
brave
young
men.
You
hid
them
and
cared
for
them and bound up their wounds. You saved many of
their lives.
When the Second World War
was won, the United States voluntarily withdrew
from
the faraway places in which we had
fought. We kept no permanent armies of
occupation.
We didn't
take an
inch
of
territory, nor do
we occupy
one today. Our
record of
respect for the freedom and independence of others
is clear.
We're a compassionate
people. When the war ended we helped rebuild our
allies
-- and our enemies as well. We
did this because we wanted to help the innocent
victims
of
bad
governments
and
bad
policies,
and
because,
if
they
prospered,
peace
would be more secure.
We're
an
optimistic
people.
Like
you,
we
inherited
a
vast
land
of
endless
skies,
tall
mountains,
rich
fields,
and
open
prairies.
It
made
us
see
the
possibilities
in
everything.
It
made
us
hopeful.
And
we
devised
an
economic
system
that
rewarded
individual effort,
that gave us good reason for hope.
We
love peace. We hate war. We think -- and always
have -- that war is a great
sin, a
woeful waste. We wish to be at peace with our
neighbors. We want to live
in harmony
with friends.
There is one other part
of our national character I wish to speak of.
Religion
and faith are very important
to us. We're a nation of many religions. But most
Americans derive their religious belief
from the Bible of Moses, who delivered
a
people
from
slavery;
the
Bible
of
Jesus
Christ,
who
told
us
to
love
thy
neighbor
as
thyself, to do unto your neighbor as you would
have him do unto you.
And
this,
too,
has
formed
us.
It's
why
we
wish
well
for
others.
It's
why
it
grieves
us
when
we
hear
of
people
who
cannot
live
up
to
their
full
potential
and
who
cannot
live in peace.
We invite you to know us. That is the
beginning of friendship between people.
And friendship between people is the
basis for friendship between governments.
The silence between our governments has
ended. In the past 12 years, our people
have
become
reacquainted,
and
now
our
relationship
is
maturing.
And
we're
at
the
point where we can build the basis for
a lasting friendship.
Now, you know,
as I do, that there's much that naturally divides
us: time and
space, different languages
and values, different cultures and histories, and
political systems that are
fundamentally different. It would be foolish not
to
acknowledge
these
differences.
There's
no
point
in
hiding
the
truth
for
the
sake
of a friendship, for a friendship based
on fiction will not long withstand the
rigors of this world.
But
let
us,
for
a
moment,
put
aside
the
words
that
name
our
differences
and
think
what we have in
common. We are two great and huge nations on
opposite sides of
the
globe.
We
are
both
countries
of
great
vitality
and
strength.
You
are
the
most
populous country on Earth; we are the
most technologically developed. Each of
us holds a special weight in our
respective sides of the world.
There
exists between us a kind of equipoise. Those of
you who are engineering
students will
perhaps appreciate that term. It speaks of a fine
and special
balance.
Already there are some political
concerns that align us, and there are some
important
questions
on
which
we
both
agree.
Both
the
United
States
and
China
oppose
the
brutal
and
illegal
occupation
of
Kampuchea.
Both
the
United
States
and
China
have
stood
together
in
condemning
the
evil
and
unlawful
invasion
of
Afghanistan.
Both the United
States and China now share a stake in preserving
peace on the
Korean Peninsula, and we
share a stake in preserving peace in this area of
the
world.
Neither
of
us
is
an
expansionist
power.
We
do
not
desire
your
land,
nor
you
ours.
We
do
not
challenge
your
borders.
We
do
not
provoke
your
anxieties.
In
fact,
both
the United States and China are forced
to arm themselves against those who do.
The
United
States
is
now
undertaking
a
major
strengthening
of
our
defenses.
It's
an expensive effort,
but we make it to protect the peace, knowing that
a strong
America is a safeguard for the
independece and peace of others.
Both
the United States and China are rich in human
resources and human talent.
What
wonders lie before us if we practice the advice,
Tong Li He Zuo -- Connect
strength, and work together.
Over
the
past
12
years,
American
and
Chinese
leaders
have
met
frequently
to
discuss
a
host
of
issues.
Often
we
have
found
agreement,
but
even
when
we
have
not,
we've
gained insight into each other, and
we've learned to appreciate the other's
perspectives on the world.
This process will continue, and it will
flourish if we remember certain things.
We
must
neither
ignore
our
problems
nor
overstate
them.
We
must
never
exaggerate
our difficulties
or send alarms for small reasons. We must remember
that it is
a delicate thing to oppose
the wishes of a friend, and when we're forced to
do
so, we must be understanding with
each other.
I hope that when history
looks back upon this new chapter in our
relationship,
these will be remembered
as days when America and China accepted the
challenge
to strengthen the ties that
bind us, to cooperate for greater prosperity among
our people, and to strive for a more
secure and just peace in the world.
You, the students at Fudan University,
and the scholars at all the universities
in China and America have a great role
to play in both our countries' futures.
From your ranks will come the
understanding and skill the world will require in
decades to come. Today's leaders can
pave the way of the future. That is our
responsibility.
But
it
is
always
the
younger
generation
who
will
make
the
future.
It is you who will
decide if a continuing, personal friendship can
span the
generations
and
the
differences
that
divide
us.
In
such
friendship
lies
the
hope
of the
world.
When he was a very young man,
Zhou Enlai wrote a poem for a schoolmate who was
leaving to study abroad. Zhou
appreciated the responsibilities that separated
them, but
he also remembered
fondly the qualities that made them friends. And
his poem ends:
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