associated上海市静安区2018届高三英语二模试卷及答案

静安区高三年级英语期中（二模）测试卷（

2018.5

）

I. Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions:

In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.

At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The

conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a

conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper,

and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

1.

A. By the seaside.

B. In a restaurant.

C. In a supermarket.

D. At home.

2.

A. Driving the private car costs little.

B. Taking subway requires a special pass.

C. It’s more convenient to carry canned fish by pri

vate cars.

D. It’s uncomfortable to take the subway.

3.

A. A phone company clerk.

B. A mechanic.

C. A travel agent.

D. A marriage consultant.

4.

A. The woman should go out to work.

B. The woman should take charge of the cleaning herself.

C. Maids are not very trustworthy these days.

D. He contributes a lot to the family economy.

5.

A. He is not clever enough for the math club.

B. He doesn’t have enough enthusiasm to explore math.

C. He lacks former experiences in math study.

D. He will be sooner or later admitted into the math club.

6.

A. 2.

B. 3.

C. 5.

D. 7.

7.

A. The woman was mistaken about where she lost her ipad.

B. The woman’s ipad might be kept well in the library.

C. There’s a very slight chance of

finding back her ipad.

D. Her ipad is for public use so she might as well buy a new one.

8.

A. As a science fiction fan, she has already seen the film.

B. She will go to deal with a dental problem then.

C. She will go for a business appointment then.

D. She is not very happy to go to see a film with the man.

9.

A. Her personal feeling quite contrasts with the research finding.

B. Reading books is teenagers’ favourite activity.

C. All the researches are offering misleading information.

D. Mobile phones have taken none of teenagers’ leisure time.

10.

A. Previous customers have bought up the ovens on sale.

B. Many other goods on sale are still available.

C. The man can buy the oven through other channels.

D. The oven is now sold at regular price.

Section B

Directions:

In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation.

After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages

and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once.

When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide

which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.

11. A. To take advantage of cheap sugar cane.

B. To reduce carbon dioxide emission.

C. To add a selling point for its cola.

D. To attract more young customers.

12. A. To exchange food recipe(

配方

) with these companies.

B. To share customer information with these companies.

C. To get investments from these companies.

D. To relieve these company’s dependence on petroleum.

13. A.

Coca-

Cola’s new ways to cut costs.

B.

Coca- Cola

’s transfer to recyclable plant plastics.

C.

Coca- Cola

’s successful partnerships with

other business giants.

D.

Coca-

Cola’s efforts to

pay more attention to customers’ needs.

Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.

14. A. It provides jet bursts to strongly clean the body.

B. It installs noise- masking effect equipment.

C. It has a private doctor stand by the toilet.

D. It collects one’s physical data when the toilet is used.

15. A. The toilet will be more economical on water.

B. User’s doctor can instantly get the data.

C. A device inside the basin will be installed.

D. Treatment suggestions will be delivered to the doctor.

16. A. Because young people are not keen on innovations.

B. Because young people are suspicious of the toilet’s function.

C. Because the retail price is high for the young.

D. Because young people don’t know much about the product.

Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.

17. A. Because it’s an experienced car rental agency.

B. Because it provides big discount on the rent.

C. Because it’s convenient to collect the car after arrival.

D. Because it offers commute cars and cars for long trip.

18. A. Unreliable technology.

B. Short battery life.

C. Potential radiation from electricity.

D. Lack of charging points.

19. A. ?370.

B. ?400.

C. ?530.

D. ?560.

20. A. Car rental service fee.

B. Insurance fee.

C. Gas fee.

D. Traffic fine.

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions:

After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage

coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each

blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that

best fits each blank.

Uh-oh, the new year's just begun and already you're finding it hard to keep those

resolutions to junk the junk food, get off the couch or kick smoking. There's a biological

reason why a lot of our bad habits are so hard to break

–

they get

（

21

）

______(wire) into our

brains.

reward,

authority on the brain's pleasure pathway.

as opposed to (22)______ is delayed,

How this bit of happiness turns into a habit involves a pleasure-sensing chemicalnamed

dopamine. It causes the brain (23)______(pursue) that reward again and again strengthening

the connection each time

–

especially when it gets the right hint from your environment.

People tend to overestimate their ability to resist temptations around them, thus (24)

______(destroy) attempts to give up bad habits. Even scientists who recognize it (25)______

show weakness.

to eat it,

，

A movement to pay people for behavior changes may exploit that connection, as some

companies offer employees outright payments or insurance reduction for adopting better

habits.

(26)______well paying for behavior plays out, researchers say there are still some steps

that may help fight your brain's hold (27)______ newly-established habits:

Repeat, repeat, repeat the new behavior

–

the same routine at the same time of day. You

decide to exercise. Doing it at the same time of the morning, rather than fitting it in casually,

(28)______ (make) the striatum(

终脑皮层

)recognize the ore, if you don’t keep

doing it, you will feel frustrated.

Exercise itself raises dopamine levels, so eventually your brain will get a feel-good hit

(29)______ ______ your muscles protest.

Besides, try to reward yourself with (30)______ that you really desire. For instance, if

you exercise all week or stick to your diet, you could try a fancy restaurant- safer perhaps than

a box of cookies because the price inhibits the quantity.

Section B

Directions:

Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word

can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. necessary

B. infect

C. extremes

D. refreshed

E. spells

F. impact

G. accompanied

H. sufficient

I. shrink

J. silenced

K. earned

As the increased amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, heat stress, longer

droughts(

干旱

), and more intense rainfalls linked to

global warming continue to

upset our daily weather, we often forget they also ___31___ the quantity, quality, and

growing locations of our food. Many foods have already ___32___ top spots on the

world's

the next 30 years.

To start with what is ___33___ in many people’s lives, we are disappointed to

find that coffee plantations in South America, Africa, Asia, and Hawaii are all being

threatened by rising air temperatures and erratic(

不稳定的

) rainfall patterns, which

invite disease and invasive species to ___34___ the coffee plant and beans. The result?

Significant cuts in coffee output.

And Coffee's culinary cousin, cacao (aka chocolate), is also suffering stress from

global warming's rising temperatures. But for chocolate, it isn't the warmer climate

alone that's the problem. Cacao trees actually prefer warmer climates as long as that

warmth is paired with high humidity and ___35___ rain. However, the problem is that

the higher temperatures projected for the world's leading chocolate-producing

countries are not expected to be___36___by an increase in rainfall. Therefore as

higher temperatures take more moisture from soil and plants, it's unlikely that rainfall

will increase enough to make up for this loss.

A notably nutritious plant, the peanut grows best when it gets five months of

continuous warm weather and 20 to 40 inches of rain. Anything less and plants won't

survive. That isn't good news when most climate models agree that the climate of the

future will be one of the ___37___, including droughts and heatwaves.

The world has already caught a glimpse of the peanut's future fate when last year

a serious drought across the peanut- growing Southeastern U.S. led many plants to die.

According to a financial report, the dry ___38___ caused peanut prices to rise by as

much as 40 percent!

Finally, in the world of sea, as air temperatures rise, oceans and waterways

absorb some of the heat and undergo warming of their own. The result is the

___39___in fish population. Warmer waters also encourage vicious marine bacteria,

like Vibrio, to grow and cause illness in humans.

And that satisfying

蟹

) could be ___40___ as

shellfish struggle to build their calcium carbonate (

碳酸钙

) shells, a result of ocean

acidification.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions:

For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases

marked A, B, C and

D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the

context.

“Don’t get sick in July!”

This is a common concern in teaching hospitals in the U.S. It’s driven by the

academic calendar: July is when the new interns, fresh out of medical school, start

work.

In other words, it’s when everyone is most ___41___. The theory is that this

disadvantage leads to mistakes.

So is medical experience good or bad? Well, in most cases, your doctor’s

experience is very helpful, allowing her to pick up on a(n) ___42___ symptom early

in a disease process, when machines still can’t take a hand. She can also determine

the right treatment when your condition falls outside of what is in the ___43___,

where newbies get most of their ideas. For many medical treatments, there’s a di

rect

connection between physician experience and your treating outcome.

In a variety of situations, though, experience can backfire. The reason is simple

___44___. Doctors are humans too and they ___45___ tricks of the mind

—

like

believing that an ineffective treatment really works. In fact, entire fields of research

are devoted to understanding why these errors of thought occur. They ___46___

from so-called cognitive prejudice that can mislead even ___47___ practitioners

into making the wrong decisions.

Doctors are usually locked onto a diagnosis early and disregard new and

___48___ information. For example, a patient may be diagnosed with a quickly

fatal cancer, but then ends up trying various herbal remedies and lives for 30 more

years. Instead of analyzing the ___49___ diagnosis, the patient, and maybe even the

doctor, may assume that the herbal remedies cured the cancer.

Also, some experienced doctors tend to believe evidence when it supports their

previous opinion while subconsciously ignoring

information opposing it. Let’s say

your doctor is pretty certain you have ill digestion and orders a test to___50___ the

suspicion, which produces negative result. But she treats you for ill digestion

anyway because she was ___51___ with the prior diagnosis by experience.

In fact, there are clearly many benefits to having a highly experienced doctor, such

as technical proficiency. But there may actually be some unexpected benefits to

having a less-experienced one too. She may have a more up-to-date education,

boundless energy and perhaps is less vulnerable to biases, freed from the same

___52___ for years.

To safeguard yourself as a patient, one thing you should always do is ___53___.

It may not always be possible to determine that your doctor has met with an

unconscious thinking ___54___. But asking questions does force your doctor to

think twice and ___55___ her decision about your case.

41. A. innocent

B. productive

C. inexperienced

D. prohibited

42. A. slight

B. objective

C. complex

D. sustainable

43. A. media

B. tradition

C. reality

D. textbook

44. A. psychology

B. education

C. procedure

D. priority

45. A. take advantage of

B. make sense of

C. fall victim to

D. play fire with

46. A. spring

B. depart

C. benefit

D. distinguish

47. A. highly-motivated

B. well-seasoned

C. deeply-offended

D. wide-eyed

48. A. moderate

B. visible

C. conflicting

D. permanent

49. A. initial

B. tough

C. multiple

D. private

50. A. evaluate

B. operate

C. confirm

D. revise

51. A. preoccupied

B. labelled

C. associated

D. concerned

52. A. professional circle

B. thinking pattern

C. academic background

D. operating order

53. A. investigating

B. questioning

C. monitoring

D. observing

54. A. obstacle

B. trap

C. horizon

D. struggle

55. A. practice

B. accommodate

C. justify

D. remove

Section B

Directions:

Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several

questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,

B, C and

D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the

passage you have just read.

(A)

Last October I was on a diving holiday in the Philippines with seven other

advanced divers. I dived off the boat slowly sinking to about 20m.

After nearly 45 minutes, the sound of my breathing was drowned out by a low

rumble like an engine and I felt deep powerful vibrations(

震动

) as if a big boat with a

propeller was passing overh

ead. The dive instructor’s eyes were wide with

confusion too. We both swam next to each other staying close to the side of the

reef(

礁石

). The situation felt sinister.

Then we were enveloped by clouds of white sand that mushmoomed up around

us. Could it be a giant turtle(

海龟

) racing past us? They are normally slow

movers so this was very weird behavior. The vibration became so intense that I

could feel it in my bones and then the sound turned into a deafening roar. Suddenly,

a few meters below us, breaks began

forming and the sand was sucked down. That’s

when I got what it was. The noise was the sound of the earth splintering open and

grinding against itself.

The instructor and I held hands and looked into each other’s eyes. I felt

comforted by his presence. I was numb(

麻木的

) for terror but clear-headed. My

body went on high alert, ready to react. But I have no power over whatever this is.

The only option is to stay very still and let it do whatever its going to do.

It took enormous willpower to resist the urge to swim to the surface, which is not

sensible as situation on the surface at that time was ambiguous with potential threats

pending. Soon we saw other divers.

The sound and vibration lasted only two or three minutes and when they stopped

I heard the swoosh of sand falling over the seabed. We all held hands before

resurfacing to avoid decompression sickness, which can be fatal. When up, it was a

huge relief to see all the divers and we all shared incredulous looks before pulling out

our breathing tools and sho

uting, ”What was that?”

Back on the boat, we rushed to check the news and discovered we had witnessed

a huge earthquake, measuring 7.2 on the Richter scale. It released more energy than

30 Hiroshima bombs, though it seemed that we were not at the epicenter(

震中

). I

was high and felt lucky surprisingly not because of my recent survival miracle, but to

have experienced nature at its most stunning and its most frightening.

56. How did the author realize that they met with an earthquake?

A. By feeling the violent shake under the sea.

B. By witnessing a normally-slow turtle quickly moving by.

C. By seeing the seafloor crack.

D. By checking the news and be informed of the event.

57. Why didn’t the author rise to the surface before the vibration stopped?

A. Because the instructor gestured him not to rise.

B. Because he was numb in body.

C. Because he could sense the unclear water situation.

D. Because he tried to avoid unexpected danger above.

58. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A. At the beginning of the event, a big boat passed by causing big vibration.

B. All the divers used the reef as the protection against the violent vibration.

C. I felt relieved as the instructor was experienced in handling situations like this.

D. Powerless to fight nature, I was tame when under the water.

59. Why did the author feel fortunate on the boat?

A. Because he was not at the epicenter of the earthquake.

B. Because he finally survived a huge earthquake.

C. Because he could witness a rare natural phenomenon.

D. Because he didn’t suffer from decompression sickness.

(B)

Amazon is presenting to you our weekly bestsellers in the fiction section.

Twilight Whispers

Linked for years through friendship and intermarriage, the Warren and Whyte families

find their charmed world marred when Mark Whyte and his wife Deborah Warren are

murdered. Police detectives, hearing about

dissension

of the families, set out to

examine the mystique behind their superficial rapport.

Katia Morell, daughter of the Whyte’s housekeeper, is drawn back to her growing

place and is forced to face her life-long love for Jordan Whyte. As many secrets are

uncovered, especially about Katia’s biological father, the two young people from rival

families are encountering fierce family objection in their search for happiness.

10

The New Colossus

Nellie Bly, blessed with courage and reportage skill, lands two front-page stories on

the widely-

read newspaper, Joseph Pulitzer’s NEW YORK WORLD.

Pulitzer is so impressed that he assigns her to a murder case confusing the police

—

the

death of Emma Lazaru. Her investigation leads to tense encounters with some

powerful and ruthless men of the time, when evils run wild on unregulated upper class.

Bly has one real ally: a doctor who uses scientific techniques to establish criminal

behavior. As the pieces fall into place, Bly uncovers layers of corruption(

腐败

).

The essential connection between the murder case and the prevalent greed and

darkness of the then society finally emerges.

The Last Days of Night

A young lawyer named Paul Cravath, takes a case that seems impossible to win.

Paul’s client, George Westinghouse, has been sued by Thomas Edison over a

billion-dollar question: Who invented the light bulb and holds the right to power the

country?

The case affords Paul entry to the heady world of high society

—

the glittering parties

and the dark dealings behind closed doors. The task is beyond daunting. Edison is a

dangerous opponent with vast resources at his disposal

—

private spies, newspapers.

Yet this unknown lawyer shares with his famous opponent a compulsion to win at all

costs.

In obsessive pursuit of victory, Paul receives favors from Nikola Tesla, a brilliant

inventor holding the key to defeating Edison.

Bones Don't Lie

Private investigator Lance Kruger was just a boy when his father vanished

twenty-

three years ago. Since then he’s lived under the weight of that disappearance

for over 20 years

—until his father’s car is finally dragged out from Grey Lake.

It

should be a time for closure, except for the skeleton found in the trunk. A missing

person case gone cold has become a murder.

For Lance, the investigation yields troubling questions about a man he thought he

knew. But memories can play dirty tricks. For his partner attorney Morgan,

uncovering each new lie comes with a disquieting fear that someone is out there

watching, killing every witness tied to this decades-old crime.

60. In which way is

The Last Days of Night

different from the other three novels?

A. In that

The Last Days of Night

exposes the evil and the dark dealings of the

upper class life then.

B. In that nobody is killed illegally in

The Last Days of Night.

C. In that the leading character in

The Last Days of Night

has got help from other

characters.

D. In that the leading character is born into a rich upper class family.

61. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A. In

Twilight Whispers

, the biggest challenge for Katia and Jordan is the long

separation of time and space between them.

B. In

The New Colossus

, the cause of the murder is rooted in the then corrupted

society.

C. In

The Last Days of Night

, Paul finally wins the law case because of his client

Westinghouse’s vast resources at disposal.

D. In

Bones don’t lie,

Lance Kruger’s father was confirmed by the police as the

murdered when Lance was a boy.

62. The underlined word

dissention

is closest in meaning to ______.

A. financial worsening

C. the loss of power

B. silence

D. conflict

(C)

If what we did were simply work to live, the reality of our everyday existence

would be equivalent to that of stone age man. All of human achievement that makes

modern life possible has happened because of the time that has been freed up from the

work of everyday survival.

For most of the human species on earth man and woman have been occupied

with the simple business of staying alive in as much relative comfort as possible.

Hunting and gathering, finding or building shelter, defending the little that one has

from plunder(

抢夺

), surviving long enough to have offsprings of a mature enough age