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Information Matching:

Directions:

You

are

going

to

read

a

passage

with

10

statements

attached

to

it.

Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the

paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph

more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.

Passage

1

Hard times

A

Money

worries

are

part

and

parcel

of

university

life,

but

recent

events

in

the

world of finance, not to mention rising food prices, are making it tougher for students-

from

living

costs

as

undergraduates

to

employment

prospects

once

they

have

graduated. But are they bothered?

B

Raymond Sawyer, a graphic design undergraduate at New College Durham, says

he is concerned by the naivety of some of his fellow students when dealing with their

finances. “I’m surprised by the lack of maturity some of them have when it comes to

money,”

he

says.

“We

had

been

at

college

for

just

over

a

week

when

some

of

my

fellow students got their grants through-and their first thought was spending money

on

clothes

and

planning

nights

out,

which

I

couldn’t

believer.

Many

students

seem

unaware of the state of the economy right now.” Sawyer says the prevailing economic

conditions have influenced his choice of where to study. He lives at home, just a few

miles

from

his

college,

which

means

he

is

able

to

run

a

Web

design

business

that

helps ease his money worries. “Rent and mortgages are costly these days and I guess

that’s what swayed me toward studying locally,” he says. “I only have to spend th

ree

days a week at college and I can travel easily by car, devoting the rest of my time to

developing my business.”

C

Sawyer

counts

himself

fortunate

that

he

is

self-employed.

A

recent

survey

commissioned

by

recruitment

agency

Reed

reckons

that

over

half

of

graduates

are

“concerned” with finding a job in the current climate. Job security is also becoming a

major concern; one in four graduates say they would be willing to sacrifice up to five

percent

of

their

income

in

exchange

for

job

security

for

three

years.

A

significant

number

of

graduates

are

moving

toward

creative

marketing

and

media

sectors,

shunning City jobs,

and

watching banks

and other financial

services firms

fall over

has

been

particularly

disheartening

for

students

who

had

planned

to

work

in

the

Square

Mile(

伦敦金融城

).

Reports

suggest

that

many

are

now

also

considering

teaching as an option.

D “With many recent graduates still looking for jobs in a difficult economic climate,

undergraduates

need

to

remember

there

is

a

serious

side

to

university,”

cautions

Reed’s

marketing

head,

Mark

Rhodes.

“It’s

important

that

incoming

university

students

have

an

eye

on

their

future.”

Rhodes

warns

students

not

to

leave

their

job-

hunting too late. “If you are trying to get on to a graduate program for the year

you graduate, you

may have to start preparing at the start of your third year to avoid

,.

missing

the

deadlines,”

he

says.

Rhodes

also

advises

speaking

with

a

university

careers adviser at the earliest opportunity to get the latest news on jobs available.

E

Nick

Wasson-Jones,

who

has

recently

graduated

in

engineering

from

the

University

of

Sheffield,

says

the

next

few

months

will

be

tough.

“My

advice

to

students is to get some relevant work experience,” he says. “I haven’t been able to get

past the CV stage an

d I think that’s because I can’t demonstrate that I have worked in

the

field

I

am

looking

to

enter.

It

I

could

go

back

to

my

university

days,

I

would

definitely do some work experience in my first or second year before I got stuck into

my dissertation and

exams in my final year.”

F

Third-year

student

Danielle

Maughan

has

worked

a

part-time

job

since

she

started her criminology and psychology course at Liverpool John Moores University,

but she says she’s finding it tougher to make ends meet. “I’ve worked

in a local pub

since starting university,: she says, “but things are getting harder now. my student loan

just covers my rent for the year , so having a job is essential.” Yet Maughan admits to

being

poor

at

managing

her

finances.

“I’m

not

great

with

money

to

start

with,

so

things can get a little tough.”

G Unfortunately many students are responding to the financial crisis by burying their

head in the sand, allowing money problems to snowball as graduation draws nearer. A

survey conducted by the National Union of Students concludes that many students are

unaware

of

even

the

basic

costs

of

living,

and

don’t

have

the

information

and

guidance

they

need

to

manage

their

own

finances.

The

survey

suggests

that

the

average cost of university life is nearly $$450 a year higher than students expect.

H

In

addition,

some

students

are

overly

optimistic

about

being

able

to

receive

financial support in the form of bursaries(

奖学金

). The survey show that 42 percent

believe

they

will

be

eligible,

whereas

only

28

percent

receive

one.

The

issue

of

bursaries is further complicated by confusion over what students are actually entitled

to

–

leading to thousands of eligible students failing to claim last year, says the Office

for Fair Access.

I “It’s clear that students have no idea

of the costs of living when going to university,”

says Lucy Payne, HSBC’s youth and student manager, “but let’s face it, how many of

us

did?”

HSBC

has

developed

a

website

to

offer

advice

in

addition

to

the

student

advisers in its branches.

J “ We are getting a steady stream of enquiries, especially from mature students,” says

Jemma Samuels, manager of student charity Uniaid. “Our aim is to help students plan

for the costs of living before they get to university. There is plenty of support around,

but

stud

ents

don’t

always

know

where

to

get

it.

Most

tend

to

rely

on

friends

and

parents

for

advice,

which

may

be

inaccurate

or

simply

out

of

date.

The

problem

is

particularly bad for international students, who can run into hardship very quickly.”

,.

Uniaid runs training events for students

and has a series of online tools that can be

used

to

calculate

costs

and

keep

undergraduates

abreast

of

what

support

they

can

access.

______1. University students

’ life is hard due to the increase of living costs and their

uncertain employment prospects.

______tics show that 42 percent of the students believe they are qualified to

get bursaries but some fail to receive one at last.

______3. Twenty-five percent of graduates are willing to sacrifice up to five percent

of their income for three-year employment stability.

______4. Undergraduates can calculate their living costs and know what support they

can get through training events and some online tools.

______5.

An

undergraduate

with

the

plan

for

graduate

study

should

start

the

preparation work as early as the beginning of his third year.

______6. It is helpful to get some relevant work experience n the first or second year

at university to get a job in the field one wants to enter.

______7. With banks and financial services firms collapsing one after another, many

students

who

planned

to

work

in

the

field

of

finance

fell

disheartened

and

turn

to

other jobs like teaching.

______8.

Many

students

neglect

the

financial

crisis,

and

thus

face

more

and

more

serious money problems with graduation coming nearer and nearer.

______9. Some students are unaware of the present economic state and immediately

think of spending the money on clothes and entertainment once they get their grants.

______10. Friends and parents may offer unreliable or outdated advice on financial

issues.

Passage 2

Degrees Are Great, but Internships Make a Difference

A Traditionally, earning a college degree has been cause for celebration. For most, the

achievement signaled the onset of adulthood and offered the promise of a career that

would start in mere months, if not weeks. But in today's job market, undergraduates

who leave school armed only with a degree may not be so fortunate.

B

In 2000, more than 1.2 million people received bachelor's degrees in the United

States. This year, that number is expected to rise 30 percent to more than 1.6 million,

according to estimates by the National Center for Education Statistics. That hike has

far

outpaced

the

country's

increase

in

population

over

the

past

decade,

tripling

the

Census Bureau's projected rate of population growth over the same period.

increased

number

of

students,

if

I'm

an

employer

or

a

medical

school

or

business

school, finding a student who has a good GPA isn't particularly tough anymore,

Dan

Gomez- Palacio,

assistant

director

of

career

services

at Westminster

College in

Missouri.

C

The

answer:

internships.

University

officials

and

employers

almost

universally

maintain that partaking in an internship

—

or several, which sets a student apart from

,.

his

or

her

peers

even

more

—

before

graduation

is

integral

to

finding

meaningful

employment in today's seemingly impenetrable job market. More than ever, schools

across the country are pushing students of all majors toward internships, and several

have even added them to their graduation requirements.

students an edge that they would not have otherwise,

of Longwood University in Virginia, which requires an internship of all graduates.

always

amazes

me

that

higher

education

didn't

think

of

this

sooner.

For

me

it's

a

no- brainer. If you're going to position your students well, you've got to give them this

exposure before they graduate.

D

Longwood,

with

an

enrollment

of

roughly

4,800,

saw

74

percent

of

their

2008

graduating

class

attain

jobs

within

six

months

of

graduation,

despite

the

fact

that

students

were

thrust

into

one

of

the

worst

job

markets

on

record.

Two

years

ago,

officials at Eastern Connecticut State University decided to institute a pre-professional

experience requirement for students. Rhona Free, vice president of academic affairs at

Eastern Connecticut, says the school wants not only to educate students but to prepare

them

for

their

working

lives

after

school

through

experience-based

learning.

worry,

'If

I'm

an

English

major,

can

I

get

a

job?'

she

says.

want

them to know that before they leave here, they will have been in a setting that's like

one they'll go to work in.

E

While

smaller

schools

are

able

to

ensure

that

their

students

can

meet

the

internship

requirement

by

forming

partnerships

with

local

companies

and

working

one- on-one

with

students

to

facilitate

their

hunt

for

an

internship,

the

task

is

more

daunting for larger schools. Finding an employer base near a large university that can

support the influx of thousands of interns is a daunting, if not impossible, task. For

that reason, many large schools have shied away from requiring internships but still

take pains to impart the importance of work experience to their students. Plus, some

programs within larger institutions do require internships.

It's a common practice in

fields where prior work experience is integral to the hiring process, like business and

journalism/communications.

F

The College of Liberal Arts and Sciences at Villanova University in Pennsylvania

does

not

require

internships,

but

students

are

E-mailed

a

weekly

list

of

internship

openings and are constantly reminded of their importance. The college's website even

proclaims:

efforts

have

paid

off.

The

school

has

seen

a

30

percent

jump

in

enrollment

in

internships in the past three years alone. Such efforts are lauded

（称赞）

by large

employers that hire a bulk of their interns. Accounting giant PricewaterhouseCoopers,

for instance, draws more than 70 percent of its new hires from its internship program.

that

focus

in

on

accommodating

internships

as

part

of

their

course

curriculum position their students very well for future employment,

national recruiting leader at PricewaterhouseCoopers.