toroid-推翻
2019
学年第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷
高三英语
试卷
（满分
140
分，考试时间
120
分钟）
2020.5
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions:
In Section A,
you will hear ten short conversations between two
speakers. At the end of
each
conversation,
a
question
will
be
asked
about
what
was
said.
The
conversations
and
the
questions will be spoken
only once. After you hear a conversation and the
question about it, read the
four
possible answers on your paper, and decide which
one is the best answer to the question you
have heard.
1.
A.
To answer the door.
B. To fix the
doorbell.
C. To get a job.
D. To ask for instructions.
2.
A. At the airport.
B. In a restaurant.
C. In a booking office.
D. At the hotel reception.
3.
A. She has lost a lot of
weight.
B. She
lost some money last year.
C. She spent
a lot on cosmetic surgery.
D. She is having health problems.
4.
A. Taking photographs.
B. Downloading images.
C.
Fixing cameras.
D. Painting
pictures.
5.
A. The woman is
going to hold a party tomorrow.
B. The
man asks the woman not to attend the party.
C. The woman doesn’t know how to get to
the party.
D. The man offers
to drive the woman to the party.
6.
A. Tokyo is a city with a short
history.
B. He
can provide little useful information.
C. He can show the woman around the
city.
D. He has lived in
Tokyo for a long time.
7.
A.
She will meet the man in his office.
B. She has an appointment
with the man.
C. She had a traffic
accident that morning.
D. She can’t finish making the jam
before 9.
8.
A.
Play some music.
B.
Remove the power plug.
C. Repair the
sound box.
D. Start the car engine.
9.
A. She can’t stand the
hot weather.
B.
The beach resort is a better choice.
C.
She enjoys visiting the art museums.
D. The man should develop a taste for
art.
10.
A. He is satisfied
with his new job.
B. He
wants his workload to be shared.
C. He
doesn’t like his new office.
D. He gets
pressure from his new position.
Section B
Directions:
In Section B, you will hear
two short passages and one longer conversation,
and you
will be asked several questions
on each of the passages and the conversation. The
passages and the
conversation
will
be
read
twice,
but
the
questions
will
be
spoken
only
once.
When
you
hear
a
英语学习讲义
question,
read
the
four
possible
answers
on
your
paper
and
decide
which
one
would
be
the
best
answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on
the following passage.
11.
A. A promotion of outdoor clothes.
C. A weekend vacation to a
famous resort.
12.
A.
Regretful.
B.
Frustrating.
13.
A. Mystery trips.
B. Outdoor adventures.
B. An introduction of West Virginia.
D. A free trip to an unknown
destination.
C. Worthwhile.
D. Comfortable.
C. Social
media.
D. Travel
destinations.
Questions 14
through 16 are based on the following passage.
14.
A. Goods are scarce and
hard to get for ordinary consumers.
B.
People aim for social distinction through what
they own.
C. Manufacturers make more
money by mass production.
D. Growth of
consumerism is restricted by artificial products.
15.
A. To cut down on
labour costs by reducing working hours.
B. To make customers feel
they own something rare.
C. To increase
their coffee price without losing customers.
D. To focus more on quality and
customer satisfaction.
16.
A. Consumer awareness.
B. Social
distinction.
C. Artificial
scarcity.
D. Mass production.
Questions 17 through 20 are
based on the following conversation.
17.
A. In the gym.
B. At a bookstore.
18.
A. Wait for a month.
C. Mark on the book.
19.
A. The man doesn’t need
the book now.
C. The book
costs too much for him.
20.
A. Bargain with the woman.
C. Wrap his
book.
II.
Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions:
After
reading
the
passage
below,
fill
in
the
blanks
to
make
the
passage
coherent
and
grammatically correct. For the blanks
with a given word, fill in each blank with the
proper form of
the given word; for the
other blanks, use one word that best fits each
blank.
Discovering a Lost
Brother
Kieron Graham always
knew he had an elder brother named Vincent. His
adoption papers, (21)
_______
(sign)
when
he
was
three
months
old,
listed
a
brother
named
Vincent
but
no
last
name.
Though
Kieron spent years thinking about Vincent, he
could never track him down.
That changed in December 2017, when
Kieron’s adoptive parents gave him an
DNA
test as a
Christmas gift. When his results came
back, he was surprised (22) _______ (find) he had
a lot of
DNA
matches
for
relatives
who
had
also
taken
the
test.
Most
were
distant
connections,
but
one
match
was
so
strong
that
it
(23)
_______
(label)
“close
family.”
His
name
was
Vincent
Ghant.
Kieron looked for him
on Facebook and soon made a possible connection.
只要坚持
梦想终会实现
2
C. At the library.
D. In the classroom.
B. Keep
the receipt.
D. Accept a discount.
B. He’s afraid he might damage the
book.
D. He prefers the
edition with footnotes.
B. Go to
another bookstore.
D. Surf
the Internet.
英语学习讲义
When
they
connected,
it
was
(24)
_______
_______
they
had
known
each
other
their
whole
lives.
As
they
talked,
the
brothers
realized
they
lived
about
20
minutes
from
each
other.
(25)
_______(surprisingly),
they
attended
the
same
university
and
majored
and
minored
in
the
same
subjects.
Vincent was nine when Kieron was born
and remembers caring for his baby brother. But
times
were
tough,
and
Shawn,
who
worked
15-plus
hours
a
day
as
a
nurse,
decided
that
(26)
_______(place) Kieron for adoption
would give him the best chance to succeed.
“She was very emotional
about that time, to the point (27) _______ it was
hard for her to put
into words anything
about what hap
pened,” Vincent
says.
Now the brothers had
the chance to make up for lost time. They decided
to meet at a local tea
shop that week.
One of Vincent’s concerns was that Kieron (28)
_______ hate his birth family for
placing
him
for
adoption.
He
was
relieved
K
ieron
didn’t,
and
(29)
_______
he’d
grown
up
in
a
loving family. After that
first meeting, the brothers played football
together and celebrated Christmas
with
their families. “We’ll keep growing our
relationship (30) _______ it’s time to leave this
planet,”
says Vincent. That shouldn’t
be hard. As Kieron says, “We’ve got years and
years to catch up on.”
Section B
Directions:
Complete the
following passage by using the words in the box.
Each word can only be
used once. Note
that there is one word more than you need.
A.
motive
B.
deliberately
C. convinced
D. injurious
E. alerts
F. desperately
G.
swept
H.
accounts
I. unconscious
J. preserving
K.
charging
Why
Humpback Whales
(
座头鲸
) Protect Other Species
from Killer Whales
Robert Pitman, a
marine ecologist, describes an encounter he
witnessed in Antarctica in 2009.
A
group
of
killer
whales
were
attacking
a Weddell
seal.
The
seal
swam
31
toward
a
pair of
humpbacks
that
had
inserted
themselves
into
the
action.
One
of
the
humpbacks
rolled
over
on
its
back,
and
the
seal
was
32
onto
its
chest,
betw
een
the
whale’s
massive
flippers
(
鳍
).
“That
incident
33
me,” he says. “Those humpbacks were
doing something we couldn’t explain.”
Pitman started asking other researchers
and whale watchers to send him similar
34
.
Soon
he
was
reading
through
observations
of
115
encounters
between
humpbacks
and
killer
whales,
recorded
over
62
years.
“There
are
some
pretty
astonishing
videos
of
humpbacks
35
killer
whales,” he
says.
In
a
2016
article
in
Marine
Mammal
Science
,
a
famous
scientific
journal,
Pitman
and
his
co-
authors
describe
this
behaviour
and
confirm
that
such
acts
of
do-
gooding
are
widespread.
But
knowing that something
is happening and understanding why it’s happening
are two different things.
Pitman and
his co-authors openly reflected on the
meanin
g of these encounters. “Why,”
they wrote,
“would humpbacks
36
interfere with attacking
killer whales, spending time and energy on a
potentially
37
activity,
especially
when
the
killer
whales…
were
attacking
other
species
of
prey?”
Interestingly,
hu
mpbacks
don’t
just
hit
on
killer
-whale
attacks.
They
race
toward
them
like
firefighters into
burning buildings. And like those rescue
worke
rs, humpbacks don’t know who is in
danger until they get there.
That’s because the sound that
38
them to an attack isn’t the
sad
只要坚持
梦想终会实现
3
英语学习讲义
voice of
the victim. It’s the excited calls of the killer
whales. Pitman believes humpbacks have one
simple instruction: “When you hear
killer whales attacking, go break it
up.”
I wonder what humpback
whales care deeply enough about to actively swim
into battle with
killer
whales. When I ask Pitman, he tells me that, it
still comes down to selfishly
39
their own
kind. He believes
that their occasional rescues of humpback
calves
(
后代
) create a strong enough
40
for them to rush in to
help, even if it means they end up saving sunfish,
sea lions, dolphins
every now and then.
III. Reading
Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the
following passage there are four words or phrases
marked A, B, C
and D. Fill in each
blank with the word or phrase that best fits the
context.
The true purpose
of a business, Peter Drucker said, is to create
and keep customers. “Cus
tomer
value”
has
several
definitions.
I
use
the
41
to
mean
the
total
lifetime
value
of
a
company’s
customer
base.
Companies
can
increase
this
value
by
42
more
customers,
earning
more
business from existing ones, keeping
them longer, making their experience simpler
through digital
improvements and so on.
43
leaders have long
understood the importance of concentrating on
customer
value
rather
than
pursuing
short-
term
profits
or
quarterly
earnings,
and
they’ve
become
enduring customer
loyalty leade
rs in the process. It’s
worth noting that a number of
loyalty
-leading
companies
are
able
to
44
shareholder
pressure,
or
avoid
it
altogether,
because
they
are
founder-
led, customer-owned, or not publicly traded.
Companies can
45
customer value in a variety of ways: To
increase
46
, enterprise
software companies sometimes charge
corporate customers change fees that can raise the
total cost
of
ownership
to
as
much
as
three
times
the
original
price.
To
reduce
operating
costs,
restaurant
chains
sometimes
47
frozen
and
precooked
ingredients
in
place
of
fresh
and
made-
to-order
food. The resulting profits
may look good on the income statement. Such
strategies may even lead to
short-term
earnings growth. But they also
48
potential customers and encourage
disloyalty.
Given the importance of
customer value, leaders should track it as much as
they track other key
assets
(
资产
), such as buildings,
machinery, and marketable securities. They also
should reveal it in
their
quarterly
and
annual
earnings
releases
so
that
investors
can
make
49
judgments
about
company performance and how it compares
with that of industry peers. But most companies
50
believe
that
measuring
customer
value
is
too
difficult
or
costly.
They
continue
to
rely
on
a
centuries-
old accounting tradition that emphasizes physical
and financial assets, and neither income
statements nor balance sheets offer
much
51
into the value
of a company’s customers.
As
investors
wake
up
to
the
importance
of
customer
value,
however,
many
growth-stage
companies now direct investors’
attention to
52
in growing the
value of their customer base.
Some
public companies increasingly report various types
of customer value
metrics
(
指标
). One of
the UK’s top energy suppliers ,
53
, reports year-over-year customer
counts in its financial
report.
“As
a
customer
-
focused
company,”
noted,
“we
see
customer
value
as
crucial
to
our
success.”
This
is
a
start,
but
because
there
are
no
customer-value
reporting
standards
or
requirements,
investors still have a(n)
54
picture. The minority of companies that
do provide customer value
只要坚持
梦想终会实现
4
英语学习讲义
information decide for themselves what
to disclose.
55
, firms may calculate
customer metrics
differently or change
them to tell a desired story, or simply stop
reporting them if they fail to go with
the company’s preferred narrative.
41.
A. item
B. version
C. term
D.
definition
42.
A.
persuading
B. consulting
C.
acquiring
D. inspecting
43.
A.
Considerate
B. Visionary
C.
Determined
D.
Powerful
44.
A.
resist
B. relieve
C.
intensify
D. maintain
45.
A. raise
B. adopt
C. calculate
D. destroy
46.
A. income
B. experience
C.
productivity
D. demand
47.
A. separate
B. substitute
C. forbid
D. combine
48.
A. appeal to
B. rely on
C. put down
D.
scare
off
49.
A. informed
B. subjective
C. definitive
D. independent
50.
A. fully
B. hardly
C. readily
D.
wrongly
51.
A. suspicion
B. extension
C. literacy
D.
visibility
52.
A.
sacrifice
B. success
C.
prejudice
D. expense
53.
A. as a
result
B. for example
C.
on the contrary
D. in general
54.
A. incomplete
B. depressing
C. convincing
D. vivid
55.
A. Instead
B. Further
C. Otherwise
D.
Therefore
Section B
Directions:
Read
the
following
three
passages.
Each
passage
is
followed
by
several
questions
or
unfinished statements.
For each of them there are four choices marked A,
B, C and D. Choose the
one that fits
best according to the information given in the
passage you have just read.
(A)
Aristotle thought the
face was a window onto a person’s mind. Cicero
agreed. Two thousand
years
passed,
and
facial
expressions
are
still
commonly
thought
to
be
a
universally
valid
way
to
judge
other
people’s
feelings,
irrespective
of
age,
sex
and
culture.
A
raised
eyebrow
suggests
confusion. A smile
indicates happiness.
Or do
they? An analysis of hundreds of research papers
that examined the relationship between
facial expressions and underlying
emotions has uncovered a surprising conclusion:
there is no good
scientific evidence to
suggest that there are such things as recognizable
facial expressions for basic
emotions
which are universal across cultures. Just because
a person is not smiling, the researchers
found, does not mean that person is
unhappy.
This
may
raise
questions
about
the
efforts
of
information-technology
companies
to
develop
artificial-
intelligence
algorithms
(
算法
)
which
can
recognize
facial
expressions
and
work
out
a
person’s
underlying
emotional
state.
Microsoft,
for
example,
claims
its
“Emotion
API”
is
able
to
detect what people are feeling by
examining video footage of them. Another of the
study’s aut
hors,
however,
expressed
scepticism
. Aleix
Martinez, a computer engineer at Ohio State
University, said
that
companies
attempting
to
obtain
emotions
from
images
of
faces
have
failed
to
understand
the
importance of context.
For a
start, facial expression is but one of a number of
non-verbal ways
，
such as body
posture,
that
people
use
to
communicate
with
each
other.
Machine
recognition
of
emotion
needs
to
take
account
of
these
as
well.
But
context
can
reach
further
than
that.
Dr
Martinez
mentioned
an
experiment in which
participants were shown a close-
up
picture of a man’s face, which was bright
只要坚持
梦想终会实现
5
英语学习讲义
red
with
his
mouth
open
in
a
scream.
Based
on
this
alone,
most
participants
said
the
man
was
extremely
angry.
Then
the
whole
picture
was
shown.
It
was
a
football
player
with
his
arms
outstretched, celebrating a goal. His
angry-looking face was, in fact, a show of pure
joy.
Given that people cannot guess
each other’s emotional states most of the time, Dr
Martinez sees
no reason computers would
be able to. “There are compa
nies right
now claiming to be able to do that
and
apply this to places I find really scary and
dangerous, for example, in hiring people,” he
says.
“Some companies require you to
present a video resume, which is analyzed by a
machine
-learning
system.
And
depending
on
your
facial
expressions,
they
hire
you
or
not,
which
I
find
really
shocking.”
56. We
can learn from the second paragraph that
__________.
A. facial expressions are
universal across cultures
B. it is hard
to recognize some facial expressions
C. emotions and facial expressions may
not be related
D. common facial
expressions convey similar meanings
57.
In the passage, the word
“
scepticism
” (paragraph 3)
is closest in meaning to “__________”.
A. similar interest
B.
fierce anger
C. strong
support
D.
great doubt
58. The experiment
mentioned by Dr Martinez may prove that
___________.
A. facial expression is an
important way to communicate
B. machine
recognition of emotion is not reliable at all
C. facial expression is not the only
way to detect feelings
D.
people may misread facial expressions for lack of
context
59. What does this passage
mainly tell us?
A. Facial expressions
are among the most universal forms of body
language.
B. Computers can
detect people’s mind by analyzing their facial
express
ions.
C. Facial
expressions may not be the reliable reflection of
a person’s emotions.
D.
Companies can depend on machine recognition of
emotion to hire people.
(B)
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