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人教版高中英语选修六
知识点梳理
重点题型(
常考知识点
)巩固练习
Unit
3
A
healthy
life
语言点
学习目标
重点词汇
abuse,
stress,
ban,
quit,
effect,
strengthen,
desperate,
disappointed,
ashamed,
risk
重点短语
due
to,
be
addicted
to,
be
accustomed
to,
decide
on,
in
spite
of
,
get
into,
tak
e
off
,
feel
like
重点句型
As
you
know...
do
构成的强调
知识讲解
重点词汇
abuse
【原句回放】
Drug
ab
u
se
滥用药物
【点拨】
< br>abu
se
n.
&
vt.
滥用,
虐待,辱骂
He
was
arrested
on
the
charge
of
abuse
of
power
.
他因滥用权力罪而被捕。
Child
abu
se
is
widespread
in
this
country
.
这个国家虐待儿童的情况很普遍。
I
’
ll
lend
you
my
camera
but
don
’
t
abuse
it.
我会把照相机借给你,但你得爱惜使用。
【拓展】前缀
ab-
,常表示“偏离,远离,不”或用于加强语气。
abu
se
=
ab
(偏
离)
+
use
(使用)
abnormal
不正常的
=
ab
(不)
+
normal
(正常的)
abortion
流产
=ab
(不)
+bor
(
born
的变体,出生)
+tion
(名词后缀)
abo
ar
d
上船
=ab
(加强语气
to
)
+board
(板子、甲板)
stress
【原句回放】
Stress
压力
【点拨】
stress
n.
(精神)压力,紧张,重音
vt.
着重,强调,重读
常用搭配:
under
the
stress
of
...
为
......
所迫,在
......
压力下
lay/
place/
put
stress
on...
把重点放在
......
上
Stress
is
o
ften
a
factor
in
the
development
of
long-
term
sickness.
压力经常是疾病长期不愈的因素。
This
school
lays
stress
on
foreign
language
education.
这所中学重视外语教育。
I
can
’
t
stress
enough
the
need
for
cooperation.
我怎么强调合作也不过分。
【拓展
1
】
stressed
adj.
(多作表语)紧张的,感到有压力的
stressful
adj.
产生压力的,紧张的
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He
was
feeling
very
stressed
and
tired.
他感到紧张而且疲倦。
It
was
a
stressful
time
for
all
of
us.
对我们所有人来说,那都是个很有压力的时期。
【拓展
2
】
stress
与
pressure
1.
stress
多指由于生活中的问题
而引起的心理、生理或情绪上的紧张与不安。
2.
pressure
指单位面积上所受
到的压力,引申义指某事所产生的压力或影响力。
pressure
可以是引起
stress
的事情。
She
was
unable
to
att
e
nd
the
wedding
because
of
the
pressures
of
work.
她因为工作太忙而不能来参加你的婚礼。
Many
people
find
it
har
d
to
bear
the
stress
of
modern
life.
许多人感觉很难承受现代生活的压力。
ban
【原句回放】
Do
you
think
smoking
should
be
b
an
ne
d?
你认为应该禁止吸烟吗?
【点拨】
ban
vt.
(尤指法律上)禁止,取缔;
n.
禁令,禁止
(
ban
ned,
ban
ned;
ban
ning
)
常用结构:
ban
sb.
/
sth.
from
doing
sth.
禁止某人
< br>/
物做某事
a
ban
on/
against
sth.
有关
......
的禁令
Smoking
is
banned
in
school.
在学校禁止吸烟。
He
was
banned
from
driving
for
three
months
because
of
driving
under
the
influence.
他因酒后驾驶被禁止开车三个月。
There
is
a
ban
on
smoking
in
the
museum.
博物馆禁止吸烟。
The
police
lifted
th
e
ban
against
parking
in
this
street.
警察撤销了不准在这条街上停车的禁令。
【拓展】
forbid
和
ban
1.
forbid
是普通用语,表示“禁止某人做某事”,一般用
forbid
sb.
to
do
sth.
;
2.
ban
语气很强,指由于法律或社会压力而禁止,有谴责或不赞成的意味。多以物
作禁止的对象。
Fishing
in
this
lake
is
b
anned.
此湖禁止捕鱼。
His
p
arents
forbid
him
to
go
swimming
in
the
river
.
他父母不准他去河里游泳。
quit
【原句回放】
When
I
was
tak
en
off
the
school
football
team
because
I
was
unfit,
I
knew
it
was
time
to
quit
smoking.
而当我因不健康而被校足球队除名后,我才知道我该戒烟了。
【点拨】
quit
vt.
停止;辞职
(
quitted,
quitt
ed
或
quit
,
quit
;
quitting
)
注意:
quit
后接动词时要用动名词作宾语。
He
has
not
quit
smoking,
but
is
holding
down
to
three
cigarettes
a
day
.
他还没有戒烟,但是限制在一天三支烟了。
He
has
decided
to
quit
his
highly-
paid
but
demanding
position
in
his
company
recently
.
最近他已经决定放弃公司里那个高薪但费力的职位了。
【拓展】含
quit
的短语:
quit
school
退学
quit
it
out
住嘴
quit
hold
of
撒手,放开
quit
oneself
of
fear
消除恐惧
effect
【原句回放】
When
I
was
young,
I
didn
’
t
know
much
about
the
harmful
effects
of
smoking.
我年
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轻时,关于吸烟的危害性我知道的并不多。
【点拨】
effect
n.
结果,作用,效力,影响
常用短语:
have
an
effect
on
对
..
....
有影响
tak
e
effect
开始实行,开始生效
come
into
effect
生效
bring/
carry
sth.
into
effect
使
......
生效
in
effect
正在实行,实际上
without
effect
没有效果
be
of
no
effect
无效果的
Her
criticisms
had
a
great
effect
on
him,
discouraging
him
completely
.
她的批评对他影响很大,让他完全泄气了。
His
wife
had,
in
effect,
run
the
shop
for
the
p
ast
six
months.
实际上,过去六个月里是他的妻子经营着商店。
The
new
law
takes
effect
from
January
1.
新法律从
1
月
1
日开始实行。
【拓展
1
】
effective
adj.
有效的
,
有影响的
effectively
adv
.
有效地
The
medicine
is
an
effective
cure
for
a
headache.
这种药是治疗头疼的有效疗法。
【拓展
2
】
affect
是
及
物
动
词
,
表
示
“
影<
/p>
响
,
(
病
)
侵
袭
”
。
Y
our
opinion
will
not
affect
my
decision.
你的想法不会影响我的决定。
The
south
of
the
country
was
worst
affected
by
the
drought.
这个国家南部受到了干旱最惨重的影响。
strengthen
【原句回放】
I
t
might
help
you
to
st
op
and
strengthen
your
resolve.
它也许对你戒烟和加强你的
决心会有所帮助。
【点拨】
strengthen
v.
加强,变坚固
Her
position
in
the
comp
any
has
str
engthened
in
recent
weeks.
她在公司的地位近几周已经得到了巩固。
The
wind
str
eng
the
ned
during
the
night.
夜里风力加强了。
Their
attitude
only
str
eng
thened
his
resolve
to
fight
on.
他们的态度只是使他继续战斗的决心更强。
< br>【拓展】词缀
-en/en-
:
en
是前缀,也是后缀,有“使
..
....
”之义,形容词或名词加上
en
,就
变成了动词,如:
weak
→
weak
en
(
减弱
)
<
/p>
wide
→
widen
< br>(加宽)
fast
(紧紧的)
→
fasten
系紧
sure
→
ensure
(确保)
large
→
enlarge
< br>(扩大)
r
ich
→
enrich
(使丰富)
courage
→
encoura
ge
(鼓励)
joy
→
enjoy
(喜欢)
r
p>
oot
→
enr
o
ot
(使扎根)
desperate
【原句回放】
If
you
feel
desperate,
you
might
like
to
talk
to
a
doctor
or
chemist
about
something
to
help
you,
like
nicotine
chewing
gum.
如果你感到绝望,你还可以找一个医生或药剂师来谈
谈,帮你想点办法,如含尼古丁的口香糖。
【点拨】
desperate
adj.
绝望的;不顾一切的;极度渴望的;拼命的
常用搭配:
be
desperate
for
sth./
to
do
sth.
极其渴望
......
A
desperate
man
will
st
op
at
nothing
to
get
what
he
wants.
一个亡命徒为了达到自己的目的什么事都做得出来。
He
was
so
desperat
e
for
a
job
to
provide
food
for
his
children.
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他非常渴望工作使他可以养活孩子。
I
was
absolutely
desperate
to
see
her
.
我确实太想见她了。
disappointed
【原句回放】
Do
not
be
disappointed
if
you
have
to
try
several
times
before
you
finally
stop
smoking.
如果你非得经过多次才能把烟戒掉,你也不要失望。
【点拨】
disappointed
adj.
失望的,沮丧的(表示人的内心感受)
常用结构:
be
disappointed
in/
with/
sb.
at/
by
/about
sth.
对
......
感
到失望
to
do
sth.
that
从句
The
director
was
disappointed
at
the
results.
导演对结果很失望。
The
moth
e
r
was
disappointed
to
learn
her
son
had
failed
the
course.
那位母亲听说儿子这门课没有及格,感到很失望。
Are
you
very
disappointed
at
/
about
losing
the
race?
你跑输了是不是很失望呀?
W
e
noticed
a
disappointed
look
on
his
face.
我们注意到他脸上有一种
失望的表情。
(
感到失望的是“他”,不是别人
)
对比:
W
e
noticed
a
disappointing
look
on
his
face.
我们注意到他脸上一种令
人失望的表情。
(
他并不失望,但他的表情让别人失望
)
【拓展】
disappoint
v.
使扫兴,使失望;
disappointing
adj.
令人失望的
disappointment
n.
失望
to
one
’
s
disappointment
使某人失望的是
ashamed
【原句回放】
If
you
weak
en
and
have
a
cigarette,
do
not
feel
ashamed.
如果你因意志衰弱而又
吸烟了,也不要感到羞愧。
【点拨】
ashamed
adj.
表示“感到羞耻或惭愧的
,
害臊的”,常用作表语或后置定语。
常用结构:
be
ashamed
of
sb./sth.
为某人
/
事而感到羞耻
be
ashamed
to
do
sth.
耻于做某事
Y
ou
should
be
ashamed
of
treating
your
daughte
r
like
that.
你那样对待你的女儿,真该感到羞愧。
Y
ou
should
be
ashamed
of
yourself
for
telling
such
lies.
说了这样的谎话,你该为自己感到惭愧。
He
was
ashamed
to
tell
his
family
what
had
happened.
他惭愧地告诉家人发生的事。
【拓展】
shame
n.
羞愧,羞耻;可惜,遗憾
vt.
使愧疚,使蒙羞
It
’
s
a
shame.
I
should
be
at
work
instead
of
lying
here
in
bed.
真丢人
,
我应当在工作岗位上
,
而不是在
这儿躺在床上。
Mum
thought
my
divorce
shamed
the
family.
妈妈认为我离婚让家里人蒙羞。
risk
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