八年级上册英语翻译高物理中英文对照表

高一物理名词概念规律集合（中英文对照）

力学

力学

力

力是物体间的作用

力的图示

力有大小和方向

牛顿

动力和阻力

重力

重量

弹簧秤

重心

质

量

分

布

均

匀

的

物

体

（匀质物体）

，

重心 的位

置只跟物体的形状有关

弹力

拉力，压力和支持力

形变

弹性限度

拉伸形变，压缩形变，

弯曲形变，扭转形变

压力的方向垂直于支持

The direction of a pressure is perpendicular to the supporting surface

and points to the pressed object, while the direction of a supporting

1 / 8

elastic force

full, pressure and supporting force

deformation

elastic limit

stretched

deformation,

pressed

deformation,

bending

deformation,

twist deformation

mechanics

force

Force is the interaction of objects.

force diagram

A force has both a magnitude and a direction.

Newton

motive force and resistance

gravitational force

weight

a spring balance

center of gravity or gravitational center

For

a

body

with

homogeneously

distributed

mass

(homogeneous

body), the location of its gravitational center depends on its shape.

面指向被压的物体，支

持力的方向垂直于支持

面指向被 支持的物体

胡克定律

force

is

perpendicular

to

the

supporting

surface

but

points

to

the

supported object.

Hook’s law: Th

e extension of a piece of wire is directly proportional

to

the

applied

force

providing

the

limit

of

proportionality

is

not

exceeded.

frictional force

sliding frictional force

The direction of the sliding frictional force is always tangential to the

surfaces

in

contact

and

is

opposite

to

the

direction

of

the

relative

motion.

摩擦力

滑动摩擦力

滑动摩擦力的方向总是< /p>

跟接触面相切，并且跟

物体相对运动的方向相

反

滑动摩擦力跟压力成正

比

动摩擦因数

滚动摩擦

静摩擦力

静摩擦力的方向总是跟

接触因相切，并且跟物

体相对运动趋势的方向

相反

最大静摩擦力

力的合成

The sliding frictional force is directly proportional to the pressure.

the dynamic friction factor

rolling friction

static frictional force

The direction of the static frictional force is always tangential to the

contacting surfaces and is in the opposite direction to the tendency of

the relative motion.

the maximum static frictional force

composition of forces

2 / 8

合力

共点力

resultant (force)

concurrent forces: If a number of forces act on the same point of an

object, or their lines of application intersect at a

common point, the

forces are called the concurrent forces.

equivalent and substitution of force

the parallelogram rule

Vector and Scalar

resolution of force

component

mechanical motion

reference system

mass point

locus

rectilinear motion

curvilinear motion

moment and time interval

displacement and distance

uniform rectilinear motion: If an object is moving along a straight line

and travels an equal distance in an equal time intervals, this motion is

called uniform rectilinear motion.

distance-tine graph

variable straight-line motion

velocity and speed

Average velocity and instantaneous velocity

instantaneous speed or speed

力的等效替代

平行四边行定则

矢量和标量

力的分解

分力

运动学

机械运动

参考系

质点

轨迹

直线运动

曲线运动

时刻和时间

位移和路程

匀速直线运动

位移

< br>-

时间图像

变速直线运动

速度和速率

平均速度和瞬时速度

速率

3 / 8

< br>速度

-

时间图像

匀变速直线运动

velocity-time graph

uniform variable rectilinear motion: If the changes of the velocity are

equal in equal time in variable rectilinear motion, the motion is called

uniform variable rectilinear motion.

acceleration

initial velocity

final velocity

free-fall motion

free-fall acceleration or gravitational acceleration

加速度

初速度

末速度

自由落体运动

自由落体加速度，重力

加速度

牛顿运动定律

牛顿第一定律

Newton’s laws of motion

Newton’s first law of motion: All objects continue to be in its stat

e of

uniform

rectilinear

motion

or

state

of

rest

until

being

compelled

to

change its states by some forces.

Newton’s second law of motion: The acceleration of an object is in

direct

proportion

to

the

resultant

force

acting

on

it

and

in

inverse

proportion to the mass, the acceleration is in the same direction as

the resultant.

Newton’s third law of motion: The action and reaction forces of two

bodies

are

always

equal

in

magnitude,

opposite

in

direction

and

acting on the same straight line.

inertia: The inertia of a body only depends on its mass.

hypothetical experiments

kinematics

dynamics

air cushion guide

fundamental units and derived units

overweight and weightlessness

，

complete weightlessness

牛顿第二定律

牛顿第三定律

惯性

理想实验

运动学

动力学

气垫导轨

基本单位和导出单位

超重和失重，完全失重

4 / 8