welfare-工作组
2004
年
1
月英语六级真题
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the
following passage.
For
years,
doctors
advised
their
patients
that
the
only
thing
taking
multivitamins
does
is
give
them
expensive
urine
(
尿
).
尿液带走维生素
After
all,
true
vitamin
deficiencies are practically
unheard of
in
industrialized countries.
Now it seems those
doctors
may
have
been
wrong.
The
results
of
a
growing
number
of
studies
suggest
that even a
modest vitamin
shortfall can be harmful to your
health
. Although proof of
the
benefits
of
multivitamins
is
still
far
from
certain,
the
few
dollars
you
spend
on
them is probably a good
investment.
Or
at
least
that's
the
argument
put
forward
in
the
New
England
Journal
of
Medicine.
Ideally,
say
Dr.
Walter
Willett
and
Dr.
Meir
Stampfer
of
Harvard,
all
vitamin
supplements would be
evaluated
in scientifically
rigorous clinical
trials.
But
those studies can take a long time and
often raise more questions than they
answe
r. At
some point,
while researchers work on
figuring out where
the truth
lies,
it
just
makes
sense to say
the
potential benefit outweighs the
cost.
The best
evidence to date concerns
folate, one
of
the B
vitamins. It's been
proved
to limit the number of defects
in embryos (
胚胎
), and a
recent trial found that folate in
combination
with
vitamin
B
12
and
a
form
of
B6
also
decreases
the
re-
blockage
of
arteries after
surgical repair.
好处
The
news
on
vitamin
E
has
been
more
mixed.
Healthy
folks
who
take
400
international
units daily
for at
least two
years appear
somewhat
less
likely
to develop
heart
disease.
But
when
doctors
give
vitamin
E
to
patients
who
already
have
heart
disease, the vitamin
doesn't seem to help.
It may turn out
that vitamin E plays a role
in
prevention but cannot undo serious damage.
预防但不治病
Despite
vitamin
C's
great
popularity
,
consuming
large
amounts
of
it
still
has
not
been positively
linked to
any
great benefit.
The body
quickly becomes saturated with
C and
simply excretes (
排泄
) any
excess.
The
multivitamins question boils down
to this:
Do
you
need
to
wait
until all
the
evidence
is
in
before
you
take them, or are
you willing
to accept
that there's enough
evidence
that they don't hurt and could help?
If the latter, there's no
need to go to extremes and buy the biggest horse
pills or the
most
expensive
bottles.
Large
doses
can
cause
trouble,
including
excessive
bleeding
and nervous system problems.
Multivitamins
are
no
substitute
for
exercise
and
a
balanced
diet
,
of
course.
As
long
as
you
understand
that
any
potential
benefit
is
modest
and
subject
to
further
refinement, taking a
daily multivitamin makes a lot of sense.
21. At one time doctors discouraged
taking
multivitamins because
they believed that
multivitamins ____.
A) could
not
easily be absorbed by
the human body
不易被吸收
最终随尿液排
除
B) were potentially harmful
to people's health
C) were
too expensive for daily consumption
D) could not provide any cure for
vitamin deficiencies
1
22. According to the
author, clinical trials of vitamin supplements
____.
A) often result in
misleading conclusions
B)
take time and will not produce conclusive results
耗时
且
结果未必准确
C) should be conducted by scientists on
a larger scale
D) appear to
be a sheer waste of time and resources
23. It has been found that vitamin E
_____.
A) should be taken
by patients regularly and persistently
B) can effectively reduce the
recurrence of heart disease
C) has a preventive but not curative
effect on heart
disease
预防但不治病
D) should be given to patients with
heart disease as early as possible
24.
It can be seen that large doses of multivitamins
_____.
A) may bring about
serious side effects
副作用
B) may help prevent
excessive bleeding
C) are
likely to induce the blockage of arteries
D) are advisable for those
with vitamin deficiencies
25. The
author concludes the passage with the advice that
_____.
A)
the
benefit
of
daily
multivitamin
intake
outweighs
that
of
exercise
and
a
balanced diet
B)
it's risky to take multivitamins without knowing
their specific function
C)
the potential benefit of multivitamins can never
be overestimated
D) it's
reasonable to take a rational dose of
multivitamins daily
合理的剂量
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the
following passage.
Some
futurologists
have
assumed
that
the
vast
upsurge
(
剧增
)
of
women
in
the
workforce
may
portend
a
rejection
of
marriag
e.
Many
women,
according
to
this
hypothesis,
would rather
work than marry
.
The
converse (
反面
) of this
concern is that
the prospects of
becoming a
multi-paycheck household
could encourage
marriages
做
家务要付款
. In the past, only the
earnings and financial prospects of the man
counted
in the marriage decision. Now,
however, the earning ability of a woman can make
her
more
attractive
as
a
marriage
partner.
Data
show
that
economic
downturns
tend
to
postpone
marriage
because
the
parties
cannot
afford
to
establish
a
family
or
are
concerned
about
rainy
days
ahead.
As
the
economy
rebounds,
the
number
of
marriages also rises.
Coincident
with
the
increase
in
women
working outside
the
home
is the
increase
in
divorce
rates.
Y
et,
it
may
be
wrong
to
jump
to
any
simple
cause-
and-effect
conclusions. The
impact of a
wife's work on
divorce
is
no
less cloudy than
its
impact
on
marriage decisions.
The
realization
that she
can be
a
good provider
may
increase
the
chances
that a
working
wife will choose divorce over an
unsatisfactory
marriage.
But
the
reverse
is
equally
plausible
.
Tensions
grounded
in
financial
problems
often
play
a
key
role
in
ending
a
marriage.
Given
high
unemployment,
inflationary
problems,
and
slow
growth
in
real
earnings,
a
working
wife
can
increase
household
income
and
relieve
some
of
these
pressing
financial
burdens.
By
raising
a
family's
standard
of
living,
a
working
wife
may
strengthen
her
family's
financial
and
2
emotional stability.
Psychological
factors
also
should
be
considered.
For
example,
a
wife
blocked
from a
career outside the
home
may
feel caged
in
the
house. She
may
view
her only
choice
as
seeking
a
divorce.
On
the
other
hand,
if
she
can
find
fulfillment
through
work
outside
the
home,
work
and
marriage
can
go
together
to
create
a
stronger
and
more
stable union.
Also, a major
part of women's
inequality in marriage
has been due to the fact that,
in
most
cases,
men
have
remained
the
main
breadwinners.
With
higher
earning
capacity
and
status
occupations
outside
of
the
home
comes
the
capacity
to
exercise
power
within
file
family. A working
wife
may rob a
husband of being
the
master of
the
house.
Depending
upon
how
the
couple
reacts
to
these
new
conditions,
it
could
create a stronger
equal partnership or it could create new
insecurities.
26.
The word
A) defy
C) suffer from
B) signal
预示
信号
D) result from
27. It is said in the passage that when
the economy slides, _____.
A) men would choose working women as
their marriage partners
B)
more women would get married to seek financial
security
C) even working
women would worry about their marriages
D)
more people
would prefer to remain
single for the
time being
经济不景气
结
婚的少
28. If women find fulfillment through
work outside the home, _____.
A) they are more likely to dominate
their marriage partners
B)
their husbands are expected to do more housework
C) their marriage ties can
be strengthened
工作和谐
家庭和谐
D)they tend to put their career before
marriage
29. One reason why women with
no career may seek a divorce is that
_____.
A)
they
feel
that
they
have
been
robbed
of
their
freedom
无自由
caged
in
the
house
B) they are afraid of being bossed
around by their husbands
C)
they feel that their partners fail to live up to
their expectations
D) they
tend to suspect their husbands' loyalty to their
marriage
30. Which
of
the
following
statements
can
best
summarize
the
author's
view
in
the
passage?
A)
The
stability
of
marriage
and
the
divorce
rate
may
reflect
the
economic
situation of the
country
.
B)
Even
when
economically
independent,
most
women
have
to
struggle
for
real
equality in marriage.
C)
In
order
to
secure
their
marriage
women
should
work
outside
the
home
and
remain independent
D)
The
impact of
the
growing
female
workforce on
marriage
varies
from case to
case.
影响是多方面的
3