蒸煮综英四单元翻译

(the cardinal humors)

，

即血液

(blood)

、

黏液

(phlegm)

、

胆汁

(choler)

和黑胆汁

(black bile)

，

这四种体液在一个人身上的比

例决定了一个人的脾性。

因此，

如果我们大多数人不是独自生活在荒野里，

我们

肯定要与不同个性和世界观的人发生各种联系。

为享有舒 适的环境，

我们应该努

力使这些关系更加和谐。

首先，

我们应该欣赏多样性，

而不是为多样性感到苦恼 。

第二，我们绝不可干涉别人的私事；绝不可嘲笑别人的品味。第三，我们应该为

别人有着不同于我们追求的喜好而感到高兴。

第四，

< br>我们应该尽量避免很有可能

引起争论的话题。

第五，

我们不应希望像两个律师或政治家一样彼此没完没了地

摆道理来解决 一切问题。

第六，

我们应该记住美德和智慧可能有多种形式。< /p>

第七，

我们应该尽量避免引起坏脾气的各种途径和原因。

当然，

我们只是提供了几条努

力构建和谐人际关 系的原则，你还可以根据你的生活经历加上一些新的原则。

Personalities and views on life vary f rom individual to individual. In the light of

biologic al determinism, one can not escape from hereditary traits. In the light of

social determinism, one can not escape from social environment; in other words,

one’s

world outlook is largely determined by his economic- social status. In ancient times,

people were believed to have four different cardinal humors, namely blood, phlegm,

choler and black bile, whose relative proportions in a person determined his mental

qualities. Therefore, if most of us should not live alone in a wilderness, we are sure to

have various relations with people of different personalities and world outlooks. We

should endeavor to make these relations more harmonious so as to enjoy more

comfortable surroundings. Firstly we should appreciate diversities rather than feel

distressed by diversities. Secondly, we should never intrude on

others’ privacy,

or

never ridicule others , tastes. Thirdly, we should take delight

in others ’ pursuits

different from our own. Fourthly

，

we should avoid as far as possible having subjects

which are most likely to cause disputation. Fifthly, we should not wish to settle

everything by contending endlessly with each other just like two lawyers or two

politicians. Sixthly, we should remember that virtues and wisdom may be displayed in

various forms. Seventhly, we should cut off as far as possible the means and causes of

ill-temper. Of course , we have only offered a list of principles in an effort to build up

harmonious relationships between people, and you may add more to the list from your

own life experiences.

Unit 7

作者认为，

国际主义情 怀与世界主义情怀有着根本的差异。

具有民族主义情怀是

培养国 际主义精神的先决条件。

国际主义和平主张反对任何形式的战争，

不是毁

灭各国之后的和平。

他相信，

一个人对另—个民族的特性越赞赏，

就越不会试图

模仿这个民族 的特性，

因为民族特性非常深刻，

无法模仿。

< br>大部分人的问题在于

仅仅凭着一些短暂的印象，就对某一个民族的特性作出过于笼 统的概括。另外，

我们应该明白，

从最宽泛意义上说，

语言可以被看做是一个民族的象征标示，

因