breaches医学英语词根词缀大全

医学英语词根词缀

Suffix

Meaning

-ac

pertaining to

属于，关于

-al

pertaining to

-ar

pertaining to

-ary

pertaining to

belonging to

-ase

enzyme

酶

-cle

smallness

小

,

,

贫乏

,

小气

-e

an instrument

仪器

-eal

pertaining to

-ia

condition; quality

-ic

pertaining to

-ics

study of; name of a science

Example

cardiac: pertaining to the heart

心脏（病）的

medical: pertaining to medicine

molecular: pertaining to a molecule

分子的

ciliary: pertaining to the cilia

睫毛的

,

纤毛的

,

毛状的

amylase:

any

enzyme

that

converts

starch to sugar

淀粉酶

follicle: a small bodily cavity or sac

小囊

,(

头发的

)

毛囊

< br>

auriscope: an instrument for examining

the ear (

检查耳朵用的

)

耳镜

laryngeal: pertaining to the larynx

喉的

,

喉音的

phobia: abnormal fear

恐惧，害怕

toxic: pertaining to toxin

有毒的；因中毒引起的

paediatrics:

study

of

children,

their

development and diseases

儿科学

-ine/in

substance

物质

insulin

：

substance

(hormone)

produced

by

the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas

胰岛素

-ism

process or condition

alcoholism: excessive drinking of alcohol

which becomes addictive

酒精中毒

pharmacologist:

a

doctor

who

specializes in the study of drugs

药理专

家

-ist

one who specializes in

精通于

……

的人

-itis

inflammation refers to a part in

rhinitis:

inflammation

of

the

nasal

passages

……

部位的炎症

鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎

relation to a whole; related to

endometrium: inner lining of the uter

子

宫内膜

与

……

相关

characterizes by

antitussive:

a

drug

that

suppresses

coughing

止咳药

-(i)um

-ive

-let

-ment

tiny; small

droplet: a tiny drop

小滴

the

result

or

product

of

an

development: thing which develops or is

action

being

developed;

action

of

becoming

mature

resembling; like

像

mucoid: resembling mucus

粘液样的

centriole:

the

small

dense

structure

in

the middle of the centrosome

细胞中心粒；中心体

-oid

-ole

little; small

-oma

tumor;

swelling

refers

to

a

dermatofibroma:

fibrous

tumor

of

the

doer

skin

皮肤纤维瘤

-or/-er

either a person or thing

receptor:

a

sensory

nerve

ending

that

responds to various stimuli

感受器，受体

-ory

characterized by; pertaining to

s

uspensory: which is hanging down

悬吊式，悬带

-ose

sugar

fructose: fruits sugar found in honey and

some fruit

果糖

onychocryptosis:

abnormal

condition

of

a hidden nail

嵌甲

poisonous:

pertaining

to

poison;

also

containing poison

有毒的，分泌毒素的

ribosome: the body of nucleic acid

核糖

体

magnesium:

a

white

metallic

chemical

substance

镁（金属元素）

-osis

abnormal condition

-ous

pertaining to

-somes

bodies

-um

structure; thing; substance

结构，物质

-y

condition; act; process

dystrophy: disorder caused by defective

nutrition or metabolism

营养不良

The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixes

Suffix

-algia

--ase

-blast

Meaning

pain; painful; condition

enzyme

Example

arthralgia: pain in a joint

关节痛

protease: digestive enzyme

蛋白酶

embryo

胚，胚胎，人类胚胎

hemocytoblast:

blast

cell

血胚细胞，原

始血细胞

-carcinoma

m

alignant

tumor

developing

adenocarcinoma:

malignant

tumor

from

connective

tissue

相关

developing from glandular tissue

腺癌

组织的恶性肿瘤

-cele

protrusion; distention

突出；

esophagocele:

abnormal

distention

of

膨胀，延伸

the esophagus

食管突出

-centesis

surgical puncture

手术穿孔

paracentesis:

surgical

puncture

of

a

-capnia

-cide

-clast

-dynia

-ectasia/

-ectasis

-ectomy

-edema

-emia

-emesis

-gen

-genesis

cavity for the aspiration of fluid

穿刺术

carbon dioxide

二氧化碳

acapnia: absence of carbon dioxide

血液

二氧化碳缺乏

kill

germicide:

(substance)

which

can

kill

germs

杀菌剂

cell

phagocyte:cell, especially a white blood

cell,

which

can

surround

and

destroy

other cells

噬菌细胞

pain

glossodynia: pain in the tongue

舌痛

expansion; dilation(

膨胀，扩

atelectasis: incomplete expansion of the

张

)

lungs at birth

肺不张

surgical

excision

or

removal

gastrectomy:

surgical

removal

of

the

of

stomach

胃切除术

excessive

accumulation

of

myxoedema: condition caused when the

serous fluid

水肿

thyroid gland does not produce enough

thyroid hormone

粘液腺瘤病，粘液水肿

blood condition

leukemia:

any

of

several

malignant

diseases where an abnormal number of

leucocytes form in the blood

白血病

vomiting

呕吐

hematemesis: the vomiting of blood

咯

血；吐血

something

that

produced

or

pathogen:

a

microorganism

or

agent

prouduces

capable of producing disease

病菌，

病原

体

production

生产

spermatogenesis:

formation

and

development

of

spermatozoa

in

the

testes

精子发生

-globin

protein

蛋白质

hemoglobin:

an

iron-containing

protein

produced by erythrocytes

血红素

diagnosis: the process of identifying the

nature or presence of a disease through

knowledge and examination

electrocardiogram:

a

graphic

record

of

the electrical activity of heart muscle or

heartbeat used in the diagnosis of heart

disease.

Abbr

. ECG and EKG. Syn. cardiogram

心电图

-gnosis

knowledge

-gram

image; picture

-graph(y)

process of recording

记录过程

-iasis

condition; state

情况，状况

-iatry/

-iatrics

-lith

electocardiography:

the

process

of

making or recording electrocardiograms.

Syn. cardiography

心电图记录

cholelithiasis: the formation of gallstones

胆石症

healing,

frequently

refers

to

podiatry: treatment of foot disorders

a branch of medicine

康复，

足部医疗

常指医学的一个分支

stone

cholelith: a gallstone; a stone formed in

the gallbladder

胆结石

cytology: the science study of cells

细胞

学

-logy

the study of

-logist

one who studies and treats

urologist: a physician who specializes in

the practice of urology

泌尿科医生

breakdown, destruction

hemolysis: the destruction or breakdown

of

red

blood

cells

with

release

of

hemoglobin

溶血

osteomalacia: softening of bone

骨软化

compulsion

or

k

leptomania:

a

morbid,

uncontrollable

-lysis

-malacia

softening

-mania

extreme

-megaly

-metry/

-meter

-odynia

-one

-opia

-opsy

-osis

-osmia

-ostomy

-oxia

-pathy

-penia

preoccupation

强迫症

compulsion to steal

盗窃癖

giant

acromegaly: a condition in which there is

an

enlargement

of

the

facial

bones

as

well as those of the lungs

肢端肥大症

measurement

spirometry: measurement of the volume

of

air

inhaled

and

exhaled

or

the

air

capacity of the lungs

肺

(

活

)

(

法

),

呼吸量测定

(

法

)

pain

cardiodynia: pain in the heart region

心

痛，胸痛

hormone

荷尔蒙，激素

parathormone:

which

regulates

calcium

balance

among

the

blood,

bones,

and

teeth

甲状旁腺激素

a defect in the eye

眼睛的毛

myopia: being short- sighted

近视

病

to view

biopsy:

excision

of

live

tissue

for

microscopic diagnosis

活检

morbid condition

病态的

sclerosis: abnormal hardening

硬化症

smell

anosmia: loss of the sense of smell

嗅觉

丧失

process

of

making

an

gastrostomy: surgical construction of an

opening into or a connection

opening

from

the

surface

of

the

between

abdomen into the stomach

胃造口术

造瘘

level of oxygen

氧水平

hypoxia: a low oxygen level or a lack of

oxygen in body tissues

组织缺氧

disease; diseased condition

ophthalmopathy: any eye disease

眼病

deficiency

leukopenia:

deficiency

of

leukocytes

in

the blood. Syn. leukocytopenia

白细胞减

少症

-pepsia

--pexy

digestion

eupepsia: good digestion

消化良好

a

fixing

or

setting

firmly

in

hepatopexy:

surgical

fixation

of

a

place by suturing

缝合固定

displace liver

肝固定术

d

ysphagia:

difficulty

in

swa llowing

吞咽

-phagia/ph

eating; swallowing

吃，吞咽

agy

-phil

-phobia

-plasia

-phonia

-plasm

-plasty

--plegia

-pnea

--ptosis

-ptysis

-poiesis

-rrhage/

困难

attraction