surveys-normandy
汉译英
句子的翻译专题
1.
主语的确定
?
主语的三种处理方法:
?
①
以原句主语作译文主语
?
直接法
?
②
重新确定主语
?
间接法
?
③
增补主语
?
添加法
?
①
直接法
?
例句
1<
/p>
:我们的房子是一百多年前制造的。
?
Our house was
built over a hundred years ago.
?
例句
2<
/p>
:我是地球人。
?
I come from the
earth.
?
例句
3
:如果不恰当地处理,锅炉及机动车辆排出的废气就会造成城市空
气污染。
?
Exhaust
from
boilers
and
vehicles,
unless
properly
treated,
causes
air
pollution in cities.
?
例句
4<
/p>
:如果说,词汇是语言的“建筑材料”
,那么,句子便是文章的“
基
本部件”
。
?
If
vocabulary
is the
“
building
materials
”
for
language,
sentences
are the
“
fundamental
parts
”
of
writing.
?
例句
5
:中国有两点是靠得住的,一是讲原则,二是说话算数。
?
China
can be counted on.
Among other things, first, it upholds principles
and
second, it honors its words.
?
例句
6<
/p>
:人有失错,马有漏蹄。
?
As a horse may
tumble, a man may make mistakes.
?
非常简单
?
文化差异
?
应用有限
?
②
间接法
?
中英文表达的习惯不同
?
语言地道,句式多样
?
例句
7<
/p>
:世纪之交,中国外交空前活跃。
?
译法
1<
/p>
(直接法)
:
At
the
turn
of
the
century,
China
is
very
active
in
its
diplomatic activities.
?
译法
2<
/p>
(间接法)
:
The
turn
of
the
century
finds
China
most
active
on
the
diplomatic
arena.
?
例句
8
:
1964
年十月中国爆
炸了第一颗原子弹,使世界大为震惊。
?
译法
1
:
In
October, 1964, China blasted its first atomic
bomb, which shocked
the rest of the
world significantly.
?
译法
2
:
China
p>
’
s first atomic blast in
October, 1964 was a great shock to the
rest of the world.
?
例句
9<
/p>
:胎又瘪了。
?
译法
1<
/p>
:
We
’
ve
got another flat tire.
?
译法
2
:
Our
tire is flat again.
?
例句
10
:人不可貌相,海水不可斗量。
?
译法
1
:
It
is impossible to judge people from their
appearance, and impossible
to measure
the ocean by pints.
?
译法
2
:
We
cannot
judge
people
from
their
appearance,
just
as
we
cannot
measure the ocean by pints.
?
回忆:海纳百川,有容乃大。
?
③
增补法
?
推敲语境
?
考虑英语语法习惯和行文的需要。
?
例句
11
:沉默呵,沉默呵!不在沉默中爆发,就在沉默中灭亡。
?
Silence,
silence! Unless
we
burst
out,
we
shall perish in this
silence.
?
练习
1
:中国社会主义建设的航船将乘风破浪地驶向现代化的光辉彼岸。
p>
?
菜鸟级
?
The ship of
China
’
s socialist
construction will brave the wind and waves and
sail to the glorious destination of
modernization.
?
魔王级:
?
China will stride forward in building
socialism, like a ship braving the wind
and the waves, towards the glorious
destination of modernization.
?
练习
2<
/p>
:
我们之间关系的发展使我们不仅成为亲密的朋友,
而且成为兄弟。
?
菜鸟级:
?
The
development
of
our
relations
has
made
us
not
only
close
friends
but
brothers as well.
?
魔王级:
?
Our relations
have so grown that bind us not only as close
friends but also as
brothers.
?
练习
3<
/p>
:他心直口快,总是愿意和任何人交朋友,所以很快赢得了大家的
信任。
?
雏鸟级:
?
His outspokenness and readiness to make
friends with anyone soon won their
trust.
?
小妖级:
?
He was very outspoken and always ready
to make friends with anyone, so he
won
their trust.
?
大师级:
?
He
was
so
frank,
outspoken
and
constantly
willing
to
make
friends
with
anyone that he soon won their trust.
?
练习
4<
/p>
:中国的富强和发展不会对任何国家构成威胁。
?
菜鸟级:
?
The strength,
prosperity and development of China will pose no
threat to any
countries.
?
小妖级:
?
A strong,
prosperous and developed China will pose no threat
to any countries.
?
大师级:
?
The
rest
of
the
world
will
confront
no
threat
from
a
strong,
prosperous
and
developed China.
?
练习
5<
/p>
:轻纺工业产品的花色品种增多,质量继续有所提高。
?
菜鸟级
?
The designs and
variety of light industrial and textile products
have increased
and their quality has
continued to improve.
?
魔王级
?
Light
industry
and
textile
products
are
now
available
in
better
designs
and
quality and richer
variety.
?
口译:楼的质量不好
?
The quality of
the building is poor.
?
The building is not well built.
?
练习
6<
/p>
:天有不测风云,人有旦夕祸福。
?
Storms gather
without warning in nature and bad luck befalls men
overnight.
?
练习
p>
7
:真是太荒谬了。
?
It
’
s utterly
absurd.
?
练习
8
:只有冷静才能成功。
?
Success depends
on calm minds.
?
练习
9
:端午节吃粽子。
?
On
the Dragon Boat Festival, people eat zongzi.
?
练习
10
:上海近几年发生的巨大变化赢得了全世界人民的赞叹。
?
That Shanghai
has changed greatly in recent
years has
won admiration from
people all over the
world.
?
从句做主语
?
The fact that
?
2.
谓语确定和主谓一致
?
谓语的确定基于表意的需要
?
例句
1.
中国政府不干预香港特别行政区的事务。
?
The Central
Government has never intervened in the affairs of
the HKSAR.
?
The
Central
Government
has
refrained
from
intervening
in
the affairs of the
HKSAR.
?
< br>例句
2
:中国的经济将融入世界经济的大潮。
?
The
economy of China will converge with that of the
world economy.
?
The economy of China will merge into
the tide of the world economy.
?
China will
merge into the world tide in terms of economy.
?
例句
3<
/p>
:这事到了现在,还是时时记起。
?
Even now, I
still often think about it.
?
Even now, this
remains fresh in my memory.
?
例句
4<
/p>
:在同新闻界谈话的时候,上海人使用越来越多的最高级形容词。
?
You
can
hear
Shanghai
people
using
more
and
more
adjectives
of
the
superlative degree when they talk to
the press.
?
When
they talk to press, the Shanghai citizens use more
and more adjectives
of the superlative
degree.
?
例句
5
:
(颐和园)
1900
年遭八国联军破坏。
?
The
summer
palace
was
reduced
to
ruins
by
the
allied
forces
of
the
eight
foreign powers in 1990.
?
The summer
palace
suffered
ravage
in
the hands of the allied forces of
the
eight foreign powers in
1990.
?
< br>例句
6
:她们逐渐地镇定下来,有了自信。
?
They
gradually calm down with self-confidence restored.
?
Gradually, they
calmed down and regained self-confidence.
?
Self-confidence
came over them as they gradually calmed down.
?
例句
7<
/p>
:封建社会代替奴隶社会,资本主义代替封建主义,社会主义经历
了一个过程发展后必然代替资本主义。
?
Feudal society
replace
slavery society,
capitalism
supplanted
feudalism, and
after a long time,
socialism will necessarily
supersede
capitalism.
?
例句
8<
/p>
:第一次是辛亥革命,第二次是中华人民共和国的成立,第三次是
改革开放。
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