航速-忘记英文
Unit 1
New words
tedious
a.
boring and continuing for
too long
冗长乏味的
Telling the story has become tedious,
as I have done it so many times.
讲述这个故事
已变
得单调乏味，因为我已经讲了这么多次了。
oblige
vt.
(usu.
passive) make sb. feel that it is necessary to do
sth.
迫使；使负有义务
He
felt obliged to help his mother, even if it meant
leaving college.
他觉得有责任帮助母亲，
即使这意味着他要离开大学。
absorbed
a.
so interested or involved
in sth. that you do not notice anything else
极感兴趣的；全神贯
注的；专注的
Time passes quickly when you are
absorbed in reading a good book.
在聚精会神地
读一
本好书的时候，时间过得非常快。
allergic
a.
1 (be ~ to sth.) (infml.)
if you are allergic to sth., you do not like it
and try to avoid it
不喜欢
某事；对某事反感
Most men are allergic to housework.
大多数男人都不喜欢做家务。
2
having an allergy
过敏的
I do not enjoy picnics because I am
allergic to grass.
我不喜欢野餐，因为我对草过敏。
excursion
n.
[C] a short
journey you take for pleasure
短途出行；远足
It was
such a wonderful day that they decided to take a
day excursion to the mountain.
这
么好的天气，他们决定去山上一日游。
Included in the Beijing tour is an
excursion to the Great Wall.
北京之行包括了游览长城。
earnest
a.
very serious
and sincere
非常认真的；郑重其事的
At the office he was very earnest, but
he’s more relaxed now.
在办公室他很认真，但是现
在他放松多了。
Frank is an
earnest man; he works hard and is also very
reliable.
弗兰克是一个认真的人，
他工作努力，也
很可靠。
exclaim
v.
say sth.
suddenly and loudly because of surprise, anger, or
excitement
（由于惊奇、气愤
或激动）呼喊，惊叫
Susan exclaimed horror when a young man
with a gun suddenly appeared from behind
her.
当一名年轻男子突然持枪从苏珊背后出现时，她害怕
得惊叫起来。
whoa
interj.
said to show that
you are surprised or that you think sth. is
impressive
哎呀，哇（表示惊
讶或认为某事物令人
赞叹）
civilization
n.
[C, U] a
society that is well organized and developed, used
esp. about a particular society
in a
particular place or at a particular time
文明（社会）
architecture
n.
[U]
1 the style and design
of a building or buildings
建筑风格；建筑式样
2 the
art and practice of planning and designing
buildings
建筑学
capture
vt.
1 succeed in recording,
showing, or describing a situation or feeling,
using words or
pictures
（用文字或图片）记录下，描述，捕捉
Some artists are able to catch a
likeness in a sketch while others are gifted to
capture a
fleeting expression.
< br>有些艺术家能画出酷似某人的肖像，而另一些则善于捕捉到稍纵即逝
的表情。
The robbery was captured on a
police video camera.
抢劫过程被警方的摄像机拍录了下
来。
2 catch a person and keep them as a
prisoner
俘虏；逮捕
Government troops have succeeded in
capturing the rebel leader.
政府军已经成功捕获叛
乱分子的头目。
condense
vt.
make sth. that is spoken or
written shorter
将（讲话或文章）压缩
The whole chapter could be condensed
into a few paragraphs.
这一整章可以压缩成几个
段落。
condensed
a.
being made shorter, usu.
including only the most important parts
压缩的
The council
was merely given a condensed version of what had
already been disclosed in
Washington.
该理事会得到的只是已在华盛顿披露的内容的浓缩版。
exceed
vt.
(fml.) be
more than a particular number or amount
超过；超出
You’ll have
to pay extra money if you exceed your luggage
allowance.
如果你的行李超重，
你必须额外付费。
distress
n.
[U] a feeling of extreme
unhappiness
忧虑；苦恼；悲伤
She had five years of active and happy
life in the hospital before she died, without much
pain or distress from cancer.
她过世前在医院过了五年积极而快乐的生活，并没有因为患
癌症而遭受多大的痛苦或
忧伤。
distinguish
v.
recognize the
differences between things
区分；辨别
A formal
education with emphasis on history, literature,
and culture helps a person learn
how to
distinguish right from wrong.
着重于历史、文学和
文化的正规教育能帮助一个人学
习如何明辨是非。
distinctive
a.
easy to recognize because
of being different from other people or things of
the same type
与众不同的；特殊的；特别的
The distinctive design of a product
provides a powerful competitive advantage over
other
products.
一个独特的产品设计具有比其他产品更强有力的竞争优势。
complimentary
a.
1 given free to people
免费赠送的
All guests
will receive a complimentary bottle of champagne.
所有客人都将得到一瓶免费
的香槟。
2 saying that you admire sb. or sth.
赞美的；钦佩的
Mrs.
Stevens was most complimentary about your work.
史蒂文斯夫人盛赞你的工作。
complementary
a.
complementary things go
well together although they are usu. different
互为补充的；互补
的
The economies of the two countries are
complementary to one another in nature.
两国经
济具有互补性。
bulk
n.
[U] (the ~ of
sth.) the majority or largest part of sth.
（某物的）大部分，多半
Because the bulk of the work was
supervised by the owner, the overall cost is
difficult to
assess.
因为大部分的工作是由业主监督，总体成本很难去评估。
Buying in bulk is more economical than
shopping for small quantities.
大批量采购比小批
量更经济。
criticism
n.
[C, U] remarks that say
what you think is bad about sb. or sth.
批评；批判；指责
deficit
n. [C]
1 a lack of a quality,
skill, or ability that you should have
（素质、技能或能力的）缺乏，
不足
knowledge/language/sleep deficit
知识
/
语言
/
睡眠的缺乏
2 the amount by
which sth. is less than you need or should have
赤字；亏损；逆差
Owing to
the heavy deficit, the company is apparently on
the verge of bankruptcy.
由于巨
额亏损，该公司很明显已到了破产的边缘。
Tax was
low and state spending was high, which resulted in
a budget deficit.
低税收和州
政府的高支
出导致了预算赤字。
dumb
a.
(infml.)
stupid
愚蠢的
The
questions were set up just to make her look dumb.
问题这么设计就是为了让她出丑。
grocery
n.
1 [C] (also ~ store) (AmE
supermarket) a store selling food and other goods
超级市场
2 (~ies)
[pl.] food and other goods
食品杂货
stationary
a.
standing still instead of
moving
不（移）动的；静止的
Stationary cars in traffic jams caused
a great deal of pollution.
交通堵塞中静止不动的汽车
产生了大量污染。
stationery
n.
[U] materials used for
writing, such as paper, pens, pencils, etc.
文具
We regret that
we are unable to accept telephone orders for
personal stationery items.
很
遗憾，我们不能接受个人文具用品的电话订购。
pad
n. [C]
1 several sheets of paper
fastened together, used for writing or drawing
便笺本；拍纸簿
2 a thick
flat object made of cloth or rubber, used to
protect or clean sth., or to make sth.
more comfortable
垫；衬垫；护垫
album
n.
[C] a book
that you put photographs, stamps, etc. in
（收存照片、邮票等的）簿，册
proclaim
vt.
(fml.) say publicly or
officially that sth. important is true or exists
宣称；宣布；声明
Britain
proudly proclaims that it is a nation of animal
lovers.
英国自豪地宣称自己是一个爱
护动物的国家。
scandal
n.
1 [sing.] a
situation that shocks you and makes you angry,
esp. one that you think sb. in
authority should change
（尤指当局本应改变的）令人震惊的事，引起愤慨的事
It is a scandal that a person can be
stopped by the police for no reason.
警察
竟可以毫无
理由地拦人，这很令人震惊。
2 [C] an event in which sb., esp. sb.
important, behaves in a bad way that shocks people
（尤指牵涉知名人士的）
丑闻，丑事
The
official got involved in a scandal and was forced
to resign weeks later.
那位官员卷入
了一桩丑闻，几个星期后被迫辞职。
thrust
v.
(thrust, thrust) push sth.
somewhere roughly
猛推；猛塞
She never enjoyed the fame that was
thrust on her.
对于强加给她的名声，她从未感到过
< br>开心。
proficiency
n.
[U] a good standard of
ability and skill
熟练；精通
Evidence of basic proficiency in
English is part of the admission requirements.
具备基本
的英语技能是入学要求的一部分。
moreover
ad.
(fml.) in addition
—
used to introduce
information that adds to or supports what has
previously been said
而且；再者；此外
Moreover, they become more concerned
about their health as they grow older.
此外，随
着年龄的增长，他们更加关注自己的健康。
evidently
ad.
used for saying that sth.
is obviously true
明显地；显然
She should have been here two hours
ago, so she’s evidently decided not to come after
all.
她两小时以前就应该到这儿了，所以她显然决定不来了。
Although Miss Smith was evidently not
very well, she continued working throughout the
summer.
虽然史密斯小姐身体很明显不适
，可是她还是坚持工作了一个夏天。
exposure
n.
1 [sing., U]
the chance to experience new ideas, ways of life,
etc.
接触；体验
Exposure to a second language should
take place in elementary school.
孩子们应该从
小
学就开始接触第二语言。
For
as yet unknown reasons, I had come through five
years of exposure to a fatal virus
without being infected.
由于某种
未知的原因，
我与一种致命的病毒接触了五年却相安无事，
没被
感染。
2 [U] when sb. is in a
situation where they are not protected from sth.
dangerous or
unpleasant
暴露
The doctor
told Penny that too much exposure to the sun is
bad for the skin and may
cause cancer.
医生对彭妮说在太阳底下晒太久对皮肤有害，可能会致癌。
adequate
a.
enough in quantity or of a
good enough quality for a particular purpose
足够的；充分的；
合乎需要的
People accused the governor of failing
to take adequate measures which could have
prevented the disaster.
人们指责该州长对本来可以避免的灾难没有采取充分的措施。
adequately
ad.
足够地；充分地
Some students are not adequately
prepared for higher education.
有的学生没有充分
地准
备好接受高等教育。
competent
a.
having enough skills or
knowledge to do sth. to a satisfactory standard
合格的；能干的
My
secretary is perfectly competent, but she doesn’t
have much patience.
我的秘书非常
能干
，但是她没有多少耐心。
jerk
n.
[C] a sudden
quick movement
猛的一动；猝然一动
The old bus started with a jerk, so the
passengers shook all of a sudden.
那辆旧的公
共汽
车猛地一动，车上的乘客都突然摇晃了一下。
jerky
a.
moving roughly
with many starts and stops
（在行进中）不平稳的，颠簸的
After the bus came to a jerky halt, the
passengers got off the bus hurriedly.
公
共汽车颠簸
着停下来以后，乘客们都匆忙下车了。
function
n.
[C, U] the purpose that
sth. has, or the job that sb. or sth. does
（事物的）功能，作用；
（某人的）职责
One of the chief functions of education
is to equip future citizens with their places in <
/p>
society.
教育的主要职能之一是帮助未来的公民在社会上
找到自己的位置。
vi.
work or operate in the correct way
正常工作；正常运转
If the
Internet stopped functioning, the consequent
losses could be measured in tens of
billions of dollars.
如果因特网停止运作，由此产生的损失可用数百亿美元来衡量。
span
n.
[C] a period of time
between two dates or events
（两个日期或事件之间的）时距，期间
Property gained within the span of
marriage such as salary is considered jointly
owned
property.
婚姻存续期间获得的财产，如工资，都视为夫妻共同财产。
The average life span for Americans is
now more than 74 years.
美国人的平均寿命现在超
过了
74
年。
scratch
n. [C]
1 (from ~) from a point
where nothing has been there, so you have to do
everything
yourself
从零开始；从头开始；白手起家
It
may be the first time in years when you have had
to start from scratch making new
friends.
这可能是多年来的第一次你不得不从头开始结交新朋友。
2 a thin mark or cut on the surface of
sth. or on sb.’s skin
（物件或皮肤上的）刮痕，划痕
The scratch on the watch was almost too
minute to see.
手表上的划痕几乎小得看不见。
tune
vt.
1 (also ~ up) make small
changes to an engine so that it works as well as
possible
调整，
调节（发动机）使达到最佳状态
In order to keep drivers safe,
mechanics are urged to make sure that car engines
are
properly tuned up.
为了保证司
机的安全，一定要敦促机械师确保汽车发动机已调整好。
2
make small changes to a musical instrument so that
it will produce the correct notes
为
（乐器）调音，定弦
Someone is coming tomorrow to tune the
piano.
明天会有人来给钢琴调音。
adjust
v.
change or move sth.
slightly to improve it or make it more suitable
for a particular purpose
调整；调节
The figures
have been adjusted for inflation.
数据因通货膨胀而作了调整。
vi.
get used to a new situation
by changing your ideas or the way you do things
适应
He soon
adjusted to army life.
他很快就适应了军队生活。
destination
n.
[C] the place
that sb. or sth. is going to
目的地；终点
Not only
did he help me find the right bus, he also
accompanied me to my destination and
paid the entrance fee to the museum.
他不但帮我找到了正确的公车，还陪我到达了目的
地，并为我支付了
进入博物馆的门票。
precise
a.
exact, clear
and correct
精确的；准确的
In preparing scientific reports, a
student should explain his findings in precise
language.
在准备科学报告时，学生应该用精确的语言来解释他的发现。
beneficial
a.
having a good
effect
有利的；有帮助的；有用的
The researcher is attempting to show
how parents can have beneficial conversations with
their children.
这位研究者正试图示范父母
可以如何跟他们的孩子展开有益的对话。
asset
n.
1 [C] a major benefit
有利条件；长处
Knowing a
foreign language is an important skill, a major
social and business asset that
will
bring new life to the worlds of travel and
entertainment.
懂外语是一门重要的技能，是
促进社交和商贸的一个有利条件，它会给旅游和娱乐业带来新的生机。
2 [C, usu. pl.] the things that a
company owns, that can be sold to pay debts
资产；财产
In addition
to the money in a bank account, my assets include
my house, my car, and my
furniture.
除了银行账户里的钱以外，我的资产还包括房子、车子和家具。
sour
a.
having a sharp acid taste,
like the taste of a lemon or a fruit that is not
ready to be eaten
酸的
In my mouth I have a sour, vinegar
taste coming from the pit of my stomach.
在我的嘴里
有从胃中返出的醋酸味。
subjunctive
a.
used in grammar to express
doubt, wishes, etc.
（语法中的）虚拟语气的
n.
（语法中的）虚拟语气
Please
notice the subjunctive mood used in the sentence.
请注意在句子中的虚拟语气。
Phrases and expressions
be/feel obliged to do sth.
if you are obliged to do sth., you have
to do it because the situation, the law, a duty,
etc.
makes it necessary
（因形势、法律、义务等关系而）非做不可，迫使
I think Valentine’s Day is a waste of
time, but I still feel obliged
to send
my wife a card.
我
觉得情人节是在浪费时间
，但我还是觉得有义务送贺卡给我妻子。
get/be
serious about
if you are
serious about sth., you really mean it and are not
joking or pretending
对
…
是认
真的；并非开玩笑的
When you are staying with your
roommates, you cannot get too serious about
privacy.
你
和你的室友相处的时候，不能太计较隐私
。
run into sb.
(infml.) meet sb. by chance
偶然遇见某人
You forgot
all about your cousin’s birthday until you
suddenly ran into her today.
要不是你
今天偶然遇见了你表姐，你已全然忘记了她的生日。
fresh from
having
just come from a particular place or experience
刚从
…
来的；刚有
…
经历的
School
principals should not expect teachers, fresh from
college, to deal with a large
group of
difficult children.
学校的校长不应该指望刚从大学毕业的老师
来应付一大群难以对
付的孩子。
I’ve returned to the office, fresh from
New York.
我刚从纽约回来，现已回到了办公室。
distinguish between
recognize and understand the difference
between two or more things or people
区分；辨
别
The ability to read in a critical way
involves the ability to distinguish between facts
and the
writer’s opinions or
interpretations.
批判性阅读能力包括区分什么是事实、什么是作者
自己
的看法或解释的能力。
Some
Christians do not want to distinguish between what
are facts and what is myth.
一
些基督徒不想辨别什么是事实，什么是神话。
nail
sth. down
1 fasten sth. to
sth. else with nails
钉；将某物钉牢
Will you nail down that loose board in
the floor?
请把那块松动的地板钉牢好吗？
2 (infml.) reach a final and definite
agreement or decision about sth.
最终确定；对某事作
出定论
Two days isn’t enough to nail down the
details of an agreement.
要把协议的所有细节都确
定下来，两天的时间是不够的。
thrust sth. upon sb.
(usu. passive) force sb. to do or
accept sth.
迫使某人做某事；迫使某人接受某事
She never enjoyed the fame that was
thrust on her.
对于强加给她的名声，她从未感到过
< br>开心。
get/feel/be
lost
be unable to understand
sth. because it is new, difficult, complicated,
etc.
迷惘；困惑；不
知所措
When you read faster, your
comprehension goes up because instead of getting
lost in the
words, you see the general
picture.
当你快速阅读的时候，理解力会上升，因为你看到的
是一个整体画面，而没有拘泥于单个词汇。
become/be attracted to sth.
become/be interested in sth.
对某事
/
物产生兴趣
out of curiosity
because of curiosity
出于好奇
She decided
to follow him out of curiosity.
出于好奇，她决定跟踪他。
look
upon sb./sth. as
consider
sb. or sth. in a particular way, or as a
particular thing
把某人
/
某物看作
We had established
a general opinion which looked upon corruption in
public office as a
threat to society.
我们达成了一个共识：把公职腐败视为对社会的威胁。
We should learn to be caring and
considerate and look upon everyone in the world as
our
brothers and sisters.
我们应该学会关心体贴
,
把世界上的每个人都看作是我们的兄弟姐妹。
be equipped with sth.
be provided with the things that are
needed for a particular kind of activity or work <
/p>
以
…
为
装备；配
备
…
All dormitory
rooms are equipped with high speed Internet
access.
宿舍所有的房间都配备
了高速互联网。
The rooms are equipped with video
cameras.
房间里都装了摄像机。
swell with pride/anger, etc.
feel extremely proud/angry, etc.
洋洋得意
/
怒气冲冲等
Her heart swelled with pride as she
stood watching her daughter win the race.
< br>当她站在那
儿看到女儿赢得比赛时，内心充满了骄傲。
Unit 2
New words
accounting
n.
[U] the work of accountants
or the methods they use
会计；会计学
Students’
major objective is to be financially well off.
Accordingly, today the most popular
course is not literature or history but
accounting.
学生的主要目的是在经济上富裕。因此，
当今最流行的课程不是文学或历史，而是会计。
calculate
vt.
1 make a judgment about
what is likely to happen using the available
information
估计；
预测；推测
It’s difficult to calculate the
long
-term effects of these changes in
the law.
这些法律上的变
化带来的长期影响是难以预
测的。
2 find out how much sth.
will cost, how long sth. will take, etc. by using
numbers
计算；核
算
Nowadays the accountants in enterprises
use computers to calculate the cost of
production with accuracy.
如今，企业财会人员利用电脑来计算准确的生产成本。
boost
vt.
increase or improve sth. to
make it more successful
促进；推动；使兴旺
Some
countries hope that warmer weather and more rain
will boost their farm output.
一
< br>些国家希望更温暖的天气和更多的降雨能提高他们的农业产量。
prospect
n.
[C, U] sth. that is
possible or likely to happen in the future, or the
possibility itself
可能的事
情；很可能发生的事情；前景
Career prospects in science and
technology are virtually unlimited.
科技类职业的前景几
乎是无可限量的。
defect
vi.
leave a country, political
party, or organization to go to another one
背叛；叛逃
He defected
from the party in the late 1970s.
他在
20
世纪
70
年代后
期背叛了该党。
n.
[C] a fault in sb. or sth.
缺点；欠缺；不足之处
Stammering is probably an inherited
defect.
口吃可能是一种遗传缺陷。
applied
a.
(usu. before noun) used for
describing educational subjects when they are
studied for
their practical uses
（学科）应用的，实用的
Industry leaders want scientists to
engage in basic research, not applied research.
产业领
导者们希望科学家们从事基础研究，而不是应用研究。
As an applied scientist, he
does not wish to get mixed up in the current
discussion of pure
mathematics.
作为一个应用科学家，他不希望与目前讨论的纯数学混淆。
bet (bet, bet)
vt.
be fairly
sure that sth. is true, that sth. will happen,
etc., although you can’t prove this
肯定
I bet the
train will be late.
我敢打赌，列车会晚点。
v.
risk money on the result of
a race, game, competition or other future event
下赌注；与
…
打赌
I bet my life that he will take my
money and leave.
我敢用我的命打赌，他将拿着我的钱离
开。
persist
vi.
1 (fml.)
continue to exist
继续存在；持续
If the bad weather persists, the
farmers will suffer great losses this year.
如果恶劣天气持
续，农民今年将遭受巨大的损失。
2 continue to do sth., although this is
difficult, or other people oppose it
坚持；执意
Students
must persist in their efforts if they wish to do
well.
学生如果想取得好成绩就必须
坚持努力。
accelerate
v.
happen or
make sth. happen at a faster rate
（使）加快；促进
Human
activities can cause or accelerate permanent
changes in natural systems.
人类的
< br>活动可能导致或加速自然系统的永久变化。
succession
n.
[sing.] a series of people
or things of the same type
一连串，一系列（同类型的人或物）
After graduation he took a succession
of low-paid jobs.
毕业后他干了一连串报酬低微的工
作。
liberal
a.
1 (~ arts) school or
college subjects that give students a general
education and teach
them to think
rather than those subjects that develop practical
skills
文科
The
liberal arts are college or university subjects
such as history, languages and literature
but not sciences.
文科是学院或大学的如
历史、
语言和文学之类的学习科目，
而不是理科学
科。
2 accepting
different opinions and ways of behaving and
tending to be sympathetic to
other
people
心胸宽广的；开明的
She is known to have liberal views on
divorce.
人们知道她对离婚持有开明的观点。
logical
a.
connecting ideas or reasons
in a sensible way
合乎逻辑的；合理的
It is logical to think that when people
are deprived of their familiar surroundings they
will
feel disoriented.
脱离熟悉的
环境时，人们会感到迷失方向，这样想是符合逻辑的。
Only when each logical step has been
checked by other mathematicians will the proof be
accepted.
只有当其他数学家检查了每一个合乎逻辑
的步骤后，这个证据才会被接受。
bound
a.
(~ to) sth. that is bound
to happen will almost certainly happen
一定的；几乎肯定的
The
weather is bound to get better tomorrow.
明天的天气肯定更好。
dominant
a.
more
important, powerful, or successful than the other
people or things of the same type
有优势的；占统治地位的
Unemployment rate will be the dominant
issue at the next president election.
失
业率将是
下次总统选举中的主要话题。
pillar
n.
[C]
1 a very important part
of a system of beliefs or ideas
（信仰或思想）非常重要的部分
Equality is one of the pillars of a
stable society.
平等是一个稳定社会的支柱之一。
IBM's three pillars of business wisdom
are service, people, and perfection. IBM
其商业智
慧的三大支柱是服务、人员、和完美。
2 a thick strong upright post that
supports part of a building
柱子；支柱
Eight
massive stone pillars supported the roof.
八根巨大的石柱支撑起房顶。
vivid
a.
having or producing very
clear and detailed images in the mind
清晰的；生动的
He gave a
very vivid and often shocking account of his time
in prison.
他描述了他在监狱
的往事，非常生动，
也非常令人震惊。
compel
vt.
force sb. to
do sth.
强迫；迫使
As
a school boy, he was compelled to wear shorts even
in winter.
当他还是一个在校的小
男孩时，即使在
冬天他也被迫穿短裤。
compelling
a.
interesting or exciting
enough to keep your attention completely
有强烈吸引力的；引人入
胜的
Steve Jobs’ life makes a compelling
story.
史蒂夫
·
乔布斯的一生
是一个引人入胜的故事。
promote
vt.
support or encourage sth.
支持；鼓励；提倡
To
acknowledge other cultures will promote good will
among people of different
backgrounds.
承认别人的文化会促进不同背景的人之间的友好亲善。
speculate
v.
consider or discuss why
sth. has happened
思索；沉思；推测；猜测
Archeologists speculate that people
first reached the islands over 1,000 years ago.
考古
学家们推测人类第一次到达这些岛屿是在一千多年前。
Scientists can only speculate
on life on other planets.
科学家只能推测生活在其他行
星上
的生命。
mystery
n.
[C, usu. sing.] sth. that
you are not able to understand, explain, or get
information about
不可思议的事物；无法解释的事物；谜
No one had ever been able to explain
the mystery of the Bermuda Triangle.
从来没有人能
够解释百慕大三角之谜。
destruction
n.
[U] damage that is so
severe that sth. stops existing or can never
return to its normal state
毁灭；摧毁；破坏
The
destruction caused by too many wars and the death
of millions of people shook the
foundation of Western idealism.
太多的战争所造成的破坏和数以百万计人的死亡动摇了西
方理想主义的基础。<
/p>
self-destruction
n.
[U] the
practice of deliberately doing things that are
likely to seriously harm or kill yourself
自残；自毁
unconscious
a.
relating to or coming from
the part of your mind in which there are thoughts
and feelings
that you do not realize
you have
潜意识的；下意识的；无意识的
I don’t know if he noticed my
unconscious desire.
我不知他是否注意到我潜意识的愿望。
destructive
a.
causing severe damage or
harm
破坏性的；毁灭性的
Lack of trust is very destructive in a
relationship.
缺乏信任在人际关系中是很具有破坏性
< br>的。
architect
n.
[C] sb. whose
job is to design buildings
建筑师
He is the
architect of this building, and he’s always on the
construction site.
他是这个大楼
的建筑
师，他总出现在施工现场。
philosopher
n.
[C] sb. who studies and
tries to explain the meaning of things such as
life, knowledge, or
beliefs
哲学家；哲人
Plato was
a Greek philosopher.
柏拉图是古希腊哲学家。
landscape
n. [C]
1 a photograph or painting
showing an area of countryside or land
风景照；风景画
Adams is
well-known for his landscapes of Yosemite National
Park.
亚当斯以他所作的优
胜美地国家公园风景画而闻名
。
2 an area of land that is
beautiful to look at or has a particular type of
appearance
（陆上
的）风景，景致，景色
The landscape is dotted with the tents
of campers.
露营者的帐篷点缀了风景。
fertile
a.
1 able to produce good
ideas or results
富有成果的；富有想象力的
A
poet must have a fertile imagination.
诗人必须有丰富的想象力。
2
able to produce good crops or plants
（土地）肥沃的，富饶的
Fertile soil helps Canada rank among
the world’s leading wheat producers.
肥沃
的土壤帮
助加拿大跻身世界主要小麦生产国。
elegant
a.
1 very intelligent yet
simple
（想法或计划）巧妙的，简洁的
The document impressed me with its
elegant simplicity.
该文件给我留下了精辟简明的深
刻印象。
Professor Freud
was impressed with the elegant simplicity of his
student’s essay.
弗洛伊
德教授对他学生的
典雅古朴的短文留下了深刻的印象。
2
beautiful, attractive and graceful
优美的；高雅的
Patricia
looked beautiful and elegant as always.
帕特里夏看上去总是那么美丽优雅。
analysis
n.
[C, U] a process of
studying or examining sth. in detail in order to
understand it or explain
it
分析
I am
interested in Clare’s analysis of the
situat
ion in China.
我对克莱尔对中国
形势的分析
很感兴趣。
spectacular
a.
extremely impressive
引人入胜的；非常壮观的
There
was a spectacular sunset last night.
昨晚的日落极其壮观。
brand
n.
[C] a product or group of
products that has its own name and is made by one
particular
company
品牌；商标
The Beatles
are probably one of the most spectacular brands of
musicians in the world.
披头士可能是全世界音乐界里最吸引人的品牌之一了。
‘Coca Cola’ is probably the most widely
recognized brand name around the world. “
可口可
乐
”
可能是世界上最广泛认
可的品牌名称。
invest
v.
use your
money with the aim of making a profit from it
投资
He invested
all our profits in gold shares.
他把我们所有的利润都投资进了黄金股。
insight
n.
1 [U] the ability to notice
and understand a lot about people or situations
洞察力；领悟力
It was an
interesting book, full of fascinating insight into
human nature.
这是一本有趣的书，
充满了对人
性绝妙的洞察力。
2 [C, U] a sudden
clear understanding of sth., esp. sth. complicated
顿悟；洞悉；见解
Her
research has given us some insight into what
sparks a teenager’s curiosity.
她的研究
使我们顿悟到什么会引起青少年的好奇心。
thereby
ad.
(fml.) because of or by
means of what has just been mentioned
因此；从而；借此
We
started our journey early, thereby avoiding most
of the traffic.
我们早早地开始了我们
的旅
程，从而避开了交通堵塞的高峰期。
scope
n.
[U] the range of things
that a particular activity, organization, subject,
etc. deals with
（活
动、机构或学术）范围
undertake
vt.
(undertook, undertaken)
agree to be responsible for a job or project and
do it
承担；着手
做
Dr. Johnson undertook the task of
writing a comprehensive English dictionary.
约翰逊博
士着手写一本详尽的英语词典。
candidate
n.
[C] sb. who is being
considered for a job or is competing in an
election
候选人
One
US corporation offered a large sum of money in
support of a US presidential
candidate
at a time when the company was under
investigation.
一个美国公司在接受调查
期间
为某个美国总统候选人提供了大量的金钱支持。
breakthrough
n.
[C] a discovery or
achievement that comes after a lot of hard work
突破；重大发现；重大
成就
Scientists have made more than one
major breakthrough in the treatment of cancer.
科学
家在治疗癌症方面取得了不止一个重大突破。
barrier
n.
[C] anything that prevents
progress or makes it difficult for sb. to achieve
sth.
障碍
The new
president advocated the removal of trade barriers
for his country.
那位新总统主
张为他的国
家消除贸易壁垒。
liable
a.
(be ~ to do
sth.) likely to do sth. in a particular way
because of a fault or tendency
可能
（易
于）做某事的
Many parts of the country are liable to
suffer from flooding.
该国的许多地方易遭水灾。
The
car is liable to overheat on long trips.
这辆汽车跑长途（发动机）容易过热。
establishment
n.
[U] the process of starting
or creating sth. such as an organization
建立；创立；设立
We
support their struggle for the establishment of a
new international economic order.
我
们支持他们为建立国际经济新秩序而斗争。
dean
n.
[C] a senior official at a
college or university
院长；系主任；教务长
sole
a.
(only before noun) the only
one of a particular type
唯一的；仅有的
The sole
purpose of his trip was to attend a concert at
Carnegie Hall.
他此行的唯一目的是
参加在卡
内基音乐厅举行的一场音乐会。
solely
ad.
involving nothing except
the person or thing mentioned
只；唯一地；仅仅
Scholarships are given solely on the
basis of financial need.
奖学金的颁发只根据财务需
要。
reservoir
n. [C]
1 a large quantity of sth.
that can be used
积蓄；储备
Colleges are a reservoir of talents for
companies.
大学是企业的人才库。
2 an artificial or natural lake where
water is stored so that it can be supplied to the
houses
in an area
（人造的）水库；（天然）蓄水湖
If it rains heavily, the reservoir will
overflow.
如果下大雨，水库里的水将会溢出来。
outstanding
a.
extremely good or
impressive
杰出的；出众的；显著的
His performance in charitable
activities was outstanding.
在公益活动方面
,
他的表现非常
出色。
Phrases and expressions
major in
(AmE)
study sth. as your main subject at college or
university
主修（某一）科目
The high demand for persons with
knowledge about computers is why I chose to major
in
computer science at the university.
对具有电脑知识人才的高需求是我选择在大学主修计
算机科学的
原因。
in succession
happening one after the other without
anything different happening in between
连续发生
地；接连发生地
She is an accomplished athlete and won
the championship four times in succession.
她是
一名成功的运动员，连续四次获得冠军。
stand up for
support or defend a person or an idea
when they are being attacked
支持；保卫；维护
Mary
stood up for me at the meeting, sparing me some
embarrassment.
玛丽在会议上支
持了我，使我
免受了一些尴尬。
We should be ready
at all times to stand up for truth.
我们应该随时准备捍卫真理。
speculate about/on
make guesses about the possible causes
or effects of sth. without knowing all the facts
or
details
猜测；推测
It is too early to speculate about the
outcome of the negotiations between the workers
union and the company’s leadership.
要推测工会和公司管理层之间的谈判结果，
还为时过
< br>早。
capture one’s
imagination
make sb. feel
very interested in sth.
引起某人的想象；吸引某人的注意
in the form of
in
the way sth. is or appears to be
以
…
形式；以
…
方式
They received a benefit in the
form of a tax reduction.
他们通过减税的方式获益。
a/the body of sth.
a large amount or mass of sth., esp.
sth. that has been collected
大量的某物
Acquiring a
language is learning a skill, not collecting a
body of information.
学语言是学习
技
能，而不是获取大量的信息。
invest
sb./sth. with sth.
(fml.)
give sb. or sth. a particular quality
赋予（某人或某物）以（某种性质）
Nature has invested these animals with
a capacity for not showing fear.
自然界赋予了
这
些动物不显露恐惧的本领。
in
a … manner
in the way in
which sth. is done or happens
以
< br>…
方式；以
…
方法
in favor of
supporting a person or an idea,
proposal, etc. that you believe is right
支持；赞同
Congress
has decided in favor of a $$200 million housing
development.
美国国会已决定赞
成一个两亿美元
发展住房的计划。
prepare … for
…
make sb. ready and able to
deal with a future event
使
…<
/p>
做好准备（应对未来）
We now
need to prepare them for the digital economy.
我们现在需要让他们为数码经济做
好准备。
in the company of
in sb.’s company; with sb.
和某人在一起
She caught
sight of her grandson, in the company of three
other boys of similar age, going
into
the narrow alley which led to the railway.
她看见她的孙子与其他三个年龄相仿的男孩
一起，进入了那条通向铁路的狭窄小
巷。
Unit 3
New words
odyssey
n. [C]
1 a series of experiences
that teach you sth. about yourself or about life
对人生有教益的
一连串经历；艰难历程
2 a long journey with a lot of
adventures or difficulties
漫长的历险旅程
phase
n.
[C] one of the stages of a
process of development or change
阶段；时期
As times
are changing, we’re entering a new phase in
internationa
l relations.
随着时
代的
变化，我们正进入国际关系的新阶段。
label
vt.
attach a label onto sth. or
write information on sth.
贴标签于；用标签标明
Mom
carefully labeled each jar with its content and
the date.
妈妈仔细地在每个罐子上标
明盛装物和日
期。
n. [C]
a piece of paper or other material
which gives you information about the object it is
fixed to
标签
Remember to put your address labels on
your suitcase.
记得在你的箱子上系上你的地址
标签。
parallel
vt.
1 be equal or similar to
sth.
与
…
相当或相似
His career parallels that of his
father.
他的事业和他父亲的有相似之处。
My best friend’s experiences parallel
mine in many instances.
我最要好朋友的经历在许多
情况下都与我的相似。
2 be the
same distance apart at every point along their
whole length
与
…
平行
The stream parallels the road for
several miles.
小溪与这条路平行数英里。
adolescence
n.
[U] the time,
usu. between the ages of 12 and 18, when a young
person is developing into
an adult
青春期
This is
another novel about the joys and sorrows of
adolescence.
这是另一本有关青春期
的欢乐与悲
伤的小说。
peculiar
a.
1 if sth. is
peculiar to a particular person, place, or
situation, it is a feature that only
belongs to that person, or only exists
in that place or situation
为某人
/
某地
/
某事物所特有
的
He likes to do
things in his own peculiar way/manner/fashion.
他喜欢用自己特有的方法
/
方式做事。
This interesting and
fascinating custom is peculiar to these tribes.
(When peculiar used in
this sense, it
is often followed by a preposition
to
.)
这个有趣和迷人的习俗为这
些部落所特
有。
2
strange, unfamiliar, or a little surprising
奇怪的；异常的
That
young woman, wearing a man’s hat, looks somewhat
peculiar.
那位年轻女子戴着一
顶男人的帽子，看起
来有点奇怪。
acquaint
vt.
(fml.) give
sb. information about sth.
介绍；使认识；使了解
Please
acquaint us with your plans as soon as possible.
请尽快将你的计划告诉我们。
previous
a.
(only before noun) having
happened or existed before the event, time, or
thing that you
are talking about now
以前的；先前的
He has
two daughters from a previous marriage.
他在前一次婚姻中育有两个女儿。
induction
n.
[C, U] the introduction of
sb. into a new job, company, official position,
etc., or the
ceremony at which this is
done
就职；入门；就职仪式
Mrs. Simpson is responsible for the
induction of the new library stuff.
辛普森太太负责图书
馆新职员的入职。
Lung cancer is closely linked to the
habit of smoking and has a long induction period.
肺
癌与吸烟的习惯是密切相关的，它有一个很长的诱导期。
sensible
a.
reasonable,
practical, and showing good judgment
合理的；切合实际的；明智的
It
would be sensible to take an umbrella with you
since there are dark clouds in the sky.
因为天空已乌云密布，你带一把伞是明智的。
A sensible person will not drive
excessively fast as such risky behavior may result
in
accidents.
一个明智的人不会开车过快，因
为这种危险的行为可能会造成车祸。
equivalent
a.
having the same value,
purpose, job, etc. as a person or thing of a
different kind
等值的；
同等的；相当的
His silence is equivalent to an
approval.
他的沉默等于同意。
n.
[C] sth. that
has the same value, size, etc. as sth. else
等价物；等同物；对应物
This
car is too expensive for me; it costs the
equivalent of a whole year’s salary of mine.
这辆车对我来说太贵了，它相当于我全年的工资。
so-called
a.
(only before
noun) used to show that sth. or sb. is usu. called
a particular name
如此称呼
的；号称的
They’ve found the flight recorder, the
so
-called black box.
他们发现了飞行
记录器，即所谓
的黑匣子。
radical
a.
1 used for saying that a
change or way of doing sth. is new and very
different from the
usual way
（改变或方式）彻底的，根本的
To
work within our budget, we need to make some
radical changes to our operating
procedures.
为了配合预算，我们对操作程序需要作一些根本的改变。
2 used for saying that an idea is very
new and different, and against what most people
think or believe
激进的；前卫的
There is
political tension between radical and conservative
politicians.
激进与保守的政客
之间政治关系紧张。
agenda
n.
[C] all the things that
need to be done or that need to be thought or
solved
日常工作事项
There are no excursions or sightseeing
trips on his ag
enda. It’s just work,
work, work.
他
的日常工作事项中没有短途出行或
观光，除了工作还是工作。
quit
v.
(infml.)
leave a job, school, etc., esp. without completely
finishing it
离开（工作岗位、学校
等）；离任
；离校
The majority of smokers
say that they would like to quit smoking.
大多数的吸烟者说他们
是想戒烟的。
To quit the job will get me into
financial trouble.
辞掉这份工作会让我陷入财务困境。
shift
v.
move from one place or
position to another or make sth. do this
（使）移动；（使）转移
（地点或位置）
The wind is expected to shift to the
east tomorrow.
预计明天风会向东转移。
n.
[C] a change
in the way people think about sth., in the way
sth. is done, etc.
（想法、做法
等的）改变
The company reacted quickly to shifts
in consumer demand.
该公司对消费者需求的变化
反应迅速。
prior
a.
(fml.) happening, existing,
or done before a particular time
先前的；之前的；事先的
Illegally parked cars may be removed at
any time without prior notice.
违章停放的车辆随
时会被挪走，无需事先告知。
frame
vt.
(fml.) carefully plan the
way you’re going to ask a question, make a
statement, etc.
（小心
措辞以）表达
She wondered how she was going to frame
the question.
她不知道怎么来提这个问题。
The judge instructed the lawyer to
frame his questions differently.
法官让律师用不同的方
式发问。
n.
[C] a
structure made of wood, metal, plastic, etc. that
surrounds sth. such as a picture or
window, and holds it in place
框架；边框
The wind
rattled through the cracks of the window frames.
风穿过窗框的裂缝咯咯作响。
spouse
n.
[C] (fml.) a husband or
wife
配偶
People
can never be too careful when they choose a
spouse.
人们在选择配偶时要格外谨
慎。
stability
n.
[U] a situation in which
things happen as they should and there are no
harmful changes
稳固；稳定
In order to prosper, a country must
have political, economic and social stability.
为实现繁
荣昌盛，一个国家必须在政治、经济和社会上保持稳定。
static
a.
not moving,
changing, or developing
不动的；不变化的；不发展的；静（止）的
Although oil prices never remain
static, they have, at least, been stable for the
last few
months.
虽然油价不会保持不变，
但至少在过去的几个月中是一直保持稳定的。
proportion
n.
[C, usu. sing.] (~ of) a
part of a number or amount, considered in relation
to the whole
部
分；份额
It is a sad reality that children make
up a large proportion of the world’s population
who
suffers from hunger.
儿童占世界上遭受饥饿人口的很大部分，这是一个悲哀的现实。
saddle
v.
put a saddle on a horse
给（马）装鞍具；装上马鞍
Why
don’t we saddle a couple of horses and go for a
ride?
我们为什么不给几匹马装上鞍
具去跑一圈呢？
If you saddle a horse, you
put a saddle on it so that you can ride it.
如果你给马装鞍，你就
在马上放一个马鞍，这样你就可以骑它了。
n.
[C] a
seat, often made of leather, used on a horse,
bicycle, motorcycle, etc.
马鞍；（自行
车、摩托车等的）车座
When I watch horse racing on
television, I wish I was back in the saddle.
我在电视上观看
赛马时，我希望自己又回到了马鞍上。
heir
n.
[C] the person who has the
legal right to receive the property or title of
another person
when they die
继承人
The king’s
eldest son is the heir to the royal seat of power.
国王的长子是王位的权力继承
人。
Although Prince Charles is the rightful
heir to Queen Elizabeth’s seat of throne, he may
never become king of the U.K.
虽然查尔斯王子是伊丽莎白女王合法的王位继承人，
但他可
能永远不会成为英国国王。
rebel
n.
[C] sb. who opposes or
fights against people in authority
造反者；反叛者
A Red
Cross car drove into the rebel territory to help
the wounded.
红十字会的车开进反
叛军的领土去
帮助伤员。
vi.
oppose sb. in authority or oppose
accepted ways of doing things
造反；
反抗
（权威或常规）
The people rebelled against the harsh
new government.
人民反抗苛刻的新政府。
rebellious
a.
deliberately not obeying
people in authority or rules of behavior
叛逆的；反叛的；反抗的
Her
teachers regard her as a rebellious, trouble-
making girl, but in fact she never causes
any trouble.
她的老师认为她是一个有逆反心理
、且会制造麻烦的女孩，可事实上她从来都
不会惹麻烦。
resent
vt.
feel angry or upset because
you think you have been treated unfairly or
without enough
respect
对
…
感到愤恨（不满）
The young girl bitterly resented her
father’s new wife.
这个年轻女孩极为憎恨父亲的新妻
子。
fluid
a.
likely to change
不固定的；易变的
The
military situation is still very fluid.
军事局势仍然非常不确定。
The
price of raw oil is always very fluid, and the
cost of gasoline tends to go either rapidly
up or slowly down.
原油的价格始终非常
易变，汽油的成本趋于迅速上涨或缓慢下降。
n.
[C, U] a liquid
液（体）
If you have
a fever you should drink plenty of fluids.
如果发烧，就需要大量饮水。
resort
vi.
(fml.) (~ to)
do sth. extreme or unpleasant in order to solve a
problem
采取，诉诸（不好的
事物）
I think we can solve this problem
without resorting to legal action.
我认为我
们可以不诉诸
法律就解决这个问题。
To teach your children to obey, never
resort to body punishment.
教孩子服从，千万不可
诉诸体罚。
n.
[C] a place
where a lot of people go for holidays
度假胜地
distract
vt.
get sb.’s attention and
prevent them from concentrating on sth.
分散，转移（注意力）
I
decided to ignore the rumor as I did not want
anything to distract me from writing the
paper.
我决定对谣言不予理睬，因为我不希望有任何事打扰我写论文。
allowance
n.
1 (make ~s for) accept
behavior that you would not normally accept
because you know
why sb. has behaved
that way
体谅；原谅
You s
hould make allowances
for him; he’s been quite ill recently.
你应该体谅他，他最近
身体相当不适。
2 [C, usu. sing.] an amount of money
that sb. receives regularly in order to pay for
the
things they need
定期补贴；津贴
I
couldn’t have managed at college if I hadn’t had
an allowance
from my parents.
如果没
有我父母的补贴，我根本念不完大学。
transition
n.
[C, U] (fml.) the process
of changing from one situation, form, or state to
another
过渡；转
变；变迁
The health-care system is in tremendous
transition at the moment, but unfortunately not
all of the changes are positive for
patients.
医疗保健系统目前正处于重大转变期，可是很
不幸，不是所有的改变都对病人有利。
predict
vt.
say sth. that will happen
before it happens
预言；预料；预测
It’s still not possible to accurately
predict the occurrence of earthquakes.
地震的发生仍然
无法准确预测。
guideline
n.
[C, usu. pl.] rules or
instructions about the best way to do sth.
指导方针；指导原则
The
European Union has issued guidelines for
appropriate levels of pay for part-time
manual workers.
欧盟已发布有关支付兼职体力劳工适当酬劳的指导原则。
version
n. [C]
1 a form of sth. that is
different from other forms or from the original
版本；改编形式
The
computerized version, which contains all the same
information, costs only a 10th of
the
price of the printed book.
电脑版本包含了印刷本的所
有信息，而成本只是印刷本价格
的十分之一。
2 a description of sth. that happened
according to one person
（根据个人的观点对事件的）
描述，说法
I am inclined
to accept the official version of the many reports
about how the events
developed after
the heavy rain flooded the village.
对大雨
淹没村庄后各种事件如何发展的
众多报道中，我倾向于接受官方版本的报道。
status
n.
[U] sb.’s
p
osition in a profession or society,
esp. compared to other people
社会地位（尤
指与其他人相比）
Many wealthy people drive expensive
cars as a sign of their high social status.
许多有钱
人开昂贵的轿车作为他们社会地位高的标志。
Doctors have traditionally enjoyed
high social status.
医生们传统上享有较高的社会地位。
stable
a.
steady and not likely to
move or change
稳定的；不变的
After several part-
time
jobs, he’s now got a stable job in a bank.
做了几份兼职工作后，他
现在在一家银行找到了一份稳定的工作。
boom
vi.
(usu. in progressive)
experience a period of economic success, with a
lot of trade and
business activity
（国家、地区或行业）繁荣，迅速发展
Because people have more money to spend
and more vacation time to enjoy, the leisure
industry in this country is booming.
因为人们有更多的钱消费，有更多的时间休假，这个国
家的休闲产业
正在蓬勃发展。
apart
ad.
separated by
a distance or, less commonly, by time
（空间、时间方面）成距离，相间隔
The two men, who had consumed too much
alcohol and were now fighting, had to be
dragged apart in case they would hurt
each other.
两个喝了很多酒的男人在打架，人们不
得不把他们拖开，以防他们互相伤害。
a.
separate
分离的；分隔的
We
’ve been apart for too
long, but we’ll soon be together again.
我们已经分开太久，但我
们将很快在一起。
implicit
a.
(fml.) forming a central
part of sth., but without being openly stated
暗含其中的；不明言的
He
interpreted her open comments as an implicit
criticism of the government.
他把她的公
开评论理解为对政府的含蓄的批评。
considering
prep.
& conj.
used to say that you
are thinking about a particular fact when you are
giving your opinion
考虑到；鉴于
She did well finding her way around the
big city, considering she’d only been there once
before.
考虑到她以前只去过那个大城市一次，她能找
到路已经很了不起了。
Considering the
heavy traffic and the bad weather, we got here
quite quickly.
考虑到受堵
的交通和糟糕的天
气，我们到达这里相当迅速。
contemporary
a.
belonging to the present
time
当代的
Although
the story was written more than a hundred years
ago, it has a contemporary feel
to it.
虽然这个故事是一百多年以前写的，但它还是给人一种当代的感觉。
witness
vt.
1 used for saying that sth.
happened at a particular time or in a particular
place
是发生
（某
事件）的时间
或地点
The modern society has
witnessed the increasing phenomenon of the single
parent family.
现代社会已目睹了单亲家庭不断增加的现象。
2 see sth. happen, esp. a crime or an
accident
目击，亲眼看见（尤指罪行或事故发生）
Several residents claim to have
witnessed the attack.
几位居民称目击了这个袭击事件。
deceive
vt.
make sb. believe sth. that
is not true
欺骗
Advertisers are now forbidden to
deceive customers with false claims.
现在
已禁止广告商
用不实之词来欺骗消费者。
outset
n.
(at/from the ~) at or from
the beginning of an event or process
从开头时；从一开始
Many
customers have complained that there have been
troubles with the new coffee shop
right
from the outset of its opening day.
很多客
人都抱怨这个新咖啡店从开张起就一直麻
烦不断。
ré
sumé
n.
[C] (BrE
CV
) a short written account
of your education and your previous jobs that you
send to an employer when you are
looking for a new job
个人简历
To get only one interview, a college
graduate must count on sending out at least one
hundred ré
sumé
s.
仅为得到一次面试，一个大学毕业生就必须发送至少一百份简历。
She sent her
ré
sumé
to fifty companies,
but didn't even get an interview.
她把她的简
历送
至五十家公司，但她甚至连面谈的机会都没有。
up-to-date
a.
including all the latest
information
包含最新信息的
Great trouble is taken to keep our
textbooks up-to-date and keep their information
current.
我们费了很大的力气来更新我们的教科书，并保证这些书的信息是最
新的。
Radio, TV and the
Internet keep us up-to-date with news from all
over the world.
电台、电
视节目和英特网让
我们了解世界各地的的最新新闻。
reinforce
vt.
give support to an opinion,
idea, or feeling and make it stronger
加强，强化（观点、思想
或感觉）
His rude behavior at the party merely
reinforced my previous dislike of him.
他在派对上的
粗鲁行为只是增强了我对他以前就有的厌恶感。
Phrases and expressions
acquaint oneself with sth.
make an effort to learn about sth.
使自己了解某事；使自己知悉某事
If you want to travel abroad, it’s
worth your time and effort to acquaint yourself
with the
customs and social conventions
of the countries you plan to visit.
如果你
想出国旅行，花
些时间和精力去了解你计划去的那些国家的习惯和社会习俗是值得的。<
/p>
prior to sth.
(fml.) before sth.
在某事之前；先于某事
Although his aunt was gravely ill with
cancer, she didn’t suffer the weeks prior to her
death.
虽然他的姑姑患了癌症，病得很重，但她在去世前的几个星期并没有遭受
痛苦。
base upon/on
use sth. as the thing from which sth.
is developed
以
…
为基
础；以
…
为根据
These are the key factors for being a
successful speaker, and they are based on my own
experience.
这些是成为一名成功的演说家的关键
因素，是以我自己的经验为基础的。
saddle sb.
with sth.
give sb. sth. that
is difficult to deal with
使某人承担苦差事；使某人负重担
The company is saddled with debt due to
the consequence of an increased cost of
production.
生产成本的提高使该公司陷入了债务。
keep a distance from
stay far enough away from sb. or sth.
to be safe
保持距离
When driving fast on the highway, you
should always keep a distance from the car in
front
of you to avoid hitting that car.
在高速公路上快速行驶时，
应该总是跟前面的车保持一定的
距离，以免撞上。
run away
from
leave a place, esp.
secretly, in order to escape from sb. or sth.
（尤指）秘密地逃跑，出
逃
Her mother’s continual criticizing
drove her into running away from home.
她母亲不断批
评她，促使她离家出走。
get away from
avoid sth. that is difficult or
unpleasant, or sth. that limits what one can do in
some way
摆
脱（困难或不愉快的事，或某种限制）<
/p>
Playing tennis is good
exercise and also allows me to get away from
thinking about my
work.
打网球是一项很好的运动，它也能让我不去想我的工作。
distract sb. from sth.
take sb.’s attention away from sth. by
making them look at or listen to sth. else
分散（某
人的）注意力；使（某人）分心
I decided to ignore the rumor as I did
not want anything to distract me from writing the
paper.
我决定对谣言不予理睬，因为我不希望有任何事打扰我写论文。
give way to
be
replaced by sth. else
被
…
取代
He was greatly disappointed over his
boss’ decision against giving him a pay raise, and
soon his disappointment gave way to
anger.
他对老板不给他加薪的决定感到非常失望，
很<
/p>
快他的失望变成了愤怒。
apart
from
(AmE) in addition to
sb. or sth.
除
…
之外；
此外
Apart from the
international flight, the children have to pay for
their own expenses on the
trip.
除了国际航班的飞机票，孩子们必须支付旅行中自己的花费。
have an effect on
make a change that is produced in one
person or thing by another
对
…
产生作用
The radiation leak after the earthquake
had a disastrous effect on the people living in
the
affected area as well as the
environment.
地震后的辐射泄漏对居住在受灾地区的人们和
灾区环境造成了灾难性的影响。
deceive
sb. into doing sth.
trick
sb. in order to make them do what you want them to
do
欺骗某人做某事
I was
in my room reading when the sound of the door
closing deceived me into thinking
my
family had gone out.
我在房间里看书时，关门的声音让我误以为我的家人都出去了。
back off
stop
supporting sth., or decide not to do sth. you were
planning to do
放弃；退出
Jerry backed off the project when he
realized how much work was involved to do a good
job completing it.
当杰瑞意识到需要多
少工作量才能成功地完成这个项目时，他放弃了。
wonder at
feel
surprised and unable to believe sth.
对
…
感到惊讶
Visitors to mountainous areas tend to
wonder at the speed with which the weather can
change in such areas.
去山里观光的游客会对这个地区天气变化之快感到诧异。
Unit 4
New words
classic
a.
(usu. before noun) admired
by many people, and having a value that has
continued for a
long time
经典的
The Coca-Cola
bottle is one of the classic designs of the last
century.
可口可乐瓶子是上
个世纪的经典设计之一。
romance
n.
1 [C] a story
about the love between two people
爱情故事
She is a
compulsive reader of romances.
她热衷于阅读爱情故事。
You’ll be in the joy of creation when
writing a children’s story, a novel, or a romance.
当你
写一部儿童故事、一部小说，或一部爱情故事时，你会感受
到创作的喜悦。
2 [U] love or a
feeling of being in love
爱情；恋爱
Many people
believe that marriage is not an ever-lasting
romance but like a business.
很
多人认为，婚姻不是一个浪漫的结合，而是一种商业的行为。
cute
a.
very pretty or attractive
漂亮的；可爱的
Mathew is
so delighted because he’s got a really cute baby
brothe
r.
马修如此高兴是因为
他有了一个很可爱的小弟弟。
gaze
vi.
look at sb. or sth. for a
long time, giving it all your attention, often
without realizing you are
doing so
（常指无意识地）凝视，盯着看
He
spent hours gazing out of the window when he was
supposed to be working.
在应该工
作的时候，他却茫然地凝视着窗外好几个小时。
weird
a.
(infml.) very strange and
unusual, and difficult to understand or explain
古怪的；奇异的
We were a
little afraid when we walked into the weird old
house, full of creaks and groans.
这座诡异的老房子到处嘎吱作响，我们走进去时有点儿害怕。
cautious
a.
careful to avoid danger or
risks
小心的；谨慎的；慎重的
Many scientists are cautious about
interpreting function and behavior of “Black
Holes”.
许
多科学家对如何解释
“
黑洞
”
的功能和活动都持谨慎的态
度。
dynamic
a.
1 full of
energy and new ideas, and determined to succeed
精力充沛的；有创新思想的；
志在成功的
He seemed a dynamic and energetic
leader.
他似乎是一个充满朝气和活力的领导者。
2 continuously moving or changing
不断移动的；不断变化的
Markets are dynamic and companies must
learn to adapt to the constant economic
changes.
市场是动态的，公司必须学会适应持续不断的经济变化。
charm
vt.
attract sb. and make them
like you, sometimes in order to make them do sth.
for you
迷住；
吸引
Almost all of the young women in the
room were charmed by his boyish manner.
房间里
几乎所有的年轻女性都被他那男孩子气的举止迷住了。
n.
[C, U] a
special quality sb. or sth. has that makes people
like them, feel attracted to them,
or
be easily influenced by them
魅力；魔力；吸引力；可爱之处
These lovely old towns have a charm you
couldn’t find in the big cities.
这些可爱的老
城镇
有你在大城市找不到的魅力。
tempt
vt.
try to persuade sb. to do
sth. by making it seem attractive
怂恿；利诱
They
tempted him to join their company by offering him
a large salary and a company car.
他们为他提供高薪和一辆公司的汽车来利诱他加入他们的公司。
tempting
a.
used for describing sth.
that makes you feel you would like to have it or
do it
诱人的；吸引
人的
At first glance, the contract was
tempting; however, upon closer examination it
became
clear that the contract had many
problems.
乍一看，合同是诱人的，但仔细检查后发现该
合同有许多问题。
reputation
n.
[C] the opinion that people
have about sb. or sth. because of what has
happened in the
past
名誉；名望
The company
has a worldwide reputation for quality.
这个公司的质量享誉全球。
superior
a.
better, more powerful, more
effective, etc. than a similar person or thing,
esp. one that you
are competing against
更好的；更强的；更有效的
She
got the job because she was the superior
candidate.
她得到了此工作，因为她是更好
的候选
人。
semester
n.
[C] one of
the two periods of time that a year at high
schools and universities is divided
into, esp. in the US
（尤指美国中学和大学的）一学期，半学年
the first/second semester
第一
/
第二学期
the spring/fall semester
春季<
/p>
/
秋季学期
stale
a.
1 not interesting or
exciting any more
不再有趣的；没有新意的；乏味的
Many marriages might go stale, but not
the marriage of her parents.
很多婚姻可能会变得<
/p>
乏味，但她父母的婚姻不会。
2
bread or cake that is stale is no longer fresh or
good to eat
不新鲜的
French bread goes stale (= becomes
stale) very quickly.
法式面包会很快变得不新鲜。
component
n.
[C] one of several parts
that together make up a whole machine, system,
etc.
机器、系统
等的零件；成分；组成部分
The course has four main components:
business law, finance, computing and
management skills.
该课程有四个主要组
成部分：商务法、金融、计算机和管理技能。
Nutrition is one of the most important
components of a healthy body.
营养是一个健康的身
体最重要的组成部分之一。
ambitious
a.
determined to be
successful, rich, powerful, etc.
有抱负的；有雄心大志的；野心勃勃的
She is a very ambitious woman and plans
to expand her business as soon as possible.
她
是一个很有野心的女人，并计划尽快扩大自己的生意。
sexual
a.
relating to the physical
activity of sex
性的；与性（生活）有关的
Many elderly people continue to have a
satisfying sexual life.
很多年长者仍继续有着满意
的性生活。
superb
a.
extremely good
极好的；出色的；卓越的
Gifted with a superb voice, she became
a famous opera singer.
她天生一副好嗓子，成为
了一位出名的歌剧演员。
immune
a.
1 (not before noun) not
influenced or affected by sth.
不受影响的
Few women
were immune to his charm.
很少有女人对他的魅力无动于衷。
Japan was by no means immune from
continental influences.
日本决不可能不受到亚洲大
陆的影响。
2 safe from a disease, because you
cannot be infected by it
免疫的；有免疫力的
Most
people who’ve had chickenpox once are immune to it
for the rest of their
lives.
大多
数曾经出过水痘的人都会终生对水痘有免疫力。
consequently
ad.
as a result
结果；因此；所以
The rain
was heavy and consequently the land was flooded. <
/p>
雨下得很大，
结果土地被水淹
没了。
disgust
n.
[U] a strong
feeling of dislike, annoyance, or disapproval
厌恶；气愤；反感
I threw
the book aside in disgust.
我气愤地把书扔在一边。
A
look of disgust came over his face.
厌恶的神色写在了他的脸上。
proceed
vi.
1 (fml.) continue to do
sth. that has already been planned or started
继续进行；继续做
The city
government was running out of money but was
determined to proceed with
repairing
all of the roads as planned.
市政府的钱快用完了，
但政府决定继续按计划修复所
有该修的道路。
Before proceeding further, we must
clearly define our terms.
我们必须先给术语下定义，<
/p>
然后再继续。
2 move in a
particular direction
（向某一方向）前进，移动
When
the airplane from San Francisco landed in New
York, passengers for Madrid were
instructed to proceed to gate 26 for
boarding.
当从旧金山来的飞机在纽约降落后，去马德
里的乘客被要求继续前往
26
号登机口登机。
lodge
vt.
formally make sth. such as
a complaint or claim
正式提出（投诉、要求等）
He
has a month in which to lodge an appeal.
他在一个月内可提出上诉。
US
lodged a formal protest against the arrest of
their reporters.
美国提出了正式抗议，反
对他们的记者遭到逮捕。
v.
live somewhere temporarily, usu. paying
rent to live in sb. else’s house, or provide sb.
with
a place to live
（通过付住宿费）借住；（为某人）提供住宿
All the travelers lodged in a three-
star hotel.
所有的旅客都住在一家三星级的酒店。
behalf
n.
(on one’s ~ / on ~ of sb.)
instead of sb., or as their representative
代表某人
On behalf of
the entire company, I would like to thank you for
all of your excellent
contribution.
我代表整个公司对您所做的卓越贡献表示感谢。
Unfortunately, George cannot be with us
today, so I am pleased to accept this award on
his behalf.
不幸的是，乔治今天不能与我们在一
起，所以我很高兴代表他接受这个奖项。
approve
vt.
officially accept a plan,
proposal, etc.
批准；认可
The court approved the sale of the
property.
法院批准出售这一房产。
We had to wait months for the council
to approve our plans to increase the size of the
house.
我们得等待数月，等委员会批准我们扩大住房的计划。
vi.
think that
sb. or sth. is good, right, or suitable
赞许；赞成；同意
I
approve of your trying to
make some
money, but please don’t neglect your studies.
我赞
成你赚一些钱，但请不要忽视你的学业。
grant
vt.
(fml.) give sb. sth. or
allow them to have sth. that they have asked for
给予；准予
The
European Union could grant Spain’s request for
financial assistance.
欧盟可能会同意
西班牙提出的有关提供财政援助的要求。
I would
love to be able to grant her wish.
我很想能够满足她的愿望。
If a
government does not want a person to enter the
country, it can refuse to grant that
person a visa.
如果一个政府不希望某个人进
入该国，可以拒绝给予那个人发放签证。
The
authorities at the consulate have refused to grant
him a visa to visit the U.S.
领馆当局
一直拒绝给他发放访美的签证。
n.
[C] an amount of money
given to sb., esp. by the government, for a
particular purpose
（
尤
指政府发给的）补助金，拨款
He was
awarded a grant which enabled him to successfully
finish his research at the
university.
他获得了政府发的补助金，这使他能够成功地完成他在大学的研究。
coordinate
vt.
organize the different
parts of a job or plan so that the people involved
work together
effectively
调节；协调
A senior
embassy official is coordinating efforts to free
the captives.
大使馆的一位高级官
员正在协调
各方为释放俘虏所作的努力。
core
n.
[C] the most important or
most basic part of sth.
最重要（或最基本）的部分；核心
The lack of government funding is at
the core of the problem.
缺乏政府拨款是问题的核心。
deserve
vt.
1 have earned sth. by good
or bad actions or behavior
应得，应受到（奖赏或惩罚）
People who confront their difficulties
bravely are people who deserve respect.
勇于面对困
难的人是值得尊敬的人。
I think we deserve a rest after all
that hard work.
做了这么多辛苦的工作后，我想我们应该
休息一下了。
2 if a
suggestion, idea, or plan deserves consideration,
attention, etc., it is good enough to
be considered, paid attention to,
etc.
（建议、观点或计划）值得考虑、注意等
The suggestions that you have put
forward deserve serious consideration.
你提出的建议
值得认真考虑。
liberty
n.
1 [sing.] sth. you do
without asking permission, esp. which may offend
or upset sb. else
擅自的行为；冒犯的举动；放肆的行为
It would be taking too much of a
liberty if one of my friends used my house while I
was
away.
如果我不在时，我的一个朋友用了我的房子，那就太过分了。
2 [U] the freedom and the right to do
whatever you want without asking permission or
being afraid of authority
自由；自由权
He firmly
believes that liberty is inseparable from social
justice.
他坚定地认为，自由与社
会公正是分不开的
。
display
vt.
clearly show
a feeling, attitude, or quality by what you do or
say
显示，显露（某种情感、
态度或特质）
She displayed no emotion on the witness
stand.
她在证人席上面无表情。
n.
[C] an
arrangement of things for people to look at or buy
展览；陈列；展示
There is
a display of photos of the theater from its early
days in the lobby.
大厅里展出了剧
院早期的照片。
disapprove
vi.
think that sb. or their
behavior, ideas, etc. are bad or wrong
不赞同；反对
He was
certain that she would disapprove of his plan to
spend the summer doing research
at the
North Pole.
他很肯定她会反对他利用暑假在北极做研究的计划。
I knew my parents would disapprove, but
I went anyway.
我知道我父母会反对，但我还是
去了。
palm
n.
[C] (also ~ tree) a
tropical tree which grows near beaches or in
deserts, with a long
straight trunk and
large pointed leaves at the top
棕榈树
weave
v. (wove,
woven)
1 put many different
ideas, subjects, stories, etc. together and
connect them smoothly
编
造（故事等）
The author weaves a complicated plot of
romance and intrigue in her new novel.
作者在
她的新小说里编造了复杂的故事情节，充满浪漫和阴谋。
2 make cloth, a carpet, a basket, etc.
by crossing threads or thin pieces under and over
each other by hand or on a loom
织；编织
This type of
wool is woven into a fabric which will make
jackets.
这种类型的羊毛被织成了
做夹克的面料。<
/p>
Only a few of the women
still know how to weave.
只有很少的妇女还知道如何编织。
blur
n.
[C, usu. sing.] sth. that
you cannot remember clearly
模糊的记忆；记不清的事情
I
was hurt badly, and the day after the accident
went by in a blur.
我受了重伤，出事的那
天只剩下一片模糊的记忆。
v.
become difficult to see, or make sth.
difficult to see, because the edges are not clear
（使）
模糊；（使）看不清
The street lights were blurred by the
fog.
街灯在迷雾的笼罩中变得昏暗了。
kneel
vi.
(also ~ down) (knelt,
knelt) be in or move into a position where your
body is resting on
your knees
跪着；跪下
She knelt
down on the grass to examine a flower.
她跪在草地上仔细观察一朵花。
propose
v.
ask sb. to marry you, esp.
in a formal way
（尤指正式向某人）求婚
I still remember the night your father
proposed to me.
我仍记得你父亲向我求婚的那天晚
上。
vt.
(fml.)
suggest sth. as a plan or course of action
提议；建议
I propose
delaying our decision until the next meeting.
我建议将我们的决定推迟到下次的
会议。
confess
v.
admit sth. that you feel
embarrassed about
承认（使自己尴尬的事情）
I
have to confess (that) when I first met Ian I
didn’t think he was very bright.
我必须承认，
当我第一次见到伊恩时，我并不认为他非常聪明。
I found it all very confusing; I must
confess.
我发现这一切都非常令人困惑，我必须承认。
The director confessed that he himself
was puzzled by the company's losses.
导演
承认他
自己对公司遭受的损失感到迷惑。
When asked how he liked the movie, Jack
confessed to having slept through most of the
film.
当杰克被问到他对这部电影的评价时，他承认大部
分时间他都在睡觉。
knot
n. [C]
1 a part
where one or more pieces of string, rope, cloth,
etc. have been tied or twisted
together
（线、绳、布等打成的
)
结
It is not easy
for small children to learn how to tie a knot in
their shoelaces.
小孩子学习如
何系鞋带并不容易。
Are you any good at tying knots?
你擅长打结吗？
Thread
the string through the hoop and tie it in a knot.
把线从环上穿过，并打成结。
2 a
tight uncomfortable feeling in your stomach, etc.,
caused by a strong emotion such as
fear
or anger
（恐惧、愤怒等导致的）紧张（感）
Her stomach was in knots.
她的心揪得紧紧的。
pessimistic
a.
expecting that bad things
will happen in the future or that sth. will have a
bad result
悲观
的；悲观主义的
Due to the economic slowdown, the tone
of the meeting was very pessimistic.
由于
经济衰
退，这次会议的基调非常悲观。
faithful
a.
remaining loyal to a
particular person, belief, political party, etc.
and continuing to support
them
（对某人、信念、政党等）忠诚的，忠实的
His faithful old dog accompanied him
everywhere he went.
他所到之处，都有他那条忠实
的老狗陪伴着。
honeymoon
n.
[C] a holiday taken by two
people who have just got married
蜜月
Many couples
take a honeymoon, a one-to-two-week trip, to
celebrate their marriage.
许
多
新人会去度蜜月，即一到两个星期的度假旅行，以庆祝他们的婚姻。
In the U.S., Niagara Falls is a
traditional and popular honeymoon destination for
newly-weds (just married couples).
在美国，
尼加拉大瀑布是一个传统与流行的新婚夫妇的
< br>蜜月地。
commence
v.
(fml.) begin
or start sth.
开始；着手
Construction of the new bridge will
commence as soon as our company receives the down
payment for this large project.
我们公司一收到这个大项目的首期付款，就会马上开始新桥
梁的建设。
We will commence building work
in August of next year.
我们将在明年
8
月开始兴建工作。
bloom
vi.
if a plant or a flower
blooms, its flowers appear or open
开花；（花）盛开
The
plant has a beautiful orange flower, which blooms
in May every year.
这种植物在每年
的五
月都会开出一种美丽的橙色花朵。
Phrases and
expressions
head
for
go or travel toward a
particular place, esp. in a deliberate way
（朝
…
）前进；（向
…
）去
The ship was
heading for Cuba, an island country in the
Caribbean.
船只正航向古巴，它
是一个位于加勒比
海的岛国。
gaze at
look at sb. or sth. with one’s eyes
fixed at sth. often without knowing
（常指无意识地）凝
视，盯着看
He was standing on the bridge gazing
down at the river beneath.
他站在桥上，双眼凝视
着桥下的河。
stare at
look at
sth. or sb. with eyes widely open for a long time
without moving
凝视；盯着看
In many cultures, it’s rude to stare at
people.
在许多文化中，直愣愣地盯着人看是粗鲁的
行
为。
by accident
in a way that is not planned or
intended
偶然；意外地
The trigger of the gun must be locked
so that it cannot be fired by accident.
枪的发射扳机
必须被锁住，这样就不会意外地擦枪走火。
pretend to do sth.
behave as if sth. is true when in fact
you know it is not
假装
…
；装作
…
I
didn’t preten
d to be an expert on the
subject because I must be honest.
我没假装我
是这
方面的专家，因为我必须诚实。
come over sb.
if
a feeling comes over you, it suddenly affects you
in a strong way
（
某种感情）
突然攫住，
突然影响
A
wave of sleepiness came over me.
一阵倦意向我袭来。
immune
to
not affected by sth.
不受
…
影响的；对
…<
/p>
有免疫力的
Most people
who’ve had chickenpox once are immune to it for
the rest of their lives.
大多
数
曾经出过水痘的人都会终生对水痘有免疫力。
go
along with sb./sth.
agree
with or support sb. or sth.
同意；支持
Kate’s
already agreed to visit my parents, but it’s going
to be harde
r persuading Mike to
go along with it.
凯特已经同意去看望我的父母，但要说服迈克也同意会更难。
expel sb. from sth.
officially force sb. to leave a school
or organization
（从学校或组织中正式）开除
Each year more than 10 students are
expelled from the university for cheating on their
exams.
每年有超过
10
名学生因为考试作弊被该大学开除。
proceed to sth.
if you proceed to the next part of an
activity, job, etc., you do or take part in the
next part of
it
进而做（参加）某事（活动）
He
accepted my invitation and then proceeded to the
comment that people shouldn’t own
cars
because they damage the environment.
他接
受了我的邀请，然后继续他的评论：人
们不应该拥有汽车，因为汽车会破坏环境。
take the liberty of doing
sth.
do sth. without
permission
擅自做某事
I hope you won’t mind that I took the
liberty of booking theater seats for us.
我希望你不会
介意我擅自给我们预订了剧院的座位。
I took the liberty of booking a cruise
for us for the spring break.
我擅自为我们的春假预订
了邮轮票。
take sb. by surprise
happen unexpectedly
出乎某人意料
The
question took her by surprise, and she did not
know what to say.
这个问题完全出乎
她的
意料，她不知道该说些什么。
propose
marriage
(fml.) ask sb. to
marry you
求婚
He
was a bit shy at first, but then he got the
courage to propose marriage to her.
他起先
有
点不好意思，但后来就鼓起勇气向她求婚了。
be filled with
be
full of
充满；装满
He
looked at me without speaking, and for the first
time I could see that his eyes were
filled with pride.
他看着我没有说话，我第一次看见他的眼里充满了骄傲。
His eyes were filled with tears as he
looked at her with love.
他深情地看着她，眼里充满了
泪水。
航速-忘记英文
航速-忘记英文
航速-忘记英文
航速-忘记英文
航速-忘记英文
航速-忘记英文
航速-忘记英文
航速-忘记英文
-
上一篇：研究生科技创新计划 项 目 申 请 书
下一篇：2011香江学者导师名单(附件1)