enclosures2020届闵行区高三英语二模(含答案)

闵行区

2019

学年第二学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷

考生注意：

1.

考试时间

120

分钟，试卷满分

140

分。

2.

本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题） 或写（非选择题）

在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3.

答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。

I.

Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions:

In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation,

a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you

hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the

best answer to the question you have heard.

1.

A. A cook.

B. A dentist.

C. A surgeon.

D. A technician.

2.

A. She’d like to have the

windows open.

C. The air is heavily polluted.

B. She likes to have the air conditioner on.

D. The windows are already open.

B. Painting skills.

D. Room decoration.

B. She does enjoy spicy food.

D. She

doesn’t

like the food the man prepared.

B. They were sent to the wrong address.

D. They were found to be of the wrong

t

ype.

B. The broken down computer.

D. The bad telephone service.

C. Its material.

D. Its appearance.

3.

A. Art attraction.

C. Furniture quality.

4.

A. She appreciates the

man’s

effort.

C. She is annoyed with the man.

5.

A. They can’t fit into

the machine.

C. They have not been delivered yet.

6.

A. The long waiting time.

C. The mistakes in her telephone bill.

7.

A. Its quality.

B. Its price.

8.

A. Walk in the countryside.

C. Go shopping.

B. Do some exercise.

D. Wash some dresses.

B. He’s just had his picture

taken.

D. He’s just returned from a job

interview.

9.

A. He’s

going to visit a photo studio.

C. He’s on the way to

the theater.

10.

A. He doesn’t want Jenny to get into

trouble.

B.

He doesn’t agree with the woman’s remark.

C.

He thinks Jenny’s

workload too heavy at college.

D.

He believes most college students are running wild.

第

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17

页

Section B

Directions:

In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several

questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the

questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide

which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage

.

11.

A. Attend expert

growers’

lectures.

C. Plant fruit trees in an

orchard

(

果园

).

12.

A. It is a new variety.

C. It is rarely seen now.

B. Visit fruit-loving families.

D. Taste many kinds of apples.

B. It is the best variety for eating quality.

D. It needs perfect soil to grow.

B. To introduce an apple festival.

D. To attract more people to visit Britain.

13.

A. To show how to grow apples.

C. To help people select apples.

Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.

14.

A. Lack of sleep could lead to health problems.

B.

Lack of sleep affects adults more than children.

C.

Sleep problems are one of the leading causes of obesity.

D.

The amount of sleep people need changes with age.

15.

A. Less sleep is needed when they enter adolescent

stage.

B.

Ideally, they need eight hours of sleep a night.

C.

They may have difficulty falling asleep before 11:00 pm.

D.

They often wake up at midnight due to biological changes.

16.

A. The amount of sleep and academic performance.

B.

A comparison of different time to start school.

C.

Stu

dents’ sleeping time and social

behavior.

D.

A beneficial change of school starting time.

Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.

17.

A. Extreme sports.

C.

Human’s

potential.

B. City life.

D. Danger and safety.

B. They prefer danger to safety.

D. They are bored with the traditional ones.

C. Positive.

D. Neutral.

18.

A. They like to stay isolated.

C. They want to know their potential.

19.

A. Objective.

B. Negative.

20.

A. It’s interesting

and challenging.

C. It enables people to face fears.

B. It is dangerous and needs no skills.

D. It only stimulates individualism.

第

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17

页

II.

Grammar and vocabulary

Section A

Directions:

After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.

For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one

word that best fits each blank.

A Brief History of Chopsticks

We’ve discussed the story of the knife and fork, but there’s another set of

utensils

(

器皿

) used by billions of people

around the world

—

and it has a truly ancient past. The Chinese have been using chopsticks since at least 1200 B.C., and

by A.D. 500 the chopsticks

(21)

beginnings (22)

(sweep)

the

Asian

continent

from

Vietnam

to

Japan.

From

their

humble

cooking

utensils

to

paper-

wrapped

bamboo

sets

at

the

sushi

counter,

there’s

more

to

chopsticks than meets the eye.

Chopsticks

(23)

(develop) about 5,000 years ago in China. The (24)

(early)

versions

were

probably

twigs used to get food from cooking pots. When resources became scarce, around 400 BC, crafty chefs figured out (25)

to

conserve

fuel

by

cutting

food

into

small

pieces

so

it

would

cook

more

quickly.

This

new

method of

cooking made it unnecessary to have knives at the dinner table

—

a practice that also matched the non-violent teachings of

Confucius

(

孔子

), (26)

expressed in one of his numerous quotations: “The honorable and upright man

keeps

well away from both the

slaughterhouse

(

屠宰场

) and the kitchen. And he allows no knives on his

table.” As

a vegetarian,

Confucius believed that

knives’

sharp points

evoked

(

诱发

) violence, (27)

(kill) the happy, contented mood that eaters

should be in during meals. Thanks in part to his teachings, chopstick use quickly became widespread throughout

A

sia.

Different cultures adopted different chopstick styles. Perhaps in a nod to Confucius, Chinese chopsticks featured a

blunt rather than pointed end. In Japan, chopsticks were 8 inches long for men and 7 inches long for women. In 1878 the

Japanese became the

first (28)

(create) the disposable set, typically made of bamboo or wood. Wealthy diners

could eat with ivory, jade,

coral or brass versions, while the

most privileged used silver sets.

It was believed

that the

silver would turn black (29)

it came into contact with poisoned food.

Throughout history, chopsticks have enjoyed a symbiotic relationship with another basic food of Asian cuisine: rice.

At first glance, you’d think that rice wouldn’t make the cut, but in Asia most rice is of the short

- or medium-grain variety.

The

starches

(

淀粉质食品

) in these rices create a cooked product that is sticky and clumpy, unlike the fluffy and distinct

grains of Western long-grain rice. (30)

match made in heaven.

chopsticks come together to lift steaming bundles of sticky rice, it’s a

Section B

Directions:

Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that

第

3

页

共

17

页

there is one word more than you need.

A. label

E. implement

I. entry

B. bears

F. guaranteed

J. nationalized

C. burdened

G. presented

K. ground

D. illustrates

H. hit

The “Penny Black”, the first postage stamp issued in Britain and, more

importantly,

the

first

postage

stamp

issued

anywhere,

31

the

image

of

Queen

Victoria,

but

the

first

British

postal service did not originate in Victorian England. In 1680, William Dockwra started a public

service that 32 the quick delivery of a letter anywhere in London. His system was quickly

33

with

Dockwra

in

charge.

It

was

far

from

a

perfect

system,

34

with

seemingly

improper

charges that made it unreasonably expensive to send a letter. Worse still, recipients were

expected to pay. As you might imagine, this 35 some problems

—either people weren’t home or flat

-out refused to pay.

The system just didn’t work, but it remained in place for far too

long.

About 50 years later, to do better, Rowland Hill argued for putting an end to the postal charges and replacing them

with a single national rate of one penny, which would be paid by the sender.

When the post office ignored Hill’s ideas, he self

-published his essay and it quickly gained 36 among the public.

Hill

was

then

ordered

by

Postmaster

General

Lord

Lichfield

to

discuss

postal

reform

and,

during

their

subsequent

meeting, the two men conceived of a gluey 37 that could be applied to envelopes to indicate payment. Though it

had gained support with the public who longed for an affordable way to connect with distant friends and family, officials

still

weren’t

convinced.

Thankfully,

Hill

was

far

from

alone

in

his

passion

for

reform.

He

eventually

earned

enough

support from other like-minded individuals to convince Parliament to 38 his system.

In 1839, Hill held a competition to design all the necessary postal facility. The winning stamp 39 describing

the young Queen’s profile came from one William Wyon, who based the design on a medal he created to celebrate her

first visit to London.

The

“Penny

Black”

stamp

went

on

sale

on

May

1,

1840.

It

was

an

immediate

40 .

Suddenly,

the

country

seeme

d a lot smaller. The Penny Black’s design was so well received that it remained in use for forty years.

第

4

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17

页

III.

Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions:

For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each

blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

The term “staycation” means vacations that

you take at home or near your home rather than traveling to another

place. It is closely connected with less pollution, saving money and not contributing to the overwhelming disorder that

takes place in some of the world’s most touristic

areas.

The concept of staycation

was born at the time of

the 2008 market 41 in the United States. Because of it, many

households were forced to 42 their expenses and consequently limit their vacation budget. The shortage of money

to travel abroad is at the origin of why many people started to (re) discover their most 43

surroundings.

At the same time, awareness of the 44 impacts of tourism, especially on what concerns the impacts of transportation,

started to increase too. And so did the perception that some of the main cities (abroad) are increasingly overloaded with

people -- with places such as Barcelona, Venice, or the Seychelles planning on 45 a tourist

c

ap.

Staycation

appears

like

a

great

solution

for

the

46

above

mentioned.

It

is

a

great

way

of

spending

joyful

vacations

while

helping

one’s

47

and

the

environment.

48

,

staying

close

to

home

eliminates

the

budget

for

accommodation and transport.

Apart from the financial 49 gained by leaving behind expensive plane tickets or by not booking hotel rooms

that aren’t cheap, staycation also has the benefit of keeping

harmful

50

in

the

ground.

Cars,

boats,

and

planes

are

not

(or

are

less)

used;

51

,

other

means

of

transport

such

as

public

transport, bi

cycles, electric

scooters or just walking are favored. This allows people’s

carbon footprints not to 52 as

much as they would if long distances had been traveled.

A staycation is a form of alternative tourism that is fully in line with the slow tourism trend. Slow tourism invites

you to live

in the

53

moment.

It encourages

you

to take

your

time, discover nearby landscapes, reconnect and

spend more time outdoors in nature with the people you enjoy. There are no fully-booked days, and there is no 54

to go from one activity to another just to stay busy all the time.

Given the multiple 55 of local tourism, you no longer have a reason to be embarrassed at the coffee machine

at work when you are asked where you are going on vacation this year.

41.

A. value

B. sector

C. crisis

D. shares

42.

A. restrict

B. bear

C. avoid

D. meet

43.

A. cheerful

B. immediate

C. polluted

D. attractive

44.

A. limited

B. financial

C. cultural

D. environmental

45.

A. introducing

B. stopping

C. postponing

D. raising

46.

A. challenges

B. assessments

C. tasks

D. applications

47.

A. voyage

B. mind

C. pocket

D. hometown

48.

A. In addition

B. For example

C. In fact

D. On the contrary

49.

A. services

B. advice

C. resources

D. savings

50.

A. emissions

B. exposure

C. vehicles

D. strategies

51.

A. therefore

B. instead

C. however

D. moreover

52.

A. last

B. fall

C. increase

D. change

53.

A. historic

B. present

C. critical

D. climatic

54.

A. good

B. harm

C. blame

D. rush

55.

A. advantages

B. challenges

C. platforms

D. themes

第

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页

Section B

Directions:

Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.

For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information

given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

Brooke Martin’s golden

retriever

(

金毛猎犬

) Kayla hated being left alone or separated. She would howl, pace, and

chew on things. Brooke learned that other people had the same problem

with their pets. She wondered, “What if

you

could talk to your dog if you were gone?”

Working with her father in their garage, the 16-year-old came up with several ideas. Finally, she invented a device

that allowed pet owners to video chat with their pets!

She calls the device iCPooch. “The dog doesn’t have to answer the

call,” explains Brooke. “It comes up immediately on the screen on their end. It’s

a two-way audio and video

—

you can

see and hear each other. ” With a click of a button you can even send the

dog a treat!

Her

invention

has

earned

her

a

spot

competing

against

nine

other

finalists

in

a

young

scientist

competition

for

middle-school students. These finalists, selected based on their short video presentations, are working with

mentors

over

the summer before heading to the final competition in St. Paul, Minn.

After Martin’s video put her among the 10 finalists in the Discovery Education 3M

Young Scientist Challenge, she

was paired with Delony Langer- Anderson, a product development scientist in

3M’s

c

onsumer health care division. “I just

lead her down the product development path,” Langer

-Anderson told Live Science. This path includes guidance on how

to test the potential product, which combines a video chat device that answers immediately on the

dog’s

end with a dog

treat device the owner can remotely activate.

“One thing I have thought about a lot is, what happens if the device is on the floor, what if your dog knocks it over,

or scratches the screen?” Martin said. She and Langer

-Anderson discussed this, and Martin is now testing materials at a

local dog shelter by taping them to the dog house floors to see how well they withstand sharp teeth and claws.

The finalists create models they can test, with the guidance from a mentor. Their projects include a fuel cell that

transforms cut grass into electricity and an app that rewards drivers for not texting or calling. Langer-Anderson tries to

help the students work through the scientific method, testing their

hypothesis

(

假

设

), in a determined way, “so the

kids

don’t get buried in data,” she said.

56.

Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?

A.

“iCPooch” wins in a young scientist

competition.

B.

A 16-year-old girl invents a device for dog hunger.

C.

A man-made device lets people chat with their pets.

D.

A kid-

invented device calm dogs’ separation

anxiety.

57.

“iCPooch” calms pet

dogs by

A. allowing video chat

C. answering the call

A. competitors

B. assistants

.

B. making dogs sleep

D. giving dogs food

C. instructors

D. companions

58.

What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “

mentors

”?

59.

What do the inventions of the finalists have in common?

A.

They are all new inventions dealing with pets.

B.

They are possible solutions to everyday problems.

C.

They cope with the problems related to computers.

D.

They are all accomplished through individual work.

第

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(B)

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60.

To promote the Silver Eagles coin, what is stressed in the ad?

A.

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B.

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C.

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第

7

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页

.

(C)

The dream of the flying car could come down to earth soon as several start-ups like Chinese EHANG and Uber are

developing so-

called “

passenger drones

(

无

人

机

)” —

self-flying drones big enough to ferry

individual commuters

around town

—

which could shrink

commute

(

上下班往返

) times from hours to minutes.

At first glance, human-carrying drones sound no more realistic than flying cars. Until recently inventors had never

been able to marry automobiles and aircraft in a practical way. Yet a few companies have kept at it: Woburn, for example,

has since 2006 been developing Transition, a “roadable aircraft” that resembles a small airplane that can fold its wings

and drive on roads. A personal flying car in every garage has proved to be a tough sell, however, as there are serious

safety concerns about asking the average commuter to train for a pilot’s license and take to the

skies.

Passenger drones, by contrast, would operate

autonomously

(

独立地

) and leave the “roadable” part behind in favor

of larger versions of aircraft that already exist. Passenger drone designs favor “distributed electric

propulsion

(

推

进

),”

meaning instead of one large rotor powered by a large engine they have multiple propellers each powered by its own,

smaller

motor.

This

sacrifices

lifting

power

and

flight

performance

in

exchange

for

mechanical

simplicity

and

lighter

weight

—

factors that could make them cheaper to operate. Quieter electric power would make the noise tolerable to city

residents, although it remains to be seen how much weight such a vehicle could lift, and for how long.

With any of these vehicles, safety is the biggest concern and extends to both the aircraft and the automated systems

flying them. Advanced artificial intelligence is needed to fly large numbers of autonomous aircraft without crashing them

into one another or, say, the local news channel’s traffic helicopter. Carrying people from points A to B seems simple

enough, but even the b

est AI struggles with surprises. “What, for example, would a drone do if a landing area suddenly

became unavailable?” asks Sanjiv Singh, a Carnegie Mellon University robotics researcher. Instead of leaping to fully

automated passenger drones, he suggests f

irst testing the necessary AI in unmanned cargo runs, and adopting a “mixed

mode” approach in early passenger services where pilots are assisted by AI co

-pilots.

Technical challenges aside,

start-ups

(

创业公司

) promoting the technology will have to find a way to convince the

public to give their drones a whirl, something that requires a much bigger leap of faith than getting into the backseat of a

self-driving car. Passenger drone makers are

“

obviously still in the

incubation

(

孵化

) stages of technology development

and improving the

basics,”

says Mike Hirschberg, executive director of the American Helicopter Society International.

“But 20 or 30 years from now life may be a little like The Jetsons where you take advantage of the third dimension and

have much more mobility, especially in urban close quarters where ground transportation is

gridlocked

(

交通阻塞

).”

The passenger drone progress may follow a sloping takeoff rather than

vertical

(

垂直的

) leap. Carnegie Mellon’s

Singh sees a long road ahead filled with lo

ts of testing, analysis, regulation and efforts to win the public’s trust before the

technology becomes a viable transportation option. “There is the danger of someone moving too fast and then having a

problem that sets the industry back for some time,” he

says.

63.

Personal flying cars have failed to gain popularity among households mainly because

.

A.

people don’t have the courage to take the cars to the

air

B.

people are unwilling to train for a pilot’s license

C.

people worry that they may not be qualified to fly the cars safely

D.

it is practically impossible to combine cars and aircraft together

64.

Which of the following is

NOT

an advantage of passenger drones?

A. It can lift more weight.

B. It is lighter in weight.

C. It makes less noise.

D. It is simpler in mechanical design.

65.

What is Hirschberg’s attitude towards passenger

drones?

A. disapproving

B. neutral

C. skeptical

D. cautiously optimistic

66.

We can learn from the passage that

.

A.

artificial intelligence can easily deal with the problems occurring in air traffic

B.

human pilots in autonomous aircraft will endanger the safety of passengers

C.

the passenger drone industry will make major breakthroughs in the near future

D.

the public’s distrust may hinder the development of passenger

drones

第

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页

Section C

Directions:

Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can

be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

A.

Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this

aggression.

B.

I am personally not at all in favor of aggressive sports like

boxing.

C.

In my personal opinion, boxing can be so thrilling that many people dare not have a try.

D.

Professional boxers are much more at risk than their amateur counterparts.

E.

Furthermore, studies have shown that there are often long-term effects of boxing.

F.

It is likely to threaten personal safety of people.

Boxing

is

a

popular

sport

that

many

people

seem

to

be

fascinated

by.

Newspapers,

magazines

and

sports

programmes on TV frequently cover boxing matches. Professional boxers earn a lot of money, and successful boxers are

treated as big heroes.

It

seems

to

me

that

some

people,

especially

men,

find

it

appealing

because

it

is

an

aggressive

sport.

When

they

watch

a

boxing

match,

they

can

identify

with

the

winning

boxer,

and

this

gives

them

the

feeling

of

being

a

winner

themselves.

It

is

a

fact

that

many

people

have

feelings

of

aggression

from

time

to

time,

but

they

cannot

show

their

aggression in their everyday lives. 67

However, there is a negative side to boxing. 68 Although boxers wear gloves during the fights, and

amateur boxers even have to wear helmets, there have frequently been accidents in both professional and amateur boxing,

sometimes

with dramatic consequences. Boxers have suffered from head injuries, and occasionally, fighters have even

been killed as a result of being knocked out in the ring. 69 Sometimes even if a boxer has never been knocked out,

he might have suffered severe brain damage without knowing it.

70 I think it would be better if less time were given to aggressive sports on TV, and we welcomed more

men

and

women

from

non-aggressive

sports

as

our

heroes

and

heroines

in

our

society.

I

believe

that

the

world

is

aggressive enough already! Of course, people like competitive sports, and so do I, but I think that hitting other people in

an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.

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