掘锚机-pangaea
Do you find getting up in the morning so
difficult that it’s painful? This might be called
laziness,
but Dr. Kleitman has a new
explanation. He has proved that everyone has a
daily energy cycle.
During the hours
when you labor through your work you may say that
you’re “hot”. That’s true.
The time of
day when you feel most energetic is when your
cycle of body temperature is at its
peak, For some people the peak comes
during the forenoon. For others it comes in the
afternoon
or evening. No one has
discovered why this is so, but it leads to such
familiar monologues as:
“
Get up, John!
You
’
ll be late for work
again!
”
The
possible explanation to the trouble is that
John is at his temperature-and-energy
peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends
when
husbands and wives realize what
these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each
member of the
family has.
You cant change your energy cycle, but
you can learn to make your life fit it better.
Habit can help,
Dr. Kleitman believes.
Maybe youre sleepy in the evening but feel you
must stay up late anyway.
Counteractyour
cycle
to
some
extent
by
habitually
staying
up
later
than
you
want
to.
If
our
energy is low in the morning but you
have an important job to do early in the day, rise
before
your usual hour. This
won
’
t change your cycle, but
you
’
ll get up
steam(
鼓起干劲
) and work
better at your low point.
Get off to a slow start which saves
your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and
stretch. Sit on
the edge of the bed a
minute before putting your feet on the floor.
Avoid the troublesome search
for clean
clothes by laying them out the night before.
Whenever possible, do routine work in the
afternoon and save tasks requiring more
energy or concentration for your sharper hours.
31. If a person
finds getting up early a problem, most probably
______.
A) he is a lazy person
B) he refuses to follow his own energy
cycle
C) he is not sure
when his energy is low
D) he is at his
peak in the afternoon or evening
32. Which of the following
may lead to family quarrels according to the
passage?
A) Unawareness of energy
cycles.
B) Familiar monologues.
C) A change in a family member’s energy
cycle.
D) Attempts to
control the energy cycle of other family members.
33. If one
wants to work more efficiently at his low point in
the morning, he should _____.
A) change his
energy cycle
C) get up earlier than
usual
B)
overcome his laziness
D)
go to bed
earlier
34. You
are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch
because it will ______.
A) help to keep
your energy for the day’s work
B) help you to control your temper
early in the day
C) enable you to
concentrate on your routine work
D) keep your energy cycle under control
all day
35.
Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
A) Getting off to work with a minimum
effort helps save one’s energy.
B) Dr. Kleitman explains why people
reach their peaks at different hours of day.
C) Habit helps a person adapt to his
own energy cycle.
D) Children have
energy cycles, too.
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the
following passage:
Just
seven
years
ago,
the
Jarvik-7
artificial
heart
was
being
cheered
as
the
model
of
human
creativeness. The sight of Barney
Clark
——
alive and conscious
after trading his diseased heart for
a
metal-and-plastic
pump
——
convinced the press,
the public and many doctors that the future
had arrived. It hadn't. After
monitoring production of the Jarvik-7, and
reviewing its effects on
the 150 or so
patients (most of whom got the device as a
temporary measure) the U.S. Food and
Drug Administration concluded that the
machine was doing more to endanger lives than to
save
them. Last week the agency
cancelled its earlier approval, effectively
banning (
禁止
) the device.
The
recall
may
hurt
Symbion
Inc.,
maker
of
the
Jarvik-7,
but
it
won't
end
the
request
for
an
artificial heart. One
problem with the banned mode is that the tubes
connecting it to an external
power
source
created
a
passage
for
infection.
Inventors
are
now
working
on
new devices
that
would
be
fully
placed,
along
with
a
tiny
power
pack,
in
the
patient's
chest.
The
first
sample
products aren't
expected for another 10 or 20 years. But some
people are already worrying that
they'll work
——
and
that America's overextended health-care programs
will lose a precious $$2.5
billion to $$5
billion a year providing them for a relatively few
dying patients. If such expenditures
(
开支
)
cut
into
funding
for
more
basic
care,
the
net
effect
could
actually
be
a
decline
in
the
nation's health.
31. According to the
passage, the Jarvik-7 artificial heart proved to
be _____.
A)
a
technical
failure
B)
a
technical
wonder
C)
a
good
life-saver
D)
an
effective
means
to
treat
heart disease
32. From the passage we know that
Symbion Inc. _____.
A) has been banned
by the government from producing artificial hearts
B) will review the effects of
artificial hearts before designing new models
C) may continue to work on new models
of reliable artificial hearts
D) can
make new models of artificial hearts available on
the market in 10 to 20 years
33. The new models of
artificial hearts are expected _____.
A) to have a working life of 10 or 20
years
B) to be set fully in the
patient's chest
C) to be equipped with
an external power source
D) to create a
new passage for infection
34. The word
A) doctors who
treat heart diseases
B) makers of
artificial hearts
C) America's health-
care programs
D) new models of
artificial hearts
35. Some people feel that _____.
A) artificial hearts are seldom
effective
B) the country should not
spend so much money on artificial hearts
C) the country is not spending enough
money on artificial hearts
D) America's
health-care programs are not doing enough for the
nation's health
7
、
（
1
分）
Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England
in 1821, and moved to New York City when she was
ten
years
old.
One
day
she
decided
that
she
wanted
to
become
a
doctor.
That
was
nearly
impossible
for
a
woman
in
the
middle
of
the
nineteenth
century.
After
writing
many
letters
asking
for
admission(
录取
)
to
medical
schools,
she
was
finally
accepted
by
a
doctor
in
Philadelphia. She was so
determined that she taught school and gave music
lessons to get money
for the cost of
schooling.
In 1849, after graduation
from medical school. she decided to further her
education in Paris.
She
wanted
to
be
a
surgeon(
外科医师
)
,
but
a
serious
eye
problem
forced
her
to
give
up
the
idea.
Upon returning to the United States,
she found it difficult to start her own practice
because
she
was
a
woman.
By 1857
Elizabeth
and
her
sister,
also
a
doctor,
along
with
another
woman
doctor, managed to
open a new hospital, the first for women and
children Besides being the first
woman
physician
and
founding
her
own
hospital
,
she
also
set
up
the
first
medical
school
for
women.
1. Why couldn
’t Elizabeth
Blackwell realize her dream of becoming a
surgeon?
A. She couldn’t get
admitted to medical school
B. She decided
to further her education in Paris
C. A serious
eye problem stopped her
D. It was difficult for her
to start a practice in the United States
2. What main
obstacle(
障碍
) almost
destroyed Elizabeth
’
s
chances for becoming for a doctor?
A. She was a
woman.
B. She wrote too many letters.
C.
She couldn’t graduate from medical
school.
D. She couldn’t set up her
hospital
.
3. How many years
passed between her graduation from medical school
and the opening of her
hospital?
A.
Eight years
B. Ten years
C.
Nineteen years
D.
Thirty-six years
4.
According to the passage, all of the following are
“firsts” in
the life of Elizabeth
Blacekwell,
except that she ______.
A. became the
first woman physician
B. was the first woman
doctor
C. and several other women founded the
first hospital for women and children
D. set up the
first medical school for women
5.
Eilzabeth Blackwell spent most of her lift in
_______.
A. England
B. Paris
C.
the United States
D.
New York City