过夜-星期一的英文
2019
学年第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷
高三英语
试卷
（满分
140
分，考试时间
120
分钟）
2020.5
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions:
In
Section
A,
you
will
hear
ten
short
conversations
between
two
speakers.
At
the
end
of
each
conversation, a question will be asked
about what was said. The conversations and the
questions will be spoken
only once.
After you hear a conversation and the question
about it, read the four possible answers on your
paper,
and decide which one is the best
answer to the question you have heard.
1.
A. To answer the door.
B. To fix the doorbell.
C. To get a job.
D. To ask for instructions.
2.
A. At the airport.
B. In a restaurant.
C. In a booking office.
D. At the hotel reception.
3.
A. She has lost a lot of
weight.
B. She
lost some money last year.
C. She spent
a lot on cosmetic surgery.
D. She is having health problems.
4.
A. Taking photographs.
B. Downloading images.
C.
Fixing cameras.
D. Painting
pictures.
5.
A. The woman is
going to hold a party tomorrow.
B. The
man asks the woman not to attend the party.
C. The woman doesn’t know how to get to
the party.
D. The man offers
to drive the woman to the party.
6.
A. Tokyo is a city with a short
history.
B. He
can provide little useful information.
C. He can show the woman around the
city.
D. He has lived in
Tokyo for a long time.
7.
A.
She will meet the man in his office.
B. She has an appointment
with the man.
C. She had a traffic
accident that morning.
D. She can’t finish making the jam
before 9.
8.
A.
Play some music.
B.
Remove the power plug.
C. Repair the
sound box.
D. Start the car engine.
9.
A. She can’t stand the
hot weather.
B.
The beach resort is a better choice.
C.
She enjoys visiting the art museums.
D. The man should develop a taste for
art.
10.
A. He is satisfied
with his new job.
B. He
wants his workload to be shared.
C. He
doesn’t like his new office.
D. He gets
pressure from his new position.
Section B
Directions:
In Section B, you will hear
two short passages and one longer conversation,
and you will be asked
several questions
on each of the passages and the conversation. The
passages and the conversation will be read
twice, but the questions will be spoken
only once. When you hear a question, read the four
possible answers on
your paper and
decide which one would be the best answer to the
question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on
the following passage.
徐汇区高三英语
第
1
页
11.
A. A promotion of
outdoor clothes.
C. A
weekend vacation to a famous resort.
12.
A. Regretful.
B.
Frustrating.
13.
A. Mystery
trips.
B. Outdoor adventures.
B. An
introduction of West Virginia.
D. A
free trip to an unknown destination.
C.
Worthwhile.
D. Comfortable.
C. Social media.
D. Travel destinations.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on
the following passage.
14.
A. Goods are scarce and hard to get for
ordinary consumers.
B. People aim for
social distinction through what they own.
C. Manufacturers make more money by
mass production.
D. Growth of
consumerism is restricted by artificial products.
15.
A. To cut down on
labour costs by reducing working hours.
B. To make customers feel
they own something rare.
C. To increase
their coffee price without losing customers.
D. To focus more on quality and
customer satisfaction.
16.
A. Consumer awareness.
B. Social
distinction.
C. Artificial
scarcity.
D. Mass production.
Questions 17 through 20 are
based on the following conversation.
17.
A. In the gym.
B. At a bookstore.
18.
A. Wait for a month.
C. Mark on the book.
19.
A. The man doesn’t need
the book now.
C. The book
costs too much for him.
20.
A. Bargain with the woman.
C. Wrap his
book.
II.
Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions:
After reading
the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the
passage coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given
word, fill in each blank with the proper form of
the given word; for the other
blanks,
use one word that best fits each blank.
Discovering a Lost Brother
Kieron
Graham
always
knew
he
had
an
elder
brother
named
Vincent.
His
adoption
papers,
(21)
_______
(sign) when he was three months old,
listed a brother named Vincent but no last name.
Though Kieron spent years
thinking
about Vincent, he could never track him down.
That changed in December
2017, when Kieron’s adoptive parents gave him an
DNA
test as a Christmas
gift.
When his results came back, he
was surprised (22) _______ (find) he had a lot of
DNA matches for relatives who
had also
taken the test. Most were distant connections, but
one match was so strong that it (23) _______
(label)
“close
family.”
His
name
was
Vincent
Ghant.
Kieron
looked
for
him
on
Facebook
and
soon
made
a
possible
connection.
When
they connected, it was (24) _______ _______ they
had known each other their whole lives. As they
talked,
the
brothers
realized
they
lived
about
20
minutes
from
each
other.
(25)
_______(surprisingly),
they
attended the same university and
majored and minored in the same subjects.
Vincent was nine when
Kieron was born and remembers caring for his baby
brother. But times were tough,
and
Shawn, who worked 15-plus hours a day as a nurse,
decided that (26) _______(place) Kieron for
adoption
would give him the best chance
to succeed.
徐汇区高三英语
第
2
页
C. At the library.
D. In the classroom.
B. Keep
the receipt.
D. Accept a discount.
B. He’s afraid he might damage the
book.
D. He prefers the
edition with footnotes.
B. Go to
another bookstore.
D. Surf
the Internet.
“She was very emotional
about that time, to the point (27) _______ it was
hard for her to put into words
anything
about what hap
pened,” Vincent
says.
Now the brothers had
the chance to make up for lost time. They decided
to meet at a local tea shop that week.
One of Vincent’s concerns was that
Kieron (28) _______ hate his birth family for
placing him for adoption. He
was
relieved
K
ieron
didn’t,
and
(29)
_______
he’d
grown
up
in
a
loving
family.
After
that
first
meeting,
the
brothers
played
football
together
and
celebrated
Christmas
with
their
families.
“We’ll
keep
growing
our
relationship (30) _______ it’s time to
leave this planet,” says Vincent. That shouldn’t
be hard. As Kieron says,
“We’ve got
years and years to catch up on.”
Section B
Directions:
Complete the
following passage by using the words in the box.
Each word can only be used once.
Note
that there is one word more than you need.
A. motive
B. deliberately
C. convinced
D. injurious
E. alerts
F. desperately
G.
swept
H. accounts
I.
unconscious
J.
preserving
K. charging
Why
Humpback
Whales
(
座头鲸
)
Protect Other Species from Killer Whales
Robert Pitman, a marine ecologist,
describes an encounter he witnessed in Antarctica
in 2009. A group of
killer whales were
attacking a Weddell seal. The seal swam
31
toward a pair of humpbacks
that had inserted
themselves into the
action. One of the humpbacks rolled over on its
back, and the seal was
32
onto its chest,
betw
een the whale’s massive
flippers
(
鳍
). “That
incident
33
me,” he says.
“Those humpbacks were doing
something
we couldn’t explain.”
Pitman
started
asking
other
researchers
and
whale
watchers
to
send
him
similar
34
.
Soon
he
was
reading through observations of 115
encounters between humpbacks and killer whales,
recorded over 62 years.
“There are some
pretty astonishing videos of humpbacks
35
killer whales,” he says.
In a 2016 article in
Marine
Mammal Science
, a famous scientific
journal, Pitman and his co-authors describe
this behaviour and confirm that such
acts of do-gooding are widespread. But knowing
that something is happening
and
understanding why it’s happening are two different
things. Pitman and his co
-authors
openly reflected on the
meanin
g
of
these
encounters.
“Why,”
they
wrote,
“would
humpbacks
36
interfere
with
attacking
killer
whales,
spending
time
and
energy
on
a
potentially
37
activity,
especially
when
the
killer
whales…
were
attacking other species of
prey?”
Interestingly,
hu
mpbacks don’t just hit on
killer
-whale attacks. They race toward
them like firefighters into
burning
buildings. And like those rescue
worke
rs, humpbacks don’t know who is in
danger until they get there.
That’s
because the sound that
38
them to an attack isn’t the sad voice
of the victim. It’s the excited calls of
the
killer
whales.
Pitman
believes
humpbacks
have
one
simple
instruction:
“W
hen
you
hear
killer
whales
attacking, go break
it up.”
I wonder what
humpback whales care deeply enough about to
actively swim into battle with killer whales.
When I ask Pitman, he tells me that, it
still comes down to selfishly
39
their own kind. He believes that their
occasional rescues of humpback
calves
(
后代
) create a strong enough
40
for them to rush in to
help, even if
it means they end up
saving sunfish, sea lions, dolphins every now and
then.
III.
Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the
following passage there are four words or phrases
marked A, B, C and D. Fill in
each
blank with the word or phrase that best fits the
context.
徐汇区高三英语
第
3
页
The true purpose of a
business, Peter Drucker said, is to create and
keep customers. “Customer value” has
several definitions. I use the
41
to mean the total lifetime
value of a company’s customer base. Companies
can
increase
this
value
by
42
more
customers,
earning
more
business
from
existing
ones,
keeping
them
longer,
making
their
experience
simpler
through
digital
improvements
and
so
on.
43
leaders
have
long
understood the
importance of concentrating on customer value
rather than pursuing short-term profits or
quarterly
earnings, and they’ve become
enduring customer loyalty leaders in the process.
It’s worth noting that a number of
loyalty-leading
companies
are
able
to
44
shareholder
pressure,
or
avoid
it
altogether,
because
they
are
founder-
led, customer-owned, or not publicly traded.
Companies
can
45
customer
value
in
a
variety
of
ways:
To
increase
46
,
enterprise
software
companies
sometimes
charge
corporate
customers
change
fees
that
can
raise
the
total
cost
of
ownership
to
as
much as three times the original price.
To reduce operating costs, restaurant chains
sometimes
47
frozen and
precooked
ingredients
in
place
of
fresh
and
made-
to-order
food.
The
resulting
profits
may
look
good
on
the
income
statement. Such strategies may even lead to short-
term earnings growth. But they also
48
potential
customers and
encourage disloyalty.
Given the
importance of customer value, leaders should track
it as much as they track other key
assets
(
资产
),
such as
buildings, machinery, and marketable securities.
They also should reveal it in their quarterly and
annual
earnings
releases
so
that
investors
can
make
49
judgments
about
company
performance
and
how
it
compares with that of industry peers.
But most companies
50
believe that measuring customer value
is too
difficult
or
costly.
They
continue
to
rely
on
a
centuries-
old
accounting
tradition
that
emphasizes
physical
and
financial
assets,
and
neither
income
statements
nor
balance
sheets
offer
much
51
into
the
value
of
a
company’s customers.
As
investors
wake
up
to
the
importance
of
customer
value,
however,
many
growth-stage
companies
now
direct
investors’
attention
to
52
in
growing
the
value
of
their
customer
base.
Some
public
companies
increasingly
report various types of customer value
metrics
(
指标
)
.
One of the UK’s top energy suppliers ,
53
,
reports
year-
over-
year
customer
counts
in
its
financial
report.
“As
a
customer
-
focused
company,”
noted,
“we see customer value as crucial to our success.”
This is a start, but
because there are no customer-value reporting
standards or requirements, investors still
have
a(n)
54
picture.
The
minority
of
companies
that
do
provide
customer
value
information
decide
for
themselves what to disclose.
55
, firms may calculate customer metrics
differently or change them to tell a
desired story, or simply stop
reportin
g them if they fail to go with
the company’s preferred narrative.
41.
A. item
B. version
C. term
D. definition
42.
A. persuading
B. consulting
C. acquiring
D. inspecting
43.
A.
Considerate
B. Visionary
C.
Determined
D.
Powerful
44.
A.
resist
B. relieve
C.
intensify
D. maintain
45.
A. raise
B. adopt
C. calculate
D. destroy
46.
A. income
B. experience
C.
productivity
D. demand
47.
A. separate
B. substitute
C. forbid
D. combine
48.
A. appeal to
B. rely on
C. put down
D.
scare
off
49.
A. informed
B. subjective
C. definitive
D. independent
50.
A. fully
B. hardly
C. readily
D.
wrongly
51.
A. suspicion
B. extension
C. literacy
D.
visibility
52.
A.
sacrifice
B. success
C.
prejudice
D. expense
53.
A. as a
result
B. for example
C.
on the contrary
D. in general
54.
A. incomplete
B. depressing
C. convincing
D. vivid
55.
A. Instead
B. Further
C. Otherwise
D.
Therefore
徐汇区高三英语
第
4
页
Section B
Directions:
Read
the
following
three
passages.
Each
passage
is
followed
by
several
questions
or
unfinished
statements. For each of them there are
four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one
that fits best according
to the
information given in the passage you have just
read.
(A)
Aristotle thought the face was a window
onto a person’s mind. Cicero agreed. Two thousand
years passed,
and facial
expressions are still commonly thought
to be a universally valid way to judge other
people’s feelings,
irrespective of age,
sex and culture. A raised eyebrow suggests
confusion. A smile indicates happiness.
Or
do
they?
An
analysis
of
hundreds
of
research
papers
that
examined
the
relationship
between
facial
expressions and
underlying emotions has uncovered a surprising
conclusion: there is no good scientific evidence
to
suggest
that
there
are
such
things
as
recognizable
facial
expressions
for
basic
emotions
which
are
universal
across cultures.
Just because a person is not smiling, the
researchers found, does not mean that person is
unhappy.
This
may
raise
questions
about
the
efforts
of
information-technology
companies
to
develop
artificial-
intelligence
algorithms
(
算法
)
which
can
recognize
facial
expressions
and
work
out
a
person’s
underlying
emotional state. Microsoft, for example, claims
its “Emotion API” is able to detect what people
are
feeling
by
examining
video
footage
of
them.
Another
of
the
study’s
auth
ors,
however,
expressed
scepticism
.
Aleix
Martinez, a computer engineer at Ohio State
University, said that companies attempting to
obtain emotions
from images of faces
have failed to understand the importance of
context.
For a start, facial expression
is but one of a number of non-verbal
ways
，
such as body posture,
that people use
to
communicate
with
each
other.
Machine
recognition
of
emotion
needs
to
take
account
of
these
as
well.
But
context
can
reach
further
than
that.
Dr
Martinez
mentioned
an experiment
in
which
participants
were
shown a
close-
up picture of a man’s
face, which was bright red with his mouth open in
a scream. Based on this alone, most
participants said the man was extremely
angry. Then the whole picture was shown. It was a
football player with
his arms
outstretched, celebrating a goal. His angry-
looking face was, in fact, a show of pure joy.
Given that people cannot guess each
other’s emotional states most of the time, Dr
Martinez sees no reason
computers
would
be
able
to.
“There
are
compan
ies
right
now
claiming
to
be
able
to
do
that
and
apply
this
to
places I find really scary and
dangerous, for example, in hiring people,” he
says. “Some companies require you to
present
a
video
resume,
which
is
analyzed
by
a
machine-learning
system.
And
depending
on
your
facial
expressions, they hire you or not,
which I find really shocking.”
56. We can learn from the second
paragraph that __________.
A. facial
expressions are universal across cultures
B. it is hard to recognize some facial
expressions
C. emotions and
facial expressions may not be related
D. common facial expressions convey
similar meanings
57.
In the
passage, the word
“
scepticism
” (paragraph 3)
is closest in meaning to “__________”.
A. similar interest
B.
fierce anger
C. strong
support
D.
great doubt
58. The experiment
mentioned by Dr Martinez may prove that
___________.
A. facial expression is an
important way to communicate
B. machine
recognition of emotion is not reliable at all
C. facial expression is not the only
way to detect feelings
D.
people may misread facial expressions for lack of
context
59. What does this passage
mainly tell us?
A. Facial expressions
are among the most universal forms of body
language.
B. Computers can
detect people’s mind by analyzing their facial
expressi
ons.
C. Facial
expressions may not be the reliable reflection of
a person’s emotions.
D.
Companies can depend on machine recognition of
emotion to hire people.
徐汇区高三英语
第
5
页
(B)
IMPROVE YOUR WRITING
WRITING INSPIRATION
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60. According to the passage,
The Writer
magazine
__________.
A. provides practical
suggestions on a writing career
B.
responds to all the query letters from the readers
C. introduces successful writers and
their works only
D. prefers handwritten
queries to electronic ones
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sending a query letter, a contributor must
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徐汇区高三英语
第
6
页
(C)
There has, in recent
years, been an outpouring of information about the
impact of buildings on the natural
environment.
Information
which
explains
and
promotes
green
and
sustainable
construction
design,
strives
to
convince others of its
efficacy
(
功效
) and warns of the
dangers of ignoring the issue. Seldom do these
documents
offer any advice to
practitioners, such as those designing mechanical
and electrical systems for a building, on how
to use this knowledge on a practical
level.
Although there are a
good many advocates of “green” construction in the
architectural industry, able to list
enough
reasons
why
buildings
should
be
designed
in
a
sustainable
way,
not
to
mention
plenty
of
architectural
firms with
experience in green design, this is not enough to
make green construction come into being. The
driving
force
behind
whether
a
building
is
constructed
with
minimal
environmental
impact
lies
with
the
owner
of
the
building;
that
is,
the
person
financing
the
project.
If
the
owner
considers
green
design
unimportant,
or
of
secondary
importance, then more than likely, it will not be
factored into the design.
The
commissioning
(
委任
)
process
plays
a
key
role
in
ensuring
the
owner
gets
the
building
he
wants,
in
terms
of design, costs and risk. At the predesign stage,
the owner’s objectives and expectations are
discussed and
documented. This gives a
design team a solid foundation on which they can
build their ideas. Owners who skip
the
commissioning process, or fail to take “green”
issues into account when doing so, often
come a cropper
once
their building is up and running.
Materials and equipment are installed as planned,
and, at first glance, appear to
fulfil
their purpose adequately. However, in time, the
owner realizes that operational and maintenance
costs are
higher than necessary, and
that the occupants are dissatisfied with the
results. These factors in turn lead to higher
ownership costs as well as increased
environmental impact.
In some cases, an
owner may be aware of the latest trends in
sustainable building design. However, firms
should not take it as read that the
client already has an idea of how green he intends
the structure to be. Indeed,
this
initial interaction between owner and firm is the
ideal time for a designer to outline and promote
the ways that
green design can meet the
client’s objectives, thus turning a project
originally not destined for green design into a
potential candidate.
Typically, when considering whether or
not to adopt a green approach, an owner will ask
about additional
costs or return for
investment. In a typical project, landscape
architects, mechanical and electrical engineers do
not
become involved until a much later
stage. However, in green design, they must be
involved from the outset, since
green
design demands interaction between these
disciplines. This increased cooperation clearly
requires additional
cost. However,
there may be financial advantage for the client in
choosing a greener design. There are examples of
green designs which have demonstrated
lower costs for long-term operation, ownership and
even construction.
63. What is the main reason for the
lack of green buildings being designed according
to the passage?
A. Few firms have
enough experience in designing and constructing
green buildings.
B. Construction
companies are unaware of the benefits of
sustainable designs.
C. Firms do not
get to decide whether a building is to be
constructed sustainably.
D. Firms tend
to convince clients that other factors are more
important than sustainability.
64. The
phrase “
come a cropper
”
probably means ________.
A.
experience misfortune
B. change one’s
mind
C. notice the benefits
D. make a start
65. Which of
the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Most clients have a clear idea of
whether they want a green building at the
beginning.
B. Green buildings are most
likely to cost more money than conventional
buildings.
C. The
commissioning process offers a good opportunity to
bring up the subject of green design.
D. Firms should avoid working with
clients who reject green designs in their
buildings.
66. The writer’s main
purpose is to ________.
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