梨的英文专八修辞学

专八考来考去就这些东西，背就行了。

1.

A Tale of Two Cities was written by Charles Dickens.

2.

Phonology:

The

study

of

speech

sounds

in

language

or

a

language

with

reference

to

their

distribution and patterning and to tacit rules governing pronunciation.

音位学

;

< br>在语言或一门语

言中，对有关其分类和模式以及为大家所默认的发音规则的研究音 韵学

,

音系学

3.

Syntax:

The

study

of

the

rules

whereby

words

or

other

elements

of

sentence

structure

are

combined to form grammatical sentences.

句法，研究词或其它句子成分如何联 合起来形成合

乎语法的句子规则的学科

4.

Semantics: The study or science of meaning in language forms.

语义学，以语言形式表示意< /p>

思的研究或科学

5.

acronym

:

首字母组合词，首字母缩略词，比如，

NATO, UNESCO, BASIC,

它们可以连

拼，但

VOA

是

Initialism

。

6.

Metonymy: A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with

which it is closely associated, as in the use of Washington for the United States government or of

the sword for military power.

换喻或转喻，一种

,

一 个词或词组被另一个与之有紧密联系的词

或词组替换的修辞方法，如用华盛顿代替美

==

或用剑代替军事力量，对面来了三个“红领

巾”也是，以红领巾指代少先队员。

7.

Simile:

A

figure

of

speech

in

which

two

essentially

unlike

things

are

compared,

often

in

a

phrase introduced by

like or

as, as in

How like the winter hath my absence been or

So are

you to my thoughts as food to life (Shakespeare).

明喻

,

一种修辞手法，把两种基本不相像的东

西进行比较，通常在由

like

或

as

引导的短语中，如

“我的离开好象是冬天来临”或“你

对我的思想就象食物对于生命一样重要”

（莎士比亚）

8.

Metaphor: A figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is

used to designate another, thus making an implicit comparison, as in

a sea of troubles or All the

world's a stage(Shakespeare)

隐喻一种语言表达手法，通常用指某物的词或 词组来指代他物，

从而暗示它们之间的相似之处，如