便宜英文(整理)常用临床医学英文术语

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常用临床医学英文术语

diseases

疾病

acute diseases

急性病

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advanced diseases

病沉重期，晚期疾病

chronic diseases

慢性病

communicable diseases

传染病

complicating diseases

并发病

congenital diseases

先天性疾病

acquired diseases

后天性疾病

contagious diseases

接触性传染病

endemic diseases

地方病

epidemic diseases

流行病

functional diseases

机能病、官能病

infectious diseases

传染病

inherited diseases

遗传病

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malignant diseases

恶性病

nutritional diseases

营养病

occupation diseases

职业病

organic diseases

器质性病

paroxysmal diseases

阵发性病

periodical diseases

周期病

p rimary(principal)diseases

原发（主导）病

secondary diseases

继发病

sexual(venereal, social)diseases

性病

terminal diseases

绝症

wasting diseases

消耗性疾病

chief complaint

主诉

clinical manifestation

临床表现

delivery history

分娩史

etiology

病因学

family history

家族史

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history, medical history

病史

precipitating(i nduced)

诱因

marital status

婚姻状况

menstrual history

月经史

menarche

初潮

menopause

闭经

past history

既往史

pathogenesis

发病机制

personal history

个人史

symptoms

症状

cardinal symptom

主要症状

classical symptom

典型症状

concomitant symptom

伴发症状

constitutional(systemic) symptom

全身症状

indirect symptom

间接症状

induced symptom

诱发症状

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local symptom

局部症状

mental symptom

精神症状

symptom-complex (syndrome)symptom

综合症，症候群

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signs

体征

antecedent

前驱征

assident (accessory)

副征

commemorative

后遗症

sign of death

死征

diagnostic

诊断征

sign of disease

病征

subjective

自觉征，主观征

vein sign

静脉征

vital sign

生命体征

body length (height of the body)

身高

body weight

体重

barrel chest

桶状胸

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cachexia

恶病质

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compulsive position

被动体位

critical facies

病危面容

emaciation

消瘦

enophthalmos

眼球下陷

entropion

睑内翻

exophthalmos

眼球突出

flushed face

面色潮红

gain (loss) in weight

增加（减轻）体重

lock-jaw

牙关紧闭

lordosis

脊柱前凸

nasal ala flap

鼻翼扇动

nystagmus

眼震

obesity

肥胖

pallor

苍白

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scolisis

脊柱侧凸

agitation

焦急不安

debility, weakness

虚弱

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diaphoresis

出汗，大量出汗

dizziness, vertigo

眩晕

lassitude, fatigue

无力，倦怠

malaise

不适

night sweat

盗汗

numbness

麻木

rigor, chill

寒冷，发冷

perspiration, sweating

出汗

pruritus, itching

痒，

somasthenia

躯体无力

tingling

麻刺感

abscess

脓肿

acidosis

酸中毒

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adhesion

粘连

alkalosis

碱中毒

allergy

过敏

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coagulation defect

凝血不良

congestion

充血

dehydration

脱水

distention

膨胀

edema

水肿

embolism

栓塞，栓塞形成

fluid and electrolyte imbalance

水电解质紊乱

gangrene

坏疽

hematoma

血肿

hemorrhage, bleeding

出血

infarction

梗塞，梗死

infection

传染

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inflammation

炎症

ketoacidosis

酮酸中毒

metastasis

转移

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perforation

穿孔

necrosis

坏死

shock

休克

response

反应，应答

reaction

反应，感应

thrombosis

血栓形成

ulceration

溃疡

fever, pyrexia

发烧，发热

continuous fever

稽留热

intermittent fever

间歇热

low-grade fever

低热

remittent fever

驰张热

relapsing fever

回归热

pain

痛

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burning pain

灼痛

chest(flank,…) pain 胸（胁腹…）痛

cramp-like pain

痉挛性痛

dull, diffused pain

弥漫性钝痛

pleuritic pain

胸膜炎性痛

radiating pain (pain radiating to…) 放射性痛（放射到…

疼痛）

angina

绞痛

cardiac angina

心绞痛

backache

背痛

colic

绞痛，急腹痛

earache

耳痛

headache

头痛

neuralgia

神经痛

migraine

偏头痛

rebound tenderness

反跳痛

somatalgia

躯体痛

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sore throat

咽喉痛

stomachache

胃痛

toothache

牙痛

bloody sputum

带血的痰

cough

咳嗽

dry cough

干咳

expectoration

咳痰

expectoration of blood

咳血

hemoptysis

咳血

anoxia

缺氧

apnea

呼吸暂停，窒息

asthma

气喘，哮喘

Cheyne Stokes respiration

切－斯氏呼吸，潮式呼吸

dyspnea

呼吸困难

hyperpnea hyperventilation

过度呼吸，换气过度

hypopnea

呼吸不全，

呼吸浅表

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hypoxia

低氧，缺氧

orthopnea

端坐呼吸

respiratory arrest

呼吸停止

suffocation

窒息

tachypnea

呼吸急促

fetid breath

口臭

fruity breath

呼吸有水果味

arrhythmia

心律失常，心律不齐

atelectasis

肺不张，肺膨胀不全

cardiac arrest

心搏骤停

cardiac hypertrophy

心脏肥大

cyanosis

发绀，青紫

distension of jugular vein

颈静脉怒张

extrasystole

期外收缩

gallop rhythm

奔马律

hemopleura

血胸

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hepatojugular reflux

肝颈静脉回流

hypovolemia

（循环）血容量减少

palpitation

心悸

tachycardia

心动过速

pneumothorax

气胸

thrill

震颤

absent breath sounds

呼吸音消失

dull sound

浊音

hyperresonant

鼓音

rale

啰音

rhonchus, rhonchi

鼾音，干啰音

wheeze

哮鸣音

anorexia, loss of appetite

食欲不振，厌食

dysphagia

吞咽困难

eructation

嗳气

belching

嗳气

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flatulence

气胀

flatus

肠胃气，屁

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gaseous distention

胃胀气

hematemesis

呕血

hiccough, hiccup

打呃，呃逆

nausea

恶心

pyrosis

胃灼热

regurgitation

反胃，回流

thirsty

口渴

vomiting

呕吐

anal fissure, crack in the anal canal

肛裂

ascites

腹水

board-like rigidity of the abdomen

板状腹

decreased tactile fremitus

触觉性震颤减弱

exophageal varices

食管静脉曲张