embarrassed-门铰
文档来源为
:
从网络收集整理
< br>.word
版本可编辑
.
欢迎下
载支持
.
英语写作基础训练
第一部分、对英语句子的认识
I.
写作中常见错误句型分析
Beijing is a beautiful city, I enjoy
living here.
There are many
people agree to keep pets at home.
Although pets may pollute the
environment.
The new house
is large, beautiful and has enough rooms for
people to live in.
There is
a great difference between dining out and to have
a snack at home.
We all
against all kinds of terrorists activities.
Don’t worry. Your body will
get well soon.
The film had
begun for 5 minutes when I got to the theatre.
The western part of the
city rained heavily yesterday evening.
Our school have taken place great
changes.
II.
对英语句子的认识
意义：英语的句式与中文的不同。我们在学习英语的时候要注意到这一点。有的同学在学习中对
此没有足够的认识，常常受中文的干扰。在写作中表现出不能写出正确的句子。
< br>
什么是句子？
长的是句子，短的是词。×
无论字数
多少，只要有主语和谓语（动词）
，而且能表达完整的意义的一句话就是一个句子。√<
/p>
I
am
tired.
Pressing one’s palm together and
resting one’s head on the back of one’s hand while
closing the eyes as
if sleeping
means
“I am tired
.”
（
双手合拢，
闭上眼，
把头靠在手背上像睡觉的样子，
意思是说
“我累了
。
”
）
<
/p>
这两个句子都具备了主语和谓语。都是完整的句子。要记住：在英语中，一个句子必须且只
能有
一个谓语。
1.
省略主语的句子
Come
in, please. (You)
Open
the door.
Sit
down.
Stand
up.
What a
day! (What a terrible day it is!)
2.
一个句子不能同时有两个谓语。
典型错误：
1) The old
man likes take a walk in the village after supper.
∟
The old man likes to take a
walk in the village after supper.
2) I enjoy talk with him over a cup of
coffee.
∟
I enjoy
talking with him over a cup of coffee.
3) The boy ran to his mother cry.
∟
The boy ran to
his mother crying.
4) After
write the notice, he put it up on the wall.
∟
After writing
the notice, he put it up on the wall.
After he wrote
the notice, he put it up on the wall.
3.
不要把从句的谓语当成句子的谓语
,
或把主句的谓语当成从句的谓语。
1
文档来源为
:
从网络收集整理
.word
版本可编辑
.
欢迎下载支持
.
文档来源为
:
从网络收集整理
.word
版本可编辑
.
欢迎下载支
持
.
如果是一个复合句，主句和从句都应该分别有自己的主语
和谓语。
典型错误：
1
）
1
）
Those who eat too much will easily ill.
∟
Those who eat too much will
easily get ill.
2) When he
walking in the park, he felt a little tired.
∟
When he was walking in the
park, he felt a little tired.
3
）
When I at
school, I studied very hard.
∟
When I was at
school, I studied very hard.
III.
Practice
:
判断以下是否是句子。
1.
Birds can fly
是
2. The birds in the cage which I bought
yesterday
不是
3.
Wait for me at the station
是
4. If you know how to play with words
to make people laugh
不是
5. A way of saying “I’m sorry”
不是
6. Patting the
stomach before a meal
不是
7. The bread my mother makes is much
better than what you can buy at the store.
是
8. To make
friends in the school which was not far from my
new home
不是
9. If
you want to know what it feels like to fall
through the air, take off in a rocket, fly a
helicopter or fight
alien creatures in
outer space
不是
IV
.
常见的句子结构（写作必备的五个基本句型）
由于英语动词种类的不同，构成了不同的句子类型。和中文不
同的是，英语的动词分为及物动词
和不及物动词。表达同一个意思时，有的是及物动词，
有的就是不及物动词。如：表示“听
”
这个意
义时，
listen
是不及物动词；
hear
是及物动词。
表示
“
看
”
这个
意义时，
look
是不及物动词，
se
e, watch
和
notice
就是及物动词。表示
<
/p>
“到达”
，
arrive
是不及物动词，
reach
是及物动词。不及物动词是
不能
接宾语的。只能加上一个介词，才能接宾语。如：
list
en to, look at, arrive in
等等。
1.
主语
+
不及物动词
The airplane from Hong
Kong
arrived
at four p.m.
How did the accident
occur?
In July, the ship
set
out
for the Pacific.
Australia has
changed
a lot in the past
forty years.
They
lived
by hunting animals,
birds and fish.
2.
主语
+
系动词
+
表语
常见的系动词有：
be, seem, appear,
become, go, get, grow, turn, look, sound, feel,
taste, smell
He
became
nervous when thinking
of stealing.
It
is
impossible to find a shop
that is open after 5 p.m. in this area.
It’s much cheaper to camp
than to stay in a hotel.
I
got
caught in
the traffic.
Just then,
the traffic light
turned
red.
He
seemed
to have misunderstood you.
3.
主语
+
及物动词
+
宾语
We learn English at school.
He wondered whether Bill had managed to
escape.
2
文档来源为
:
从网络收集整理
.word
版本可编辑
.
欢迎下载支持
.
文档来源为
:
从网络收集整理
.wo
rd
版本可编辑
.
欢迎下载支持
.
I didn’t mean to
be so rude.
We
will send these goods to the flooded area.
I hope that one day I
shall be able to repay you.
4.
主语
+
及物动词
+
间接宾语
+
直接宾语
有些动词需要接两个宾语。
间接宾语一般由人担任，直接宾语一般由物担任。
give,
offer, teach, tell, read, ask, bring, pass, lend,
return, write, throw, allow, send,cost
make, buy, do, get, save, cook, sing,
find
等。
My brother
gave me a book.
Who sent
you the computer?
I won’t
tell you anything about it.
Can you sing us an English song?
Pass me the newspaper,
please.
5.
主语
+
及物动词
+
宾语
+
宾补
Unfortunately
they find it difficult to repay this money.
The growth in population
made New York the largest city in the USA.
Do you think it possible
to finish it in one day?
We are making our country more and more
beautiful.
改错练习：
1. Please speak louder so that
everybody can listen you.
2. Great
changes have been taken place in my hometown.
3. Listen! Someone knocking at the
door.
4. He told me don’t call him
before 9 o’clock.
5. Does
your parents allow you make your own decision?
6. Although it is only August, but the
weather is getting worse daily.
7.
Because the professor had fallen ill, so he was
not able to be present at the conference.
8. In Japan, a person sees the “OK”
gesture may think it means money.
9. When I past his room, I heard him
singing an English song.
【试题答案】
1.
listen
→
hear
2.
去掉
been
3.
?
knocking
→
is
knocking
4. don’t
→
not to
5.
?
make
→
to make
6.
去掉
but
7.
去掉
so
8.
?
sees
→
who sees
9. past
→
passed
或
?
past
→
walked past
第二部分、如何提升句子
I.
讨论下面习作并对比两篇范文：
请根据以下的情景说明
,
使用
5
个规范的英语句子描述全部所给的信息内容。
标题为
My English
Learning
【情景说明】
<
/p>
我学英语已经六年了，在英语学习上有了一定的进步，但总是觉得英语难学，尤其是英语中
的一
些习惯用法。自己今后一定要努力学习这门有用的外语，
争取早日掌握这门语言。
范文
1
My English Learning
①
I
have
been
learning
English
for
over
6
years.
②
I
have
made
some
progress
in
my
English.
③
But
I
always feel English is
hard to learn, especially some English idioms are
difficult.
④
I will work hard
at this
3
文档来源为
:
从网络收集整理
.word
版本可编辑
.
欢迎下载支持
.