vividly【精品】2013-2018年(六年)高考英语试题精编分项解析——专题07 非谓语动词(解析版)

合结构，非谓语用什么形式，首先确定

have

的词义，是“有”还是“让”

，

have

（有）

+ sth to do sth (

由

主语完成）

；

have

（让 ）

+

宾语

+ do / doing / done (

用哪种形式需要 具体分析）

，所以要正确理解句意和

本结构的具体用法，灵活掌 握才能把题作对。

【

2017

·江苏卷】

21. Many Chinese brands, _______ their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges

from the modern market.

A. having developed

B. being developed

C. developed

【答案】

A

【解析】

试题分析：考查非谓语动词 。

brands

是逻辑主语，和

dev elop

是主谓关系，所以用现在分词，表示伴随状

况；再根据

“over centuries”

可知，应该使用现在分词的完成式，故选

A

。句意：许 多中国品牌，享誉数百

年，现在正面临着来自现代市场的新挑战。

【名师点睛】

现在分词作状语，表示 主动和伴随状况；与逻辑主语是主谓关系，或叫主动关系，即现在分词表示的动作

是逻辑主语发出的。现在分词的形式有一般式

doing/bein g done

，完成式

having done/having been done

。

D. developing

当现在分 词表示的动作和主句谓语表示的动作先后发生时，使用现在分词的完成式。

e. g. Having watered the vegetables, the farmer took a short rest.

Having s

een the film twice, he didn’t want to go to the cinema with his wife.

Having done his homework , the boy began to watch TV

.

I didn’t feel surprised, having expected all this.

Not having done it right, I tried again.

现在分词作状语，可以转换为一个状语从句。

1)

表示时间时，

相当于

after, before, when , while

等引导的状语从句，

现在分词动作发生在主句动作之前或

与主句动作同时发生。

Stepping carelessly off the pavement, he was knocked down by the bus.

（发生在主句动作之前）

Arriving at the station , he found the train had gone.

（之前）

He went out , shutting the door behind him.

（之后）

Walking through the park, she saw a flower show .

（同时）

Talking a key out of his pocket , he open the door .

（一个简短动作一发生，另一个动作紧跟着发生）之前。

Hearing the news , they all jumped with joy.

Be careful when crossing the street.

While waiting for the train, I had a long talk with Jane.

Her husband died in 1999, leaving her with two children .

Lying under the apple tree, Newton was thinking and thinking .

Thinking she must be late, Miss Smith decided to take a taxi.

There are a number of students waiting to be examined.

He refused the offer , saying that this would be too expensive.

The man feel and slipped, getting off the bus.

某一动作进行时，发生了另一个短暂动作或结果。

2)

原因（句首）

Being short of money, I applied for the job.

Not seeing John, I can’t tell you what he looks like.

3)

方式，伴随

Singing a pop song in a low voice, he came into the yard.

He stood by the window, watching the children playing.