went-bulgari
翻译
1.1
This
test
method
covers
the
determinations
of
denisty,
percent
absorption,
and percent
voids in hardened concrete.
1.2
The
text
of
this
test
method
references
notes
and
footnotes
which
provide
explanatory
information.
These
notes
and
footnotes
(excluding
those
in
tables
and
figures) shall not be
considered as requirements of this standard.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are
to be regarded as the standard.
1.
范围
1
.1
这个测试方法包括密度的确定
,
吸
水率
,
和硬化混凝土中的孔隙率。
<
/p>
1.2
这个测试方法引用了一些提供解释信息的文本注释和脚注。
这些注释和
脚注
(
包括表和数据
)
，不应当视为本标准的要求。
1.3
以国际单位值作为标准。
2. Significance and Use
2.1
This
test
method
is
useful
in
developing
the
data
required
for
conversions
between mass and
volume for concrete. It can be used to determine
conformance with
specifications for
concrete and to show differences from place to
place within a mass
of concrete.
3. Apparatus
3.1 Balance,
sensitive to 0.025 % of the mass of the specimen.
3.2
Container,
suitable
for
immersing
the
specimen
and
suitable
wire
for
suspending the specimen in water.
2.
意义和应用
2.1
这个测试方法，在开发混凝土的质量和体积之间转换所需的数据方面是
有帮助的。
它可以用来确定符合混凝土规范，
它也可以显示一个混凝土内部各处
质量的差异。
3.
仪器
3.1
样本质量精确到
0.025%
3.2
容器（适合浸泡样本和合适的水位标线）
4. Test Specimen
4.1 Whenever possible, the sample shall
consist of several individual portions of
concrete,
each
to
be
tested
separately.
The
individual
portions
may
be
pieces
of
cylinders, cores, or
beams of any desired shape or size, except that
the volume of each
portion shall be not
less than 350 cm
3
(or for
normal weight concrete, approximately
800
g)
and
each
portion
shall
be
free
from
observable
cracks,
fissures,
or
shattered
edges.
4.
样本测试
4.1
样品尽可能由混凝土的几个独立的部分组成
,
每个部分单独进行测试。
各
部分可能是任何所需
形状或大小的一块柱面
,
核心
,
或者束
,
每个部分的体积不得
少于
350cm
3
(
或正常重量的混凝土
,
大约是
800
g)
，
并且每个部分
从可观察到的裂
缝、裂缝或破碎的边缘都应当是自由。
5.
Procedure
5.1 Oven-Dry
Mass
—
Determine the mass of
the portions, and dry in an oven at a
temperature of 100 to 110 °
C
for not less than 24 h. After removing each
specimen
from the oven, allow it to
cool in dry air (preferably in a desiccator) to
atemperature
of 20 to 25 °
C
and determine the mass. If the specimen was
comparatively dry when
its
mass
was
first
determined,
and
the
second
mass
closely
agrees
with
the
first,
consider it dry. If the specimen was
wet when its mass was first determined, place it
in
the oven for a second drying
treatment of 24h and again determine the mass.
If the
third value checks
the second, consider the specimen dry. In case of
any doubt, redry
the specimen for 24h
periods until check values of mass are obtained.
If the difference
between
values
obtained
from
two
successive
values
of
mass
exceeds
0.5
%
of
the
lesser value, return the
specimens to
the oven for an
additional 24-h drying period,
and
repeat
the
procedure
until
the
difference
between
any
two
successive
values
is
less than 0.5 % of the
lowest value obtained. Designate this last value
A.
5.
步骤
5.1
烘干质量——确定其质量，再将其放置在
100
—
110°
C
的烘
箱温度下干
燥，
且不少于
24
小时。
从烘箱移出每个标本后
,
让它们在干燥的空气冷却
(
最好放
在干燥器里
)
，控制温度在
20<
/p>
到
25°
C
之间
，然后确定质量。如果样品在第一次
测定质量时比较干燥的话
,
并且第二次测定的数据非常接近第一次的数据，那么
我们认为样
品是干燥的。
如果样品在第一次测定质量时是潮湿的话，
则将它
放在
烤箱里进行第二次干燥处理，时间为
24
< br>小时，再确定质量。如果第三次测定值
核对上第二次的数值，那么我们认为样品干
燥。如有疑问，再将样本干燥
24
小
时
，
直到获得核对的数值。
如果连续测得的两个值中，
它们相差超过较小值的
0.
5%
< br>，那么把样本放回烘箱，
额外进行一次干燥处理，时间为
24h
，并且重复这个
过程，直到连续两个测定值之间的差别小
于最小值的
0.5%
时为止，然后选取最
后一个测值，定为
A
。
5.2 Saturated Mass After
Immersion
—
Immerse the
specimen, after final drying,
cooling,
and determination of mass, in water at
approximately 21°
C for not less than
48h and until two successive values of
mass of the surface-dried sample at intervals of
24h show an increase in mass of less
than 0.5% of the larger value. Surface-dry the
specimen
by
removing
surface
moisture
with
a
towel,
and
determine
the
mass.
Designate the final
surface-dry mass after immersion B.
5.2
浸泡后饱和质量——干燥、
冷却试块后确定其质量，
再将其浸泡在约
21°
C
的水中，
不少于
48
小时，
每隔
24
小时连续测得表面干燥试样两个质量数值
，
直
到数值显示质量的增加小于较大值的
0.5%
为止。用毛巾擦拭表面水分使其表面
干燥，并确定其
质量。选取浸泡后测得表面干燥试样的最终质量，定为
B
。
5.3 Saturated
Mass After Boiling
—
Place the
specimen, processed as described in
5.2, in a suitable receptacle, covered
with tap water, and boil for 5 h. Allow it to cool
by
natural
loss
of
heat
for
not
less
than
14
h
to
a
final
temperature
of
20
to
25°
C.
Remove the surface moisture with a
towel and determine the mass of the specimen.
Designate the soaked, boiled, surface-
dried mass C.
5
.3
沸腾后饱和质量——将按上述
5.2
处理后的样本试块，放置在一个合适
的容器里，用自来水将其淹盖，然后煮
5 h
。再让它通过自然热损失进行冷却，
时间不
少于
14 h
，
直到最终温度为
20
到
25°
C
之间。
然后用毛巾除去表面的水分
并确定样
品的质量。选取浸湿和煮沸后测得的表面干燥试样的质量，定为
C
。
5.4
Immersed
Apparent
Mass
—
Suspend
the
specimen,
after
immersion
and
boiling
，
by a wire
and determine the apparent mass in water.
Designate this apparent
mass D.
5.4
浸泡后表观质量——经过浸泡和煮沸后用一根线使样本悬浮，并且测得<
/p>
样本在水中的表观质量。指定此表观质量为
D
。
6.
Calculation
6.1 By using the values for
mass determined in accordance with the procedures
described in Section 5, make the
following calculations:
6.
计算
6
.1
按上述第
5
项描述的过程测得质量
数据，计算如下
:
浸泡后吸收率
= [(B
–
A)/A]
×
100
浸泡煮沸后吸收率
= [(C
–
A)A]
×
100
干燥体积密度
=[A/(C
–
D)]
?
=g
1
浸泡后体积密度
=[B/(C
–
D)]
?
浸泡煮沸后体积密度
=[C/(C
–
D)]
?
表观密度
=[A/(A
–
D)]
?
=g
2
孔隙率
=(g
2
–
g
1
)/
g
2
×
100
或者
(C
–
A)/(C
–
D)
×
100
式中：
A =
烘干质量
,
单位
g
B =
浸泡后表面干燥质量
,
单位
g
C =
浸泡煮沸后表面干燥质量
,
单位
g
D =
浸泡煮沸后的表观质量
,
单位
g
g
1
=
干
燥体积密度，
Mg/m
3
g
2
=
表观
密度，
Mg/m
3
r =
水密度
= 1
Mg/m
3
= 1
g/cm
3
.
7. Example
7.1 Assume a
sample having the following characteristics:
7.1.1 Mass of the solid part of the
specimen = 1000 g.
7.1.2
Total
volume
of
specimen
(in
cluding
solids,
―permeable‖
voids,
and
―impermeable‖ voids) = 600
cm
3
7.1.3
Absolute density of solid part of specimen = 2.0
Mg/m
3
7.1.4
V
oid space in specimen contains
initially only air (no water).
went-bulgari
went-bulgari
went-bulgari
went-bulgari
went-bulgari
went-bulgari
went-bulgari
went-bulgari
-
上一篇：[经典]红警2中地语音翻译
下一篇：五月五端午节英语祝福贺词(最新)