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大爷高考英语语法填空真题汇编(含答案)及解析

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2021-01-28 15:26
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大爷-directional

2021年1月28日发(作者:regard)


高考英语语法填空真题汇编


(


含答案

< p>
)


及解析




一、高中英语语法填空



1

< p>


阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容


(1< /p>


个单词


)


或括号内单词的正确形式。




A few months ________(early), Stephanie Heller, had finished her workout in the gym when


she ________(notice)a woman in the parking lot struggling to bend down. Ms. Heller offered to


help her. The woman blamed old age for her incapacity, ________(explain)that she was 70. But


Ms. Heller was 71.


need


a


good


mood,


really.


I


love


singing


and


dancing


with


all


the


young


friends


I


________


(make)over the years. I'm only as old as I feel.



Each of us has ________actual age, the number we celebrate on birthdays. But some 50-, 60-


and 70-year-olds look and feel ________(youth), while others do not. Scientists measure these


differences by looking at age-related things like skin elasticity, blood pressure and so on, finding


some


________(connect)among


them.


People


________a


healthy


lifestyle


and


a


fortunate


genetic inheritance(


继承


)tend ________(score)



When scientists ask,


of


people's


physical


and


mental


health.


The


age


given


is


a


virtual


one,


________is


called








earlier



noticed



explaining



have


made



an< /p>



youthful/young



connection/connections



with



to score



which



【解析】


【分析】本文是一篇说明文,有的人看起来比实际年龄小, 是因为健康的生活方


式,好的遗传基因让人看起来更年轻,研究发现一个人的心态可以反 应他的主观年龄。





1


)考查形容词。根据后文的


had


finished


过去完成时,可判断事情发生在过去之前,


a


few months earlier“


几个月 之前



,可以和过去完成时连用,故填


earlier






2











可< /p>









< p>











had

< br>done…when(


从句用一般过去时


)


刚做完某事突然就


……


,故填


noticed






3


)考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知此处是非谓语 动词作状语,逻辑主语


the


woman


explain


(解释)之间是主动关系,应用现在分词 ,故填


explaining






4


)考查 时态。分析句子可知此处是定语从句谓语动词,根据下文的


over


the


years(


在过

< p>
去几年里


)


判断该句为现在完成时,主语为


I


,故填


have made






5


)考查冠词。


age

< p>



可数名词,此处是泛指,应用不定冠词,又< /p>


actual


是元音音素开


头,故填


an






6


)考查形容词。此处应填形容词作为


feel


的表语,


youth


的形容词是


young



y outhful


,故填


young/youthful






7


)考查名词。此处应填名词作为


finding< /p>


的宾语,


connect


的名词形式


connection


为可


数名词,


some


可以理解为



一些


/


某个



,故此处可以用名词单数形式,也可用复数形式,


故填


con nection/connections






8


)考查 介词。句意:拥有健康生活方式和好的遗传基因的人倾向于在这些评价中获得


高分。分析 句子可知此处应填介词,再结合句意表示



< br>”


的介词是


with


,故填


with




< /p>



9


)考查非谓语动词。


tend to do sth


固定短语,



倾向于做某事



,故填


to score






10


)考查定语从句。分析句子可知,此处是非限 定性定语从句的关系词,先行词


one



从句中充当主语,应用关系代词


which


引导,故填


which




< /p>


【点评】本题考点涉及形容词,时态,非谓语动词,冠词,介词,名词,定语从句以及多< /p>


个知识点的考查,是一篇健康类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上< /p>


下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。




2


< p>
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入


1


个适当的单词或括 号内单词的正确形式。




Since 1949 when the People's Republic of China ________(establish), and especially since 1978,


China's transformation from a traditional ________



agricul ture



society to a modern industrial


society


has


been


greatly


accelarated


by


a


rapid


industrial


restructuring.


China's


industrial


structure


developed


according


to


the


objective


of


industrialization,


________ aimed


at


the


proportion(


比例


)of


agriculture


declining


ceaselessly,


and


the


proportion


of


the


industrial


and


service sector increasing continually. ________(current), the industrial goods produced in China


all range from capital goods to consumption goods.



China's factory outputs extend from textiles (


纺织业


) to railway, planes and computers. China


is


the


largest


producer


of


inexpensive


cotton


textiles


in


the


world


and


exports


large


________(quantity)


of


textiles


and


clothes.


Food


processing


is


very


important,


and


much


farm


produce


is


exported.


Other


industrial


products


________(include)television


sets,


bicycles,


cars,


trucks and washing machines are expanding in the world.



China has become ________ industrialized country to some extent. The auto and the housing


industry,


in


the


process


of


industrialization


have


developed


by


leaps


and


bounds.


The


most


important export products are machinery and electric equipment,________ the most important


import


products


are


raw


materials.


In


recent


years,


China's


industry________(compete)


internationally,


and


as


a


result,


the


________(develop)of


the


country's


industry


is


increasingly


influenced by international economic environments.



【答案】



was

< br>established



agricultural< /p>



which



Currently



quantities

< br>;


including



an< /p>



while/and



has competed has been competing



development



【解析】


【分析】本文是一篇说明文 ,自


1978


年以来,中国从传统农业社会向现代工业社


会的转型,在产业结构调整的快速推进下,取得了长足的进步。中国在一定程度上已经成


为一个发达的工业化国家。





1


)考查时态语态。根据


Since


1949


可知应用一般过去时,且主语

< p>
the


People's


Republic


of


China


与谓语动词


establish


构成被动语态,用一般过去时的被动语态,故填


was


established






2


)考查 形容词。


society


为名词,需要形容词修饰,故填


agricultural






3


)考查 定语从句。句意:中国的产业结构是按照工业化的目标发展的,其目标是农业


比重不断下 降。本句为定语从句修饰先行词


the objective of industri alization


,且先行词在从


句中做主语,指物,故用关 系代词


which


,填


which






4


)考查副词。句意:目前,中国生产的工业产品从资本品到消费品 应有尽有。修饰整


个句子应用副词,故填


Currently< /p>






5


)考查名词。


large quantities of


固定短语,


大量


……”


,故填


quantit ies






6


)考查非谓语动词。句意:包括电视机、自行车、汽车、卡 车和洗衣机在内的其他工


业产品正在世界范围内扩张。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有 连词,故


include


只能做非


谓语 ,表示



包括;包含



后跟包含的内容时需用现在分词,故填


including





7


)考查冠词。句意:中国在一定程度上已经成为一个发达的工业化国家。


country


为可


数名词,此处表泛指

< p>


一个国家



,且


industrialized


为元音音素开头的单词,故应填


an






8


)考查连词。句意:最重要的出口产品是机 电设备,而最重要的进口产品是原材料。


表示前后对比应用


wh ile


;或表示承接关系用连词


and


。故填


while



and

< p>





9


)考查时态。根据上文


In


recent


years


可知本句为 完成时态,表示过去发生的动作持续


了一段时间持续到现在,用现在完成时,主语为单数 ,故填


has


competed


;或 表示过去发


生的动作从过去一直持续到现在,不曾间断,用现在完成进行时,主语为单数 ,故填


has


been competing




< p>


10


)考查名词。根据上文定冠词


the


可知应填名词形式,故填


developme nt





【 点评】本题考点涉及时态语态,形容词,定语从句,副词,名词,非谓语动词,冠词,


连 词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇政治经济类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,


进 一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单


词 形式。




3



阅读下面材料,在空白处填入


1


个适 当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。





Since


________


first


fully


artificial


plastic


was


invented


in


1907,


humans


________(find)


innumerable uses for the material. It has found ________(it) way into our tools, our clothes and


even our bodies. In a new study in ________(environment) science and technology, researchers


estimate


the


average


American


eats


more


than


50,000


pieces


of


microplastic


particles,


________(small)


than


5


millimeters


in


length


every


year


and


breathes


in


another


50,000.


Although


the


health


________(effect)


of


consuming


these


tiny


bits


of


plastic


are


unclear,


researchers stress the real volume that people are ________(casual) swallowing is alarming. The


largest


contributor


came


________


drinking


bottled


water,


in


________


the


bottle itself


added


more


than


32


times


more


plastic


to


a


diet


________(compare)


with


tap


water,


The


Guardian


reports.



【答案】



the



have

< br>found



its



environmental



smaller



effects


< br>casually



from



which



compared



【解析】


【分析】本文是一篇说明文 。文章提出了人工塑料渗入到我们生活的方方面面。


在环境科学与技术的一项新研究中, 研究人员估计,美国人平均每年吃掉


5


万多块塑料微

< p>
粒,这些微粒的长度小于


5


毫米,再吸入


5


万粒塑料微粒。主要诱因是饮用瓶装水。





1


)考查 冠词。句意:自从


1907


年第一个完全人工塑料被发明以来。 根据


first


可知此处


用冠词


the


。故填


the






2< /p>


)考查时态。句意:人类已经发现了这种材料的无数用途。


sin ce


引导的时间从句要用


一般过去时,主句要用现在完成时。分 析句子成分可知,主语是


humans


,故谓语动词为


have found


。故填


have found





3


)考查代词。句意:它已经渗入我们的工具、我们的衣 服甚至我们的身体。


way


是名


词,此 处应该用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故填


its


< p>




4


)考查形容词。句意:在环境科学与技术的一项新研究中。此处要用形容词修饰名词

science and technology


(科学与技术)。故填

< p>
environmental






5


)考查 形容词。句意:美国人平均每年吃掉


5


万多块塑料微粒,这些微 粒的长度小于


5


毫米,再吸入


5


万粒塑料微粒。根据


than


可知此处要用形 容词比较级。故填


smaller






6


)考查 名词。句意:尽管食用这些小塑料碎片对健康的影响尚不清楚。根据


the

< p>
health


是主语的一部分,可知此处用名词作主语,且谓语动词是


are


,故用可数名词复数,填


effec ts






7


)考查副词。句意:但研究人员强调,人们随意吞下的塑料碎 片的实际数量令人担


忧。此处要用副词修饰动词


swallow ing


。故填


casually


。< /p>





8


)考查介词。句意:最大促成物来自饮用瓶装水。


come


from


,固定短语,



来自



。故



from





9


)考查定语从句。句意:瓶装水在日常饮食中添加的塑 料量是自来水的


32


倍多。分析


句子成 分可知,先行词为


drinking


bottled


water


,指物,且作


in


的宾语,故此处填


which



故填


which






10


)考 查非谓语动词。句意:瓶装水在日常饮食中添加的塑料量是自来水的


32


倍多。


分析句子可知,


the bottle its elf



compare


在逻辑上是被 动关系。故填


compared





【点评】本题考点涉及冠词,时态,代词,形容词,名词,介 词,副词,定语从句以及非


谓语动词的等多个知识点的考查,是一篇环保类阅读,要求考 生在理解细节信息的基础


上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行 分析推理,从而写出正确


的单词形式。




4



阅读下 面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容


(1


个单词

< br>)


或括号内单词的正确形式。





When


it


comes


to


climate


change,


language


does


count.


In


March,


the


Guardian


changed________(it)


wording




using



heating


instead


of



warming


,


after


scientists found that Earth's temperature is set ________(rise) from between 2.5C and 4.5C. And


on


May


1,


the


UK


parliament


declared


a



emergency


________(become)the


first


parliament to do so.



If with


the state of


disturbed so much that there is no turning back. Everything will be changing: Coral will die, polar


bears


will


lose


their


habitats


completely,


and


extreme________


(weather)


like


droughts


and


heavy


storms


will


happen


at


a


higher________


(frequent).


There


is


no


denying


that


we're


entering a climate emergency.



Decades ago when the science on the climate issue was first increasing, the impacts could be


seen as an issue for future generations,


we all are living together.



However, getting these messages ________ is far from enough. It depends on each to find a


solution




if


there


are any solutions


left


to


find.


The


UK's


Labor


leader


Jeremy


urged


that



________(take) rapid and dramatic action now



Indeed, language matters. But action matters even more.



【答案】



its



to


rise



becoming



where



weathers/weat her



frequency



definitely



the



through/across



(should)take



【解析】


【分析】本文是一篇说明文,谈到气候变化,语言的确很重要。今年


3< /p>


月,在科


学家发现地球温度将从


2.5< /p>


度上升到


4.5


度之后,《卫报》改变了 它的措辞


——


使用


全球


变热



而不是

< br>


全球变暖






1


)考查代词。句意:今年


3


月,在科学家发现地球温度将从


2.5


度上升到


4.5

度之后,


《卫报》改变了它的措辞


——

使用



全球变热


而不是



全球变暖


< br>。文中表示



它的措辞


< p>
,所


以填


its






2

< p>
)考查非谓语动词。句意:今年


3


月,在科学家发 现地球温度将从


2.5


度上升到


4.5



之后,《卫报》改变了它的措辞


——


使用



全球变热



而不是



全球变暖




set


to

< br>do


固定短


语,



开始做



,故填


to rise






3


)考查非谓语动词。句意:


5< /p>



1


日,英国议会宣布进入



气候紧急状态



,成为第一个


这样做的议会。


become


的逻辑主 语是


the


UK


parliame nt


,它们之间是主动关系,用现在分


词作状语,所以填


becoming






4


)考查 定语从句。句意:如果在



全球变暖



的情况下,我们仍然在自己的舒适区处理这


种情况,进入

< p>


全球变热



的状态,就像走 向一个点,大自然的微妙平衡被扰乱得如此之


多,没有回头路。



4


the


delicate


balance


of


nature


is


disturbed


so


much


that


there


is


no


turning back.


是一个定语从句,先行词是


a point


,关系词在从句中作地点状语,所以填关系


副词


where





5


)考查名词。句意:珊瑚将会死亡,北极熊将完全失去 它们的栖息地,干旱和暴风雨


等极端天气将会以更高的频率发生。该空作句子主语用名词 ,单数或复数均可,所以填


weathers/weather






6< /p>


)考查名词。句意:珊瑚将会死亡,北极熊将完全失去它们的栖息地,干旱和暴风雨


等极端天气将会以更高的频率发生。介词之后,用名词,所以填


fre quency




< br>(


7


)考查副词。句意:几十年前,当气候问题的科学研 究刚刚起步时,其影响可能会被


视为未来几代人的问题,但现在这绝对是我们的问题,我 们都生活在一起的转变。修饰整


个句子,用副词,所以填


def initely






8


)考查冠词。句意:几十年前,当气候问题的科学 研究刚刚起步时,其影响可能会被


视为未来几代人的问题,但现在这绝对是我们的问题, 我们都生活在一起的转变。特指




个转 变



,用定冠词,所以填


the






9


)考查介词。句意:然而,仅仅理解这些信息是远远不够的。


get


through


/across


固定


短语,



理解



,故填


through/across< /p>






10


)考查虚拟语气。


that we 10 ( take) rapid and dramatic action now.

< br>是一个宾语从句,


urge


之后的宾语从句,宾语从句中 用


should


+


动词原形,


should


可以被省略的虚拟语气,


所以 填


(should)take





【点评】本题考点涉及代词,非谓语动词,定语从句,名词, 副词,冠词,介词以及虚拟


语气等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理 解细节信息的基础上,进一


步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推 理,从而写出正确的单词形


式。



< /p>


5



阅读下面短文,在空白处填入


1


个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。




The more advanced technology becomes, the more it seems to have control over our lives. We


shop,


work,


play,


search


for


information


and


seek


________


(chat)


with


each


other


online. Yet


people are not arguing about this astonishing condition. It ________ (believe) that people have


readily embraced technology, seeking only the benefits but ________ (ignore) its drawbacks.



It does not matter whether your home is in a ________ (noise) downtown or in the remote


countryside. If you have a screen ________ it can pick up a signal, your mind is still in the same


placeless place. This place is the zone ________ your mind will go when you stare at a screen,


and it feels like your mind stops thinking.




Recent


developments


in


technology


also


led


to


a


decline


in


normal


social


behaviors.


In


past


ages, you could walk around town for a whole day without seeing all the people you know. Now,


everyone


you


know


is


________


arm's


reach,


taking


that


certain


psychological


feeling


out


of


seeing people. You can see them every second of every day, and hear nearly every single thought


of theirs just as they hear ________ (you).



In ________ (conclude), modern technology can be a double- edged sword. They do have their


advantages, but they can change our lives ________ (complete).



【答案】



to


chat



is

believed



ignoring


noisy



and

< p>


where



with in



yours


< br>conclusion



completely



【解析】


【分析】本文是一篇议论文 ,论述了现代技术是一把双刃剑。它们确实有自己的


优势,但它们可以彻底改变我们的生 活。





1


)考查非谓语动词。句意:我们在网上购物、工作、娱乐、搜索信息和聊天。语


seek


to do sth.


固定短语,< /p>



试图做,设法做某事



,故填


to chat






2


)考查 时态语态。句意:人们相信,人们已经欣然接受了技术,只追求它





好处而忽


略了它的缺点。


It is believed that…


固定句式,


< br>人们相信


……”


,故填


is believed






3


)考查非谓语动词。句意:人们相信,人们已经 欣然接受了技术,只追求它





好处而


忽略了它的缺点。本空与上文


”se eking


only


the


be nefits“


构成并列非谓语结构,故填


ignoring< /p>






4


)考查形容词。句意:不管你的家是在闹市还是在偏远的农村。


downtown


为名词需要


形容词修饰, 故填


noisy






5


)考查 连词。句意:如果你有一个屏幕,它可以接收到一个信号,你的思想仍然在同


一个地方。 结合上下文语境可知为承接关系,故填


and






6

)考查定语从句。句意:当你盯着屏幕的时候,你的大脑会进入这个区域,你会觉得


大脑停止思考了。本句为定语从句修饰先行词


place


,且先 行词在从句中做地点状语,故填


where


< br>




7


)考查介词。句意:现在,你认识的每个人都在你的触手可及的范围内,把那种特定


的 心理感受带离与人交往。


within


arm's


reach


固定短语,



伸手可及的范围内



,故填


with in






8


)考查代词。句意:你每时每刻都能看到他们,几乎能听到他 们的每一个想法,就像


他们听到你的一样。此处做


hear


的宾语需要用名词性物主代词,故填


yours


大爷-directional


大爷-directional


大爷-directional


大爷-directional


大爷-directional


大爷-directional


大爷-directional


大爷-directional



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