关键词不能为空

当前您在: 主页 > 英语 >

新来的大学英语四级选词填空练习 附详细答案

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-01-28 02:04
tags:

新来的-大量的英语

2021年1月28日发(作者:举人)



There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested inspelling .No school


I have taught in has ever _____ spelling or considered it unimportantas a basic skill. There are,


however , vastly different ideas about how to teach it , or howmuch _____ it must be given over


general language development and writing ability. Theproblem is , how to encourage a child to


express himself freely and _____ in writing without holding him back with the complexities of


spelling?If spelling become th


e only focal point of his teacher’s interest, clearly a __4__child will


be likely to “play safe”. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range,choosing to


avoid


__5__


language.


That’s


why


teachers


often


__6__


the


early


use


ofdictionaries


and


pay


attention


to


content


rather


than


technical


ability.I


was


once


shocked


to


read


on


the bottom


of


a


sensitive piece of writing abouta personal experience



“ This work is __7__ !There are far too


many spelling errors andyour writing is illegible(


难以辨认的



).” It may have been a sharP__8__


of the pupil’stechnical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had


omittedto read the ess


ay, which __9__ some beautiful expressions of the child’s


teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centredon the child’s


ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would havegiven the pupil more


__10__ to seek improvement.





A)priority




B)criticism


C)contained


D)clearlyE)adventurous


F




discourage


G)motivation




H)terribleI)ignored


J)difficult




K)encourage


L)expressedM)confidently




N)bright O)motive L)expressed






Answers:





1.




I





由该句中的



has


可知,此处应填动词过去式,且表达的含义应和后面的



consider…unimportant


相近,故应排除



contained




expressed


而选择



ignored







2.




A





此处应填名词,但能与后面



over


构成固定搭配的名词只有



priority


,故


排除





criticism




motivation







3.




M).


由空格前面的



and


可知,此处应填副词和



freely


并列。从句意来理解,在


没有拼写困难的情况下,怎样鼓励学生自由且



……


地表达自己,选项中只有



confidently



自信地< /p>



符合题意。






4.




N





很明显这里应填形容词,选项中



terrible




difficult


后接事物名词



something



只有



adventurous




bright


可用来形容



somebody




child )



再由后面的


play

< p>
safe“


不冒险



,可 排除


adventurous


而选择


b right







5.




E





由前一句中的



be likely to “ play safe ”


和空格前的



avoid


可以推知,


此处所


填词的意思应与


play safe


表达的意思相反,故选项 中只有


adventurous


符合题意。





6.




K





很明显此处应填动词的一般现在时,可选项有



encourage




persuade





That’s why


知本句与前一句构成因果关系,而前一 句说的是学生往往会用他们拼写范围


内的词写文章,


从而选择避 免用那些不会的词,


故由此可推知此句应理解为老师鼓励学生用


字典,因此排除



persuade


而选


encourage







7.




H





此处应填形容词。由空格后面的



too many spelling errors



illegible


可知,


这篇文章是写的很 糟,而不是很难理解。故排除


difficult


而选


terrible







8.




B





此处应填名词。由后半句中



a sad reflection on the teacher


可知,前半句是


在指责学生,故选项中只有


criticism


符合题意。






9.




C





此处填动词过去式,本句中由



which


引导的从句是对



essay


的解释,剩


余选项中



contained




expressed


,根据句意,文章



……


儿童内心感受的一些好的表达,




故只有



contained


符合题意。






10.




G





此处应 填名词。根据句意,如果老师更注重学生思想的表达的话,会给


学生更大的动力去寻求提 高;故排除



motive “


动机, 原因



而选



motivation





As


is


known


to


all,


the


organization


and


management


of


wages


and


salaries


are


very


complex.


Generally


speaking,


the


Accounts


Department


is


__1__


for


calculations


of


pay,


while


the


Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.





If a firm wants to __2__ a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should


decide on a __3__ of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In


order


to


be


__4__,


that


new


pay


structure


will


need


agreement


between


Trade


Unions


and


employers.


In


job


evaluation,


all


of


the


requirements


of


each


job


are


defined


in


a


detailed


job


description.


Each


of


thsoe


requirements


is


given


a


value,


usually


in



which


are


__5__


together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is


used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their __6__ to


solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for


managers are often decided without __7__ to an evaluation system based on points.





In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should __8__ the value of


each job with these in the job market. __9__, payment for a job should vary with any differences


in the way that the job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the works


done with hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen, for __10__ workers, where


measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.





[A]compare





[B]responsible





[C]useful





[D]added





[E]find





[F]reference





[G]indirect





[H]method





[I]successful





[J]combined





[K]Necessarily





[L]capacity





[M]ability





[N]Basically





[O]adopt







Answers:





1.



B


此处应填形容词。原文意思为



会计部 门


...


计算报酬


< br>,选项中的形容词


responsible“


负责任的< /p>




useful“

有用的




indirect“< /p>


间接的




su ccessful“


成功的




其中


indirect


不能与


for


连用,排除;剩余几项中只有


B



responsible


意义符合原句,其他均不符 合,故


排除。






2.



O


此 处应填动词原形。本文主题就是采用一种新的工资和薪水制度时需要注意的




问题,选项中的动词原形有


comp are“


比较



find“


找到




adopt“


采纳



,分别 带入原文,只



adopt


最符合原文 意思,故选


O).





3.



H


此处应填名词。从原文看,


and


连接 并列结构,所以要填的词应与


and


后面的

ways


意思一致,选项中的名词只有


mathod = ways


,故选


H


< br>method







4.



I


此 处应填形容词。


上文说新的工资制度需要一套决定工作评估和衡量雇员表现的

< p>
方法,


说的是制度



是否 有用



的问题。


这句说的时新的工资制 度执行过程中的问题,


劳资双


方先期达成一致是薪酬制度成功的 必要条件。


形容词


useful



successful



I



seccessful


更符


合原文意思。






5.



D


此处应填动词。


这个动词的宾语是


po in


t“


分值




把分值


...


起来


to give a total value


得出总分值



选项中有


added

< p>


combined



前 者指




...


相加




后者意为

< br>“



...


结合在一起




原文指将分值相加得出总分,故

< p>
D



added


最符合文 意。






6.



M


此处应填名词。首先


solve


pr oblem“


解决问题



是经理们应具 备的能力,选项中



capacity



ability


都可以表示



能力



;前者强调的是理解的能力和接受事物 的能力,


而后


者强调实际应用的能力,故不难判断解决问题的能 力应该用


M



ability







7.



F


此处应填名词。前半句指出



因为管理 工作很难评估,经理的工作得分不需要参


照基于分值的评估系统决定。

< br>”without reference to


为固定搭配,意思是




...


无关

< p>


。故选


F


< p>
reference







8.



A


此 处应填动词原形。


原句中出现了


the value of each job“


每种工作的价值




these


in the job market“


工作市场上的(工作价值)



,说明人事部门 通过比较两种价值来计算工资


制度。选项中只有


compare


表示



比较



,所以


A


)正确。





9.



K


此 处应填副词,修饰整句话。



报酬要随工作表现各方面的不同而 有所改变




选项中

< br>Necessarily“


必须地



Basically“


基本地



为副词,


分别带入原文,


< p>
报酬


...


的变化是必


须 的



更符合上下文意思,故排除


N),



K)







10.



G


此处应填形容词。前文中提到一种情况即


simple to measure the work done


易于


评估的工作



,通常用现金奖励办法;而


...me asurement is difficult“


难于评估的



,说明这些工


作人员的工作不像手工工作那么直接,因而是间 接的,故选项中只有


G



indire ct


符合原句


的意思。






Many


a


young


person


tells


me


he


wants


to


be


a


writer.


I


always


__1__


such


people,


but


I


also


explain


that


there’sa


big


difference


between



a


writer


and


writing.


In


most


cases


these


individuals are dreaming of __2__ and


fame, notthe long hours alone at a typewriter.


to want to write,


private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there arethousands more whose


longing


is


never


__4__.


When


I


left


a


20-year


career


in


the


US.


Coast


Guard


to


become


a


freelanc ewriter(


自由撰稿人


), I had no __5__ at all. What I did have was a friend who found me


my room in a New York apartment building. It didn’t even matter that it was __6__and had no


bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and feltlike a __7__ a year


or so, however, I still hadn’t gotten a break and began to __8__ myself. It was so hard to sell a


storythat


__9__


made


enough


to


eat.


But


I


knew


I


wanted


to


write.


I


had


dreamed


about


it


for


years. I wasn’t going to be one ofthose people who die wondering, what if? I would keeo putting


my


dream


to


the


test----even


though


it


meant


living


with


__10__and


fear


of


failure.


This


is


the


Shadow


land


of


hope,


and


anyone


with


a


dream


learn


to


live


there.A)


barely


B)


genuine


C)




rewarded D) doubtE) lonely F) poverty G) persuade H) prospectsI) uncertainty J)impossibly


K)


encourage L)awardedM) alone N)wealth O)cold








Answers:1.


< p>
K)




此处应填动词的原形。可选项有


doubt,


persuade,


encourage,


但由


always


推知,作者是在鼓励那些想要成为作 家的人,而不是怀疑也不是说服,故排除


doubt



persuade


而选


encourage







2.



N)


。由空格后的


fame


可知,此处应填 名词。可选项有


prospects



wealth


,但由


dreaming of


与第二段中


The reality is... poor- paying


可推知,


那些想当作家的人梦想的是金钱


和名誉,而不是前途,故排除


prospects


而选


wealth







3.< /p>



E)



此处应 填形容词,


private, poor-paying


一起修 饰


affair



选项中有

< p>
lonely



alone,

能修饰


affair


的只有


lon ely,alone


表示



孤独的



时,通常作表语,故排除


alone


而选


lonely







4 .



C)


。此处应填动词的被动形式。 可选项有


rewarded



awar ded,


前者可表示



(为所


希望的举动得到的)回报



,后者作动词时表示



颁发,授予



,故只有


rewarded


符合题意而


排除


awarded







5.< /p>



H)



此处应 填名词。



当我辞别了我在美国海岸警卫队

20


年工作成为一个自由撰稿


人时,没有任何


......


可言



,可选 项有


prospects



wealt h


,但


wealth


一般指抽象意义上 的





”< /p>


,因此排除


wealth


而选

< p>
prospects“


前途







6.



O)



it


指代的是


apartment building




had no bathroom


可知这个公寓条件很差,


< br>项中只有


cold


能说明公寓的条件差,故选择


O)cold







7.


选< /p>


B)




我马上 买了一台旧的手动打字机,感觉自己就好像是一个


......


的作家



,由前


面提到的


to become a freelance writer


可推知,


此处作者是想成为一个真正的作家,


故选项中


只有


genuine“


真正的



符合题意。






8.



D)



由空格前的


to

可知,


此处应填动词的原形。


可选项有

doubt,persuade,encourage,


但由


still hadn’t gotten a break


在写作上还没有任何进展



,所以此处应理解为他开始怀疑自


己 的选择是否正确,故


doubt


符合文意。





9.



A)



that


从句结构完整,后面有


made


,故此处应填副词。可选项有


barely



impossibly


,因


that

< br>引导的从句是对


story


的解释,再由


hard


一词可推知,此处应填的副词


应表达肯定的意 思,故排除


impossibly


而选


barely“


仅仅,刚刚







< p>
10.



I)


。由空格后 的


and


可知,此处应填名词。由


fe ar


of


failure


可知,所 填词应表示


不好的境遇,可选项有


poverty



uncertainty;


又由

< br>fear


可推知,此处强调的是生活的变化无


常,而不是 生活的贫困,故选


uncertainty


< br>




Britain is not just one country and one people; even if some of its inhabitants think so. Britain is,


in


fact,


a


nation


which


can


be


divided


into


several


__1__


parts,


each


part


being


an


individual


country with its own language, character and cultural __2__. Thus Scotland, Northern Ireland and


Wales do not claim to __3__ to


are Scottish, Irish or Welsh and many of them prefer to speak their own native tongue, which in


turn is __5__ to the others.





These


cultural


minorities(


少数民族


)


have


been


Britain’s


original


inhabitants.


In


varying


degrees


they


have


managed


to


__6__


their


national


characteristics,


and


their


particular


customs


and way of life. This is probably even more ture of the __7__ areas where traditional ife has not


been so affected by the __8__ of industrialism as the border areas have been. The Celtic races are




said


to


be


more


emotional


by


nature


than


the


English.


An


Irish


temper


is


legendary.


The


Scots


could rather __9__ about their reputation for excessive thrift and prefer to be remembered for their


folk songs and dances, while the Welsh are famous for their singing. The Celtic __10__ as a whole


produces humorous writers and artists, such as the Irish Bernard Shaw, the Scottish Robert Burns,


and the Welsh Dylan Thomas, to mention but a few.





[A]incomprehensible





[B]temper





[C]remote





[D]separate





[E]understandable





[F]forget





[G]generally





[H]temperament





[I]preserve





[J]strictly





[K]traditional





[L]reserve





[M]growth





[N]apply





[O]belong







Answers:





1.




D< /p>


此处应填形容词,修饰名词


parts


。 文章首句即提出观点


Britain


is


not


just


one


country and one people“


英国不只是 一个国家和一个民族



,又从后文的


i nvided into, each part


以及


Individual country


可知英国被分成几个分离的部分,


选项中只有


s eparate


表达了这个意


思,故


D


)正确。






2.



< /p>


K


此处应填名词。


选项中有四个词


temper, temperament, traditions



growth,


语言等


是一个民族的 文化传统,故这里应该填


K



trad itions


,其他几个名词不符合上下文。






3.




O< /p>


此处应填动词原形。前文中说明英国被分成独立的几部分,各自保存自己的文


化传统;后文中


because...


说明苏格兰、 北爱尔兰以及威尔士的居民不承认自己是


“English”



说明他们并不承认自己属于


“England”



故这里应该选择


O



belong



apply

< br>也可以和


to


连用,



apply to


表示




...


应用于


< br>,不符合上下文意思。






4.



< /p>


J


此处应填形容词或副词。选项中的副词有


generally



strictly

,文中要表达的意


思是因为这几个部分都有自己的语言和文化传统,


所以严格来说,


他们不是


“English”



但他


们都属于


Eng lish


。故


J


strictly


符合文意。


generally“


一般地,大体地



放在原文意义上不够


严谨。三个形容词不能使语义通顺。






5.




A


从前文中


prefer to speak their own native tongue


即苏格兰语、苏格兰语 和威尔士


语,那么这些语言对


the others

< p>
(见注释


1


)来说是陌生的,听不懂的。那么就不 难从选项中



incomprehensible



understandable


中选择前者,故< /p>


A



incomprehensible “


不能理解的



确。






6.




I



manage

< br>to


结构可知此处要填的是动词原形。选项中的动词原形还有

forget



preserve



reserve



从下文中


traditional life has not been so affected,< /p>


可知他们成功地保存了自


己的传统,


排除


forget



reserve



presserve


都有

< br>“


保存



的意思,


前者指存留起来以派别的用



场,后者指想办法保持原样,强调抵制破坏因素,故


I


)< /p>


preserve


符合文意。






7.




C


此处应填形容词。从后文


where traditional life has not been so affected by the ... of


industrialis


人们的传统生活受工 业化


...


的影响没有那么大的地方


< /p>


可以推知,


这些地方是比较


偏远的地方, 选项中的


C



remote“


偏僻的,遥远的



符合上下文意思。

< p>





8.




Mborder area“


边界地区



的工业化发展的比


remote area

< br>要快,


所以此处要填的词是


表示上升、增长的词,表示工 业化的发展,选项


M



growth“


增长,发展



符合上下文意思。






9.




Fwould rather



pre fer


意思相同,


后面是宁愿让人记住他们的好的东西:


民歌,



蹈等。前面说的是过分节俭的坏名声 ,所以填入动词的意思应该与


remember


意思相反,选< /p>


项中的


F



fo rget


符合上下文意思。






10.



H


此处应填名词。选项中的名词还有


temper



temperament


。前者指脾气,指情


绪上的 主要特征,后者指特征、


气质,尤指带感


******


彩的个性和在社交上的个性。


这里指


的是整个凯 尔特民族的特征,故


H



temper ament


正确。





The


first


modern


Olympic


Games


was


held


in


Athens


(雅典


)in


1896and


only


twelve


nations


participated.


Besides


the


host


nationman


participants


were


tourists


who


__1__


to


be


in


Greece


atthe time. Though the whole affair was __2__ and the standardwas not high, the old principle of


amateur sport was kept then the games had been held every four yearsexcept during the


__3__ of the two World War. This was __4__ adeparture from the old Olympic spirit when wars


had


to


stoPandmake


way


for


the



games


have


grown


enormously


in


scale


and


__5__performances


have


now


reached


unprecedented


unately


the


same


cannot


be


said


about


their


__6__


d


of


Olympia,


the


modern


games


are


now


held


in


differentcities all over the


world. Inevitably politics and commercialismget involvedas countries


vie


each


other


for(




......



< br>相




)


the


__7__


to


hold


the


games


because


of


the


politicalprestige and commercial profit to be __8__ out of them. Inthe 11 th games held in Berlin


in 1936, Hitler who had newlycome to __9__ in Germany tried to use the occasion for hisNazi


propaganda.


For


the


first


time


the


Olympic


flame


wasbrought


all


the


way


from


Olympia


to


the


games


site


in


relays,a


marathon


journey


now


often


taking


months


to


__10__.A)


honour


B)


accomplish C) had D) moralE) arrive F) occured G) end H) power I) happened J) definitely K)


Physical L) informalM) interruption N) especially O) irregular






ANSWERS :





1.



I


< /p>


空格中要填词为


who


引导的定语从句中 的谓语动词,可知此处应填动词的过去


式。可选项有


had,


occurred



happened ,


首先空格所在的


who


引导的定语从 句修饰的是


tourists“


游客




happened to be in Greece“


碰巧在希腊



是符合这样的语境的,而


had to “


不得


< br>”



occur to


表示



想起,想到



都 不能使句意通顺。






2.



L


< /p>


and


引导两个意思相近的并列结构,



the standard was not high“


标准 不高



可知,


此处要填的是和


not high


语气一致的形容词,


再由前两 句可知,


参赛的国家很少并且有很多


很多游客参加了比赛,


这说明这次比赛没有那么正式,


选项中只有


informal


符合题意。


选项


ir regular


则一般表示



(形状) 不规则的,


(安排)无规律的



,与句 意不符,故排除。






3.



M


< /p>


从句中的


except


可知在两次世界大 战中没有比赛,


说明的是奥运会因战争而中


断。选项中有


end



interruption


可表示停止,


end“


终断


,表示某事中断后不再继续,


interruption “


中断



,表示某事中断后仍然继续, 故选择


interruption





新来的-大量的英语


新来的-大量的英语


新来的-大量的英语


新来的-大量的英语


新来的-大量的英语


新来的-大量的英语


新来的-大量的英语


新来的-大量的英语



本文更新与2021-01-28 02:04,由作者提供,不代表本网站立场,转载请注明出处:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao/576157.html

大学英语四级选词填空练习 附详细答案的相关文章