sectional-lessthan
2016
年
6
月四级考试真题（第一套）
Part
I
Writing
（
30
minutes
）
Directions
：
For this part
，
you
are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to
express
your thanks
to
one of your friends who
helped you most
when you
were
in
difficulty
.
You
should
write
at
least
120
words
but
no
more
than 180 words.
Part II Listening Comprehension
(30 minutes)
Section A
Directions:
In
this
section,
you
will
hear
three
news
reports.
At
the
end
of
each
news report, you will hear two or three
questions. Both the news report
and the
questions will be spoken only once. After you hear
a question,
you must choose the best
answer from the four choices marked A), B),
C)
and
D).
Then
mark
the
corresponding
letter
on
Answer
Sheet
1
with a single
line through the centre.
注意
：此部分试题请在答题卡
1
上作答。
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news
report you have just heard.
1. A)
The International
Labor Organization’s key objective.
B) The basic
social protection for the most vulnerable.
C) Rising
unemployment worldwide.
D) Global economic recovery.
2. A) Many countries have
not taken measures to create enough jobs.
B) Few
countries know how to address the current economic
crisis.
C) Few
countries have realized the seriousness of the
current crisis.
D)
Many countries need
support to improve their people’s
livelihood.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news
report you have just heard.
3. A) Serve standardised food
nationwide.
B)
Put calorie information on the menu.
C) Increase protein content
in the food.
D)
Offer convenient food to customers.
4. A) They will be fined.
B) They will be closed.
精选
C) They will get a warning.
D) They will lose
customers.
Questions 5 to 7
are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. A) Inability to
implement their business plans.
B) Inability to keep
turning out novel products.
C) Lack of a successful
business model of their own.
D) Failure to integrate
innovation into their business.
6. A) It is the secret to business
success.
B) It
is the creation of something new.
C) It is a magic tool to
bring big rewards.
D) It is an essential part of business
culture.
7. A) Its
hardworking employees.
B) Its flexible promotion strategy.
C) Its
innovation culture.
D) Its willingness to make investments.
Section B
Directions:
In this section, you will hear two long
conversations. At the end of each
conversation, you will hear four
questions. Both the conversation and
the questions will be spoken only once.
After you hear a question, you
must
choose the best answer from the four choices
marked A),B),C)and
D).
Then
mark
the
corresponding
letter
on
Answer
Sheet
1
with
a
single line through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡
1
上作答。
Passage One
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the
conversation you have just heard.
8. A)
He’s got addicted to
technology.
B) He is not very good at socializing.
C) He is crazy
about text-messaging.
D) He does not talk long on the phone.
9. A) Talk big.
B) Talk at length.
C) Gossip a
lot.
D) Forget
herself.
10. A) He thought
it was cool.
精选
B) He needed
the practice.
C) He wanted to stay connected with
them.
D) He had an urgent message to send.
11. A) It poses a challenge
to seniors.
B) It saves both time and money.
C)
It is childish and unprofessional.
D) It is cool
and convenient.
Passage Two
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the
conversation you have just heard.
12. A) He wants to change his job
assignment.
B) He is unhappy with his department
manager.
C) He thinks he deserves extra pay for
overtime.
D) He is often singled out for
criticism by his boss.
13.
A) His workload was much too heavy.
B) His
immediate boss did not trust him.
C) His
colleagues often refused to cooperate.
D) His salary
was too low for his responsibility.
14. A) He never knows how to refuse.
B)
He is always ready to help others.
C) His boss has
a lot of trust in him.
D) His boss has no sense of
fairness.
15. A) Put all
his complaints in writing.
B) Wait and see what
happens next.
C) Learn to say no when necessary.
D)
Talk to his boss in person first.
Section C
Directions:
In this section, you will hear three
passages. At the end of each passage,
you
will
hear
three
or
four
questions.
Both
the
passage
and
the
questions will be spoken
only once. After you hear a question, you must
choose
the
best
answer
from
the
four
choices
marked
A),B),C)and
D).Then
mark
the
corresponding
letter
on
Answer
Sheet
1
with
a
single line through the
centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡
1
上作答。
Passage One
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the
passage you have just heard.
精选
16. A) The
importance of sleep to a healthy life.
B)
Reasons for Americans’ decline in
sleep.
C) Some tips to improve the
quality of sleep.
D) Diseases associated with
lack of sleep.
17. A)They
are more health-conscious.
B)They are changing their
living habits.
C)They get less and less sleep.
D)They know the dangers of lack of
sleep.
18. A) Their weight
will go down.
B) Their mind function will
deteriorate.
C) Their work efficiency will decrease.
D)
Their blood pressure will rise.
Passage Two
Questions 19 to
21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A) How much you can
afford to pay.
B) What course you are going to choose.
C)
Which university you are going to apply to.
D)
When you are going to submit your application.
20. A) The list of courses
studied.
B) The full record of scores.
C)
The references from teachers.
D) The personal
statement.
21. A) Specify
what they would like to do after graduation.
B)
Describe in detail how much they would enjoy
studying.
C) Indicate they have reflected and
thought about the subject.
D) Emphasize that they
admire the professors in the university.
Questions 22 to 25 are
based on the passage you have just heard.
22. A) It was equipped with
rubber tyres.
B) It was built in the late 19th
century.
C) It was purchased by the Royal
family.
D) It was designed by an English
engineer.
23. A) They
consumed lots of petrol.
B) They took two passengers
only.
C) They were difficult to drive.
D)
They often broke down.
精选
24. A) They were produced
on the assembly line.
B) They were built with
less costly materials.
C) They were modeled after
British cars.
D) They were made for ordinary use.
25. A) It made news all
over the world.
B) It was built for the
Royal family.
C) It marked a new era in motor travel.
D)
It attracted large numbers of motorists.
Part III
Reading Comprehension
(40 minutes)
Section A
Directions:
In this section, there is a
passage with ten blanks. You are required to
select one word for each bank from a
list of choices given in a word
blank
following
the
passage.
Read
the
passage
through
carefully
before making your
choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by
a
letter. Please mark the corresponding
letter for each item on
Answer
Sheet 2
with a single line
through the centre. You may not use any of
the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 26 to 35 are
based on the following passage.
Physical activity does the body good,
and there’s growing evidence that it helps
the
brain
too.
Researchers
in
the
Netherlands
report
that
children
who
get
more
exercise, whether at
school or on their own,
26
to have higher
GPAs and better
scores
on
standardized
tests.
In
a
27
of
14
studies
that
looked
at
physical
activity and
academic
28
, investigators found that the more
children moved, the
better their grades
were in school,
29
in
the basic subjects of math, English and
reading.
The data will
certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether
physical education
classes
should
be
cut
as
schools
struggle
to
30
on
smaller
budgets.
The
arguments against
physical education have included concerns that gym
time may be
taking
away
from
study
time.
With
standardized
test
scores
in
the
U.S.
31
in
recent
years,
some
administrators
believe
students
need
to
spend
more
time
in
the
classroom
instead
of
on
the
playground.
But
as
these
findings
show,
exercise
and
academics may not be
32
exclusive. Physical activity can
improve blood
33
to the brain, fueling
memory, attention and creativity, which are
34
to learning.
And exercise
releases hormones that can improve
35
and relieve stress, which
can also help learning. So while it may
seem as if kids are just exercising their bodies
when they’re running around, they may
actually be exercising their brains as
well.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答。
精选
A) attendance
I) mood
B) consequently
J) mutually
C) current
K) particularly
D) depressing
L) performance
E) dropping
M) review
F) essential
N) survive
G) feasible
O) tend
H) flow
Section B
Directions:
In
this
section,
you
are
going
to
read
a
passage
with
ten
statements
attached to it.
Each statement contains information given in one
of the
paragraphs.
Identify
the
paragraph
from
which
the
information
is
derived.
You
may
choose
a
paragraph
more
than
once.
Each
paragraph is marked with a letter.
Answer the question by marking the
corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 2
.
Finding the Right
Home
—
and Contentment, Too
[A]
When
your
elderly
relative
needs
to
enter
some
sort
of
long-term
care
facility
—
a moment
few parents or children approach without
fear
—
what you would
like is to have everything made clear.
[B]
Does assisted living really mark a
great improvement over a nursing home, or
has the industry simply hired better
interior designers? Are nursing homes as bad as
people
fear,
or
is
that
an
out-moded
stereotype
(
固定看法
)?
Can
doing
one’s
homework really steer families to the
best places? It is genuinely hard to know.
[C]
I am
about
to
make things more complicated by
suggesting that what
kind
of
facility an older person lives in may
matter less than we have assumed. And that the
characteristics adult children look for
when they begin the search are not necessarily
the things that make a difference to
the people who are going to move in.
I
am not
talking about the quality of
care, let me hastily add. Nobody flourishes in a
gloomy
environment
with
irresponsible
staff
and
a
poor
safety
record.
But
an
accumulating
body of
research indicates that some distinctions between
one type of elder care and
another have
little real bearing on how well residents do.
[D]
The
most
recent
of
these
studies,
published
in
The
journal
of
Applied
Gerontology
,
surveyed
150
Connecticut
residents
of
assisted
living,
nursing
homes
and smaller
residential care homes (known in some states as
board and care homes or
精选
adult
care
homes).
Researchers
from
the
University
of
Connecticut
Health
Center
asked the residents a
large number of questions about their quality of
life, emotional
well-being and social
interaction, as well as about the quality of the
facilities.
[E]
“We
thought
we
would
see
differences
based
on
the
housing
types,”
said
the
lead
author
of
the
study,
Julie
Robison,
an
associate
professor
of
medicine
at
the
university. A reasonable
assumption
—don’t families struggle to
avoid nursing homes
and suffer real
guilt if they can’t?
[F]
In the initial results, assisted living
residents did paint the most positive picture.
They
were
less
likely
to
report
symptoms
of
depression
than
those
in
the
other
facilities, for
instance, and less likely to
be bored
or lonely. They scored higher on
social
interaction.
[G]
But
when
the
researchers
plugged
in
a
number
of
other
variables,
such
differences disappeared. It is not the
housing type, they found, that creates differences
in residents’ responses. “It is the
characteristics of the specific environment they
are
in, combined with their own
personal characteristics
—
how
healthy they feel they are,
their age
and marital status,” Dr. Robison explained.
Whether residents felt involved
in the
decision to move and how long they had lived there
also proved significant.
[H]
An elderly person who describes herself
as in poor health, therefore, might be
no less depressed in assisted living
(even if her children preferred it) than in a
nursing
home. A person who bad input
into where he would move and has had time to adapt
to
it might
do as
well in a nursing home
as in
a small
residential
care
home, other
factors being equal. It is an
interaction between the person and the place, not
the sort
of place in itself, that leads
to better or worse experiences. “You can’t just
say, ‘Let’s
put
this
person
in
a
residential
care
home
instead
of
a
nursing
home
—
she
will
be
much
better off,’
” Dr. Robison
said. What matters, she added, “is a combination
of
what people bring in with them, and
what they find there.”
[I]
Such findings, which run counter to
common sense, have surfaced before. In a
multi-state
study
of
assisted
living,
for
instance,
University
of
North
Carolina
researchers found that a host of
variables
—the facility’s type, size or
age; whether a
chain owned it; how
attractive the neighborhood
was
—
had no significant
relationship
to
how
the
residents
fared
in
terms
of
illness,
mental
decline,
hospitalizations
or
mortality. What mattered most was the
residents’ physical health and mental status.
What
people
were
like
when
they
came
in
had
greater
consequence
than
what
happened once they were there.
[J]
As
I
was
considering
all
this,
a
press
release
from
a
respected
research
firm
crossed my desk,
announcing that the five-star rating system that
Medicare developed
in 2008 to help
families compare nursing home quality also has
little relationship to
how satisfied
its residents or their family members are. As a
matter of fact, consumers
精选
expressed higher satisfaction with
the one-star facilities, the lowest
rated, than with
the five-
star ones. (More on this study and the star
ratings will appear in a subsequent
post.)
[K]
Before
we
collectively
tear
our
hair
out
—
how
are
we
supposed
to
find
our
way
in
a
landscape
this
confusing?
—
here
is
a
thought
from
Dr.
Philip
Sloane,
a
geriatrician
（老年病学专家）
at
the University of North
Carolina
：
“In a
way, that
could be
liber
ating for families.”
[L]
Of
course,
sons
and
daughters
want
to
visit
the
facilities,
talk
to
the
administrators and residents and other
families, and do everything possible to fulfill
their duties. But perhaps they don’t
have to turn themselves into priv
ate
investigators
or
Congressional
subcommittees.
“Families
can
look
a
bit
more
for
where
the
residents are going to
be happy,
” Dr. Sloane said. And
involving the future resident in
the
process can be very important.
[M]
We
all
have
our
own
ideas
about
what
would
bring
our
parents
happiness.
They
have
their
ideas,
too.
A
friend
recently
took
her
mother
to
visit
an
expensive
assisted
living/nursing
home
near
my
town.
I
have
seen
this
place
—
it
is
elegant,
inside
and
out.
But
nobody
greeted
the
daughter
and
mother
when
they
arrived,
though
the
visit
had
been
planned;
nobody
introduced
them
to
the
other
residents.
When they had lunch in the dining room,
they sat alone at a table.
[N]
The daughter feared her mother would be
ignored there, and so she decided to
move her into a more welcoming
facility. Based on what is emerging from some of
this research, that might have been as
rational a way as any to reach a decision.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答。
36.
Many people feel guilty when they
cannot find a place other than a nursing home
for their parents.
37.
Though it
helps for children to investigate care facilities,
involving their parents in
the
decision-making process may prove very important.
38.
It is really difficult to tell if
assisted living is better than a nursing home.
39.
How a resident feels depends on an
interaction between themselves and the care
facility they live in.
40.
The
author
thinks
her
friend
made
a
rational
decision
in
choosing
a
more
hospitable place over an apparently
elegant assisted living home.
精选
41. The system
Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is
of little help to
finding a
satisfactory place.
42.
At first the
researchers of the most recent study found
residents in assisted living
facilities
gave higher scores on social interaction.
43.
What kind of care facility old people
live in may be less important than we think.
44.
The findings of the latest research
were similar to an earlier multi-state study of
assisted living.
45.
A resident’s
satisfaction with a care facility has much to do
with whether they had
participated in the decision to move in
and how long they had stayed there.
Section C
Directions:
There are 2 passages in this section.
Each passage is followed by some
questions
or
unfinished
statements.
For
each
of
them
there
are
four
choices
marked
A),
B),
C)
and
D).
You
should
decide
on
the
best
choice
and
mark
the
corresponding
letter
on
Answer
Sheet
2
with
a
single
line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to
50 are based on following passage.
As
Artificial
Intelligence
(AI)
becomes
increasingly
sophisticated,
there
are
growing
concerns
that
robots
could
become
a
threat.
This
danger
can
be
avoided,
according to computer science professor
Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn
human values into a programmable code.
Russell
argues t
hat
as
robots take on more
complicated tasks,
it’s necessary to
translate our morals
into AI language.
For example, if a robot does chores
around the house, you wouldn’t want it to
put the pet cat in the oven to make
dinner for the hungry children. “You
would want
that robot
preloaded with a good set of values,” said
Russell.
Some
robots
are
already
programmed
with
basic
human
values.
For
example,
mobile robots have
been programmed to keep a comfortable distance
from humans.
Obviously there are
cultural differences, but if you were talking to
another person and
they came up close
in your personal space, you wouldn’t think that's
the kind of thing
a properly brought-up
person would do.
It will be possible to create more
sophisticated moral machines, if only we can
find a way to set out human values as
clear rules.
Robots could also learn values from
drawing patterns from large sets of data on
human behavior. They are dangerous only
if programmers are careless.
The
biggest
concern
with
robots
going
against
human
values
is
that
human
beings fail to do
sufficient testing and they’ve produced a system
that will break some
kind of
taboo
(
禁忌
).
精选
One simple check
would be to
program
a
robot
to
check the correct
course
of
action with a human when presented
with an unusual situation.
If the robot is unsure whether an
animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the
opportunity to stop, send out
beeps
(
嘟嘟声
), and
ask for directions from a human. If
we
humans aren’t quite sure about a decision, we go
and ask som
ebody else.
The
most difficult step in programming values will be
deciding exactly what we
believe is
moral, and how to create a set of ethical rules.
But if we come up with an
answer,
robots could be good for humanity.
注意：此
部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答。
46. What does the author say about the
threat of robots?
A) It may constitute a challenge to
computer programmers.
B) It accompanies all machinery
involving high technology.
C) It can be avoided if human values
are translated into their language.
D) It has
become an inevitable peril as technology gets more
sophisticated.
47. What
would we think of a person who invades our
personal space according to the
author?
A) They are
aggressive.
B)
They are outgoing.
C) They are ignorant.
D) They are
ill-bred.
48. How do robots
learn human values?
A) By interacting with human in
everyday life situations.
B) By following the daily routines of
civilized human beings.
C) By picking up patterns from massive
data on human behavior.
D) By imitating the
behavior of properly brought
–
up human beings.
49. What will a well-
programmed robot do when facing an unusual
situation?
A)
Keep a distance from possible dangers.
B) Stop to seek advice from
a human being.
C) Trigger its built-in alarm system at
once.
D) Do sufficient testing before taking
action.
50.
What is most difficult to do when we turn human
values into a programmable
code
？
A) Determine what is moral
and ethical.
B)
Design some large-scale experiments.
C) Set rules for man-
machine interaction.
D) Develop a more
sophisticated program.
精选
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the
following passage.
Why
do
some
people
live
to
be
older
than
others?
You
know
the
standard
explanations:
keeping
a
moderate
diet,
engaging
in
regular
exercise,
etc.
But
what
effect does your personality on your
longevity
(
长寿
)? Do some kinds of personalities
lead to longer lives? A new study in
the
Journal of the American Geriatrics
Society
looked at this
question by examining the personality
characteristics of 246 children of
people who had lived to be at least
100.
The study
shows that those living the longest are more
outgoing, more active and
less
< br>neurotic
(
神经质的
)
than other people. Long-living women are also more
likely to
be sympathetic and
cooperative than women with a normal life span.
These findings
are
in
agreement
with
what
you
would
expect
from
the
evolutionary
theory:
those
who
like
to
make
friends
and
help
others
can
gather
enough
resources
to
make
it
through tough times.
Interestingly,
however,
other
characteristics
that
you
might
consider
advantageous had no
impact on whether study participants were likely
to live longer.
Those who were more
self-disciplined, for instance, were no more
likely to live to be
very old. Also,
being open to new ideas had no relationship to
long life, which might
explain all
those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in
their ways.
Whether you can successfully change
your personality as an adult is the subject
of a longstanding psychological debate.
But the new paper suggests that if you want
long life, you should strive to be as
outgoing as possible.
Unfortunately,
another
recent
study
shows
that
your
mother’s
personality
may
also
help
determine
your
longevity.
That
study
looked
at
nearly
28,000
Norwegian
mothers
and
found
that
those
moms
who
were
more
anxious,
depressed
and
angry
were
more likely to feed their kids unhealthy diets.
Patterns of childhood eating can
be
hard to break when we're adults, which may mean
that kids of depressed moms end
up
dying younger.
Persona
lity
isn’t
destiny
(
命运
), and
everyone knows that individuals can learn to
change. But both studies show that long
life isn't just a matter of your physical health
but of your mental health.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答
。
51. The aim of the study
in the
Journal of the American
Geriatrics Society
is _____.
A)
to see whether people’s personality
affects their
life span
B)
to find out
if one’s lifestyle has any effect on their
health
C) to investigate the role of exercise
in living a long life
D) to examine all the
factors contributing to longevity
52
．
What does the
author imply about outgoing and sympathetic
people?
精选
A) They have a good
understanding of evolution.
B) They are better at
negotiating an agreement.
C) They generally appear more
resourceful.
D)
They are more likely to get over hardship.
53. What finding of the
study might prove somewhat out of our expectation?
A) Easy-going people can also live a
relatively long life.
B) Personality
characteristics that prove advantageous actually
vary with times.
C) Such personality
characteristics as self-discipline have no effect
on longevity.
D) Readiness to accept
new ideas helps one enjoy longevity.
54. What does the recent study of
Norwegian mothers show?
A)
Children’s
personality
characteristics
are
invariably
determined
by
their
mothers.
B) People with unhealthy
eating habits are likely to die sooner.
C)
Mothers’ influence on children may last
longer than fathers’.
D)
Mothers’
negative
personality
characteristics
may
affect
their
children’s
life
spans.
55. What
can we learn from the findings of the two new
studies?
A)
Anxiety and depression
more often than not cut short one’s life
span.
B) Longevity results from a combination
of mental and physical health.
C) Personality plays a
decisive role in how healthy one is.
D)
Health is in large part related to
one’s lifestyle.
Part IV Translation
(30 minutes)
Directions:
For this part, you are allowed 30
minutes to translate a passage from
Chinese into English. You should write
your
Answer Sheet 2
.
功夫
(Kung
Fu)
是中国武术
(martial arts)
的俗称。中国武术的起源可以追溯到
自卫的需要、
狩
猎活动以及古代中国的军事训练。
它是中国传统体育运动的一种，
年轻人和老年人都练。
它已逐渐演变成了中国文化的独特元素。
作为中国的国宝，
功夫有上百种不同的风格，
是世界上练得最
多的武术形式。
有些风格模仿了动物
的动作，还有一些则受到了
中国哲学思想、神话和传说的启发。
注意：此部分试题请在答
题卡
2
上作答。
精选
2016
年
6
月大学英语四级真题（第
1
套）答案解析
Directions:
In this section, you will hear three
news reports. At
the
end
of
each
news
report,
you
will
hear
two
or
three
questions.
Both
the
news
report
and
the
questions
will
be
spoken only once. After you hear a
question, you must choose
the best
answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and
D).
听力原文
:
The
International
Labor
Organization
says
the
number
of
people without jobs is
increasing. In its latest update on global
employment
trends,
the
agency
says
projections
of
the
number
of
unemployed
people
this
year
range
from
210
million
to nearly 240 million people. The report warns
that 200
million poor workers are at
risk of joining the ranks of people
living on less than 2 dollars per day
in the past three years. The
director
general of the International Labor Organization
Juan
Somavia
notes
that
some
countries
have
taken
measures
to
address the effects of the global
crisis. However, he points out
that
many
countries
have
not
done
so.
And
based
on
past
experiences, it takes four to five
years after economic recovery
for
unemployment to return to pre-crisis levels. Mr.
Somavia
says
the
International
Labor
Organization
is
proposing
a
global job’s agreement to deal with
unemployment.
精选
“Its key objective is to place the
center of
recovery efforts
—
measures that would
generate high levels of employment
and
provide basic social protection for the most
vulnerable.”
Questions:
1.
What is the
news report mainly about?
2.
What
does
Juan
Somavia
，
Director-
General
of
the
International Labor Organization
say?
音频
:
翻译
:
国际
劳工组织表示，失业人数正在增加。该机构在最新更新的全
球就业趋势报告中表示，预测
今年失业人口将从
2.1
亿人增加至近
2.4
亿人。该报告警告说，在过去三年中，有
2
亿贫困工人面临着加
入每日生活费低于
2
美元人群的风险。
国际劳工组织总干事胡安·索
马
维亚指出，一些国家已经采取措施以应对全球危机的影响。但是，
他指出仍有许多国家没
有这样做。
根据以往的经验，
经济复苏失业率
< br>要恢复到危机前的水平，需要
4
到
5
年的时间。索马维亚表示，为解
决失业问题，国际劳工组织
正在商议一个全球就业协议。
“其主要目标是把工作的重点放
在恢复上，将采取创造高水平就
业机会的措施，并为弱势群体提供基础社会保障。”
问题：
1.<
/p>
新闻报道的主要内容是什么
?
2.
国际劳工组织总干事胡安·索马维亚说了什么
?
精选
1.
A. The
International Labor Organization's key
objective.
B. The basic
social protection for the most
vulnerable.
C. Rising
unemployment worldwide.
D.
Global economic recovery.
正确答案
: C
解析
:
Q:
What is the news report mainly
about?
推理题。
结合整段独白内容可知，
国际劳工组织表示失业人数正在增加，
并且
进一步说明一些国家为应对经济危机已经采取措施，
< br>而一些国家并未
重视危机。对此劳工组织正商议全球性的就业协议以改善失业问题
。
因此
C
项
“
全球失业率上升”符合题意，故本题答案为
C
。
Q:
What is the news
report mainly about?
2
、
A.
Many countries have not taken measures to create
enough
jobs.B.
Few
countries
know
how
to
address
the
current
economic crisis.C. Few countries have
realized the seriousness
of
the
current
crisis.D.
Many
countries
need
support
to
improve their people's
livelihood.
正确答案
:
A
解析
:
精选
Q:
What
does
Juan
Somavia,
Director-General
of
the
International Labor Organization
say?
细节题。
根据独白中“some countries have taken
measures to address
the
effects
of
the
global
crisis .However,
he
points
out
that
many countries have not
done so”可知，
一些国家已经采取措施
以应对全球危机
的影响。
但是，
他指出仍有许多国家并未采取相应措
施。
因此
A
项“许多国家
没有采取措施以创造足够的就业机会”符
合题意。故本题答案为
A
。
Questions 3and
4 are based on the news report you have just
heard.
听力原文
:
Big fast food chains in New York City
have started to obey a
first-of-its-
kind
rule,
requiring
them
to
post
calorie
counts
right
on
the
menu.
Cathy
Nonas
is
with
the
New
York
City
Department of Health.
“We wanted to give people an
opportunity to actually see
the
calories
before
they
purchase
the
food
and
make
a
decision and inform
decision. That if they want to make their
healthier choice, if they want to eat
fewer calories, they can.
And we expect
this will have a huge impact on obesity. And of
精选
course, if it
has an impact on obesity, it will have an impact
on
diabetes, and heart disease, and
high blood pressure.
”
The new rules will be introduced as a
part of anti-obesity
campaign that also
includes a recent citywide ban on artificial
trans
fats
in
restaurant
food.
The
menu
rule
only
applies
to
restaurants that serve standardized
potion sizes and have fifty
or more
locations nationwide.
Starting last Saturday, chains big
enough to fall under the
rule
will
face
penalties
about
2,000
dollars
for
not
showing
calorie
information
in
a
prominent
spot
on
their
menus,
preferably next to
the price.
Questions:
3.
What are big fast food chains in New York City
required to
do according to the new
rule?
4. What will happen to
big restaurant chains that violate the
new rule?
音频
:
翻译
:
纽约
市的大型快餐连锁店已经开始遵循一项“第一原则”的规
定，
要
求他们在菜单上标明卡路里含量。
凯西·诺斯就职于纽约市的
卫
生部门。
精选
“我们想给人们一个机会，让他们在做出购买食物的决定之前能
够看到食物的真实卡
路里含量。
如果他们想要做出更健康的选择，
如
果他们想要摄入更少的卡路里，
就可以做出明智的决定。
并且我们预
计这将对肥胖产生巨大影响。当然，如果它对肥胖有影响，它将对糖
尿病、心脏病和高血压也产生影响。”
新规
定将作为反肥胖运动的一部分被引入，该运动还包括最近在
全市范围内禁止在餐馆食品中
使用人造反式脂肪。
菜单上的规定只适
用于提供标准化规格大小
、
并且在全国范围内有五十个或者是更多连
锁店的餐厅。
从上个星期六开始，那些规模符合要求的连锁店如果没有在菜单
的显眼位置（最好是在价格旁边）标注卡路里信息的话，将面临大约
2000
美元的罚款。
问题：
3.
根据新规定纽约市的大型快餐连锁店需要做什么？
4.
违背新规定的大型连锁餐厅会面临着什么问题？
3
、
A.
Serve
standardized
food
nationwide.
B.
Put
calorie
information
on
the
menu.
C.
Increase
protein
content
in
the
food. D. Offer convenient food to
customers.
正确答案
:
B
解析
:
精选
Q: What are
big fast food chains in New York City required to
do according to the new
rule?
推理题。
结合整段独白内容可知，
纽约市的大型快餐连锁店已经开始遵循一项
新规定，
即在菜单上标明卡路里含量。
接下来新
闻指出此规定的目的
作用及违规惩罚。因此选项
B
“在菜单上标注卡路里信息”符合题
意，故本题答案为
B
。
4
、
A.
They will be fined.B. They will be closed.C. They
will get a
warning.D. They will lose
customers.
正确答案
:
A
解析
:
Q: What will happen to big restaurant
chains that violate the
new
rule?
细节题。
根据独白中“chains big enough to fall under
the rule will face
penalties
about
2,000
dollars
for
not
showing
calorie
information
in
a
prominent
spot
on
their
menus,
preferably
next to the price
”可知，
那些规模符合要求的连锁店如果没有在菜
单的显眼位置
（最好是在价格旁边）标注卡路里信息的话，将面临大
约
200
0
美元的罚款。
因此
A
项“他们将被罚款”符合题意。故本题
答案为
A
。
精选
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news
report you have just
heard.
听力原文
:
Almost
all
companies
recognize
the
importance
of
innovation
today,
but
not
many
are
able
to
integrate
innovation into
their business. A commentary in the
Shanghai
Daily
points
out
that
innovation
doesn’t
mean
piles
of
documents.
It'
s
something
more
practical.
The
article
says
many
people
tend
to
assume
that
innovation
just
means
creating
something
new,
but
actually
it’s
more
than
that.
It’s an attitude of doing things. A
company should find ways
to innovate
not just in products but also in functions,
business
models and
processes.
The article cites
the global giant Procter & Gamble as an
example, saying a real innovative
company should develop an
innovation
culture
and
use
it
as
a
primary
tool
for
success.
Procter & Gamble
has a “Corporate Innovation Fund”, which
offers big rewards for high-risk ideas
that succeed. It also has
a
special
innovation
facility for
its employees.
Sometimes its
employees
are
released
from
their
daily
jobs
for
weeks,
and
spend their time interacting in the
innovation facility instead.
In
conclusion,
the
article
says
innovative
ideas
alone
do
not
精选
ensure
success.
It’s
pointless
unless
there
is
a
repeatable
process in place
to turn inspiration into financial
performance.
Questions:
is
the problem with many companies according to the
news report?
do
many people tend to think of
innovation?
does the
company Procter & Gamble owe its success
to?
音频
:
翻译
:
现如
今，几乎所有的公司都认识到创新的重要性，但并没有多少
企业能够将创新融入到业务中
去。
《上海日报》的一篇评论指出，创
新并不意味着成堆的文件
。这更实际一些。这篇文章指出，很多人倾
向于认为创新仅仅意味着创造一些新的事物，
但实际上它不止于此。
这是一种处事的态度。
一个公司不仅要在
产品上创新，
还要想方设法
在功能、商业模式和流程中创新。<
/p>
文章以全球巨头宝洁公司为例，指出一个真正的创新型企业应该
发展创新文化，
并将其作为成功的主要工具。
< br>宝洁公司拥有“企业创
新基金”，
为成功的高风险创意理
念提供了丰厚的回报。
基金还为员
工提供了特殊的创新设施。有
时，员工们会从日常工作中释放几周，
并把时间花在创新设施上。
最后，
文章指出创新的想法本身并不能确
精选
保成功。
除非有一个可重复的过程来将灵感转化为财
务业绩，
否则毫
无意义。
问题：
5.
根据新闻报道，许多公司面临的问题是什么？
6.
很多人所认为的创新是什么？
<
/p>
7.
宝洁公司将其成功之处归功于什么？
5
、
1.
Inability
to
implement
their
business
plans.B.
Inability
to
keep
turning
out
novel
products.C.
Lack
of
a
successful
business model of their own.D. Failure
to integrate innovation
into their
business.
正确答案
：
D
解析
:
Q:
what is the problem with many companies according
to the
news report?
细节题。
根据独白中“Almost
all
companies
recognize
the
importance
of
innovation
today,
but
not
many
are
able
to
integrate
innovation
into
their
busine
ss”可知，几乎所有的公司都认识到
创新的重要性，但并没有多少企业能够将创新真正
融入到业务中去，
因此
D
项“未能将创
新融入业务”符合题意。故本题答案为
D
。
6
、
精选
1.
It
is
the
secret
to
business
success.B.
It
is
the
creation
of
something new.C. It is a magic tool to
bring big rewards.D. It is
an essential
part of business culture.
正确答案
: B
解析
:
Q:
What do many people tend to think of
innovation?
细节题。
根据独白中“The article says many people
tend
to assume that
innovation
just
means
creating
something
new,
but
actually
it’s
more than that”可知，很多人倾向于认为创新仅仅意味着创
造一些新的
东西，
但实际上它远不止于此。
因此
B
项
“创新就是创造
新的东西”符合题意
，故本题答案为
B
。
7
、
1.
Its
hardworking
employees.B.
Its
flexible
promotion
strategy.C.
Its
innovation
culture.D.
Its
willingness
to
make
investments.
正确答案
: C
解析
:
Q:
What does the company Procter & Gamble owe its
success
to?
推理题。
精选
根
据<
/p>
独
白
中
“The
article
cites
the
global
giant
Procter
&
Gamble
as
an
example,
saying
a
real
innovative
company
should develop an innovation culture
and use it as a primary
tool for succes
s”可知，评论以宝洁公司的创新为例，指出一个真
正的创新型企业应该是发展创新文化
，
并将文化创新作为成功的主要
工具。由此可推知，宝洁公司将
其成功归功于文化创新，因此
C
项
“它
的文化创新”符合题意，故本题答案为
C
。
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the
conversation you have just
heard.
听力原文
:
M:
So,
Lyndsay,
do
you
like
to
text
message
on
your
cell
phone?
W: Yeah, I
text message a lot.
M: I
don’t do it so much. I prefer to make a call if
I’m in a
hurry.
W: Yeah, I go both ways. Sometimes I
don ’t really want to
talk
to
the
person.
I
just
want
to
ask
them
one
question,
so
it’s mu
ch easier for me just
to text message. If 1 call
them
，
I’ll have to have a
long conversation.
M:
Yeah,
I
can
see
what
you
mean.
But
I
get
off
the
phone
pretty quickly when I
call. I ’m not a big talker.
W: Yeah, that's true. You don’t talk a
lot.
精选
M: So are you fast at writing the
messages with your thumb?
W:
Well, when I first got a cell phone, I was so
slow. I thought I
would
never
text
message.
But
then
people
kept
text-
messaging
me,
so
I
felt
obliged
to
learn
how
to
text
message.
So now I’m pretty fast.
What about
you?
M: Actually I have the
opposite problem. When I first got my
cell
phone,
I
thought
it
was
so
cool
to
text
message
all
my
friends
who
have
one,
and
I
was
pretty
fast
with
my
thumb
then. But it seems
like now I don11 use it so much. I’ve
got
slower
actually.
W: Yeah, I think
text messaging actually sort of has to do with
your
age.
For
example,
people
in
high
school,
they
text
message
a
lot.
But
I
asked
my
father
if
he
texted
messages,
and guess what he said?
M: What?
W:
He
said
he'd
never
tex
t
message.
He
thinks
it’s
very
childish and unprofessional to text
message.
M:
Yeah,
I
can
see
what
he
means.
It’s
considered
pretty
informal to text message to
someone.
Questions:
8.
What does the
man say about himself?
精选
9.
What
does
the
woman
tend
to
do
while
she
is
on
the
phone?
10. Why
did the man text message all his friends when he
first
got his cell phone?
11. What does the woman’s father think
of text messaging?
音频
:
翻译
:
男：林赛，你喜欢在手机上发短信吗？
女：是的，我经常发短信。
男：我不经常这么做。如果我赶时间，我更愿意打个电话。
<
/p>
女：是的，我是两者都使用的。有时我真的不想和那个人说话。我只
是想问他们一个问题，所以对我而言，给他们发个短信就简单多了。
如果我给他们打电
话的话，就不得不长时间的谈话。
男：是的，我能明白你的意
思。但是当我打电话时，我很快就会挂电
话。我不是个健谈之人。
女：是的，这倒是真的。你话不多。男：你写信息的时候拇指打字速
度很快吗？
女：当我第一次拿手机发信息的时候，我
很慢。我以为我永远不会发
短信。
但是当人们不停地给我发短信
时，
我觉得自己有必要学习如何
发短信。所以现在我很快。那你
呢？
精选
男：其实我和你恰恰相反。
当我拥有第一部手机的时候，我觉得给所
有拥有手机的朋友发短信是一件超酷的事情，
那时我拇指打字速度很
快。但现在看来，我并不怎么用它了。实际上我变慢了。
女：
是的，
我认为短信实际上与你的年龄有关。
例如，
在高中的时候，
人们经常发短信。但我问我
父亲他是否发短信，猜猜他说什么？
男：什么？
女：他说他绝不会发短信。他认为短信很幼稚，很不专业。
<
/p>
男：是的，我明白他的意思了。他认为给别人发短信非常不正式。
问
题：
8.
那位男士说了自己什么？
9.
那位女士在打电话时倾向于做些什么？
10.
为什么这位男士第一次拿到手机时会给他的所有朋友们发
短信
呢？
11.
那位女士的父亲怎样看待发短信这个问题？
8
、
A.
He’s got addicted to technology.B. He is not very
good at
socializing.C. He is crazy
about text-messaging.D. He does not
talk long on the
phone
.
正确答案
：
D
解析
:
Q:
What does the man say about himself?
推理题。
精选
根据整段对话内容可知，
男士询问女士是否喜欢发短信，
女士表示喜
欢
并给出了自己的理由，
男士则持相反态度，
表明自己更倾向于打
电
话，并且自己不善言辞打电话时很快就会挂电话。由此可知，男士通
< br>话时长并不长。因此
D
项
“他打
电话不会说太久”符合题意，故本
题答案为
D
< br>。
9
、
A.
Talk big.B. Talk at length.C. Gossip a lot.D.
Forget herself.
正确答案
: B
解析
:
Q:
What
does
the
woman
tend
to
do
while
she
is
on
the
phone?
推理题。
根据对话中“Sometimes
I
don’t
reall
y
want
to
talk
to
the
person.
I
just
want
to ask them
one question, so
it’s much
easier for me just
to text message. If 1 call them
，I’ll
have to
have a long conversation
”可知，
这位女士有时候不想打电话的原
因是因为她并
不想和对方交流，
只想咨询对方一个问题，
发短信便捷
简单，如果选择通话，则不得不要聊很久。由此可推知，女士打电话
时会
交谈很久，
因此
B
项
< br>“交谈很久”符合题意，故本题答案为
B
。
10
、
精选
1.
He
thought
it
was
cool.B.
He
needed
the
practice.C.
He
wanted
to
stay
connected
with
them.D.
He
had
an
urgent
message
to send.
正确答案
:
A
解析
:
Q: Why did the man text message all his
friends when he first
got his cell
phone?
细节题。
根据对话中“When I first got my cell phone, I
thought it was so
cool to text
mes
sage all my friends who have one”可知，
男士
说在自己拥有第一部手机时，
他
觉
得给所有拥有手机的朋友发短信是
超酷的一件事。
因此
A
项“他认为这样超酷”符合题意。故本题答
案
为
A
。
11
、
1.
It
poses
a
challenge
to
seniors.B.
It
saves
both
time
and
money.C.
It
is
childish
and
unprofessional.D.
It
is
cool
and
convenient.
正确答案
: C
解析
:
Q:
What does the woman’s father think of text
messaging?
细节题。
精选
根据对话中“He said
he’d never text message. He thinks it’s
very childish and unprofessional to
text message
”可知，女士
的父亲表示自己从来<
/p>
不会发短信，
因为他认为发短信的行为很幼稚又
< br>很不正式。
因此
C
项
“这很幼稚并且不够专业”符合题意，故本题
答案为
C
。
Questions
12
to 15
are
based
on the conversation you
have
just heard.
听力原文
:
W: Good morning, Mr. Johnson. How can I
help you?
M:
Well,
I’d
like
to
talk
to
you
about
Tim
Bond,
the
department manager.
W: What seems to be the
problem?
M: Well, ever since
Sandra left the department
，
I
feel like I've
been targeted to do all
her work as well as mine. I'm expected
to attend too many meetings and I seem
to be spending a lot
of my time doing
unnecessary paper work.
W:
I’m sor
ry to hear that.
M: And
，
on top of
that
，I’d specifically asked if I could
leave
early last Friday as J done a lot
of overtime during the week.
But
that
afternoon,
even
though
I’d
finished
my
assigned
work, I was told to
help other colleagues finish their
work
，
too.
精选
W:
But
surely
that’s
a
positive
sign
showing
that
Mr.
Bond
has a lot of trust in
you.
M:
Yes,
but
other
colleagues
get
to
leave
early,
and
they
don’t have such a lot
of work to do.
W:
So
you
feel
he’s
really
making
unrealistic
demands
on
you?
M: Yes,
absolutely.
W:
Have
you
approached
Mr.
Bond
about
this
particular
problem?
M: I’ve
tried, but it seems like he just has no time for
me.
W:
Well,
at
this
stage,
it
would
be
better
if
you
approached
him
directly.
If
nothing
else
showing
that
you’ve
tried
to
solve the problem yourself before you
take it further, make it
clear that
you’re just not a complainer.
Why
don’t
you
send
an
email
requesting
a
meeting
with
him in private?
M:
Hmm,
I’ve
been
a
bit
worried
about
his
reaction.
But
anyway, I’ll send him an email to
request a meeting, and I’ll
see what
happens through that. Thanks for your
advice.
W: Good luck. And
let us know the outcome.
Questions:
12.
What do we learn about the man from the
conversation?
精选
13. What is the man's chief
complaint?
14. How does the
woman interpret the fact that the man was
asked to help his colleagues with their
work?
15. What did the woman
advise the man to do?
音频
:
翻译
:
女：早上好，约翰逊先生。我能帮你什么吗？
男：我想跟你谈谈部门经理蒂姆·邦德。
女：似乎是有什么问题？
男：
从桑德拉离开了这个部门开始，
我觉得我已经有针对性的做了她
所有的工作以及我自己的工作。
我预计会出席太多的会议，
我似乎花
了很多时间去做不必要的文书工作。
女：很遗憾听到这个消息。
男：最重
要的是，
我特意问我是否可以在上周五早些时候离开，因为
我在
这周加了很多次班。
但那天下午，
即使我已经完成了分配的工作
，
却仍被告知要帮助其他同事完成他们的工作。
女：但这肯定是个正面的预兆，表明邦德先生对你很信任。
<
/p>
男：
是，
但其他同事可以早早离开，
并且他们没有这么多的工作要做。
女：所以你觉得他真的对你提出了不切实际的要求吗？
男：是的，当然。
女：那你有没有和邦德先生近一步谈过这个问题？
男：我尝试过，但似乎他没时间搭理我。
精选
女：在这个阶段，如果你直接跟
他说明，会好些。如果没有其他迹象
表示你已经尝试自己更进一步的解决问题之前，
请先明确一点，
那就
是你不仅仅是个抱怨者
。
你为什么不发一封电子邮件请求和他私下会
面呢？
男：嗯，我有点担心他的反应。但无论如何，我会给他发一封电子邮
件来要求碰面，看看会发生些什么。谢谢你的建议。
女：祝你好运。告诉我们最后的结果。
问题：
1.
我们从谈话中了解到那位男士怎么了？
2.
该男子抱怨的主要问题是什么？
3.
这位女士如何解释这位男士被要
求帮助他的同事加班工作的这一
情况？
4.
那位女士建议男士怎么做？
12
、
A.
He
wants
to
change
his
job
assignment.B.
He
is
unhappy
with
his department manager.C. He thinks he deserves
extra
pay for overtime.D. He is often
singled out for criticism by his
boss.
正确答案
:
B
解析
:
Q: What do we learn about the man from
the conversation?
推理题。
精选
结合整段对话内容可知，
男士想要跟女士抱怨部门经理的事情，
男士
指
出部门经理让其做额外工作、加班、开会，由此可推知，男士对其
部门经理很不满意。<
/p>
因此
B
项
“他对
部门经理不满”符合题意，
故本
题答案为
B
。
13
、
A.
His workload
was much too heavy.B. His immediate boss did
not trust him.C. His colleagues often
refused to cooperate.D.
His salary was
too low for his responsibility.
正确答案
: A
解析
:
Q:
What is the man's chief complaint?
推理题。
根据对话中“I’m
expected to attend too many meetings and I
seem
to
be
spending
a
lot
of
my
time
doing
unnecessary
paper
work”和“I’d
specifically
asked
if
I could
leave
early
last
Friday
as
J
done
a
lot
of
overtime
during
the
week.
But
that afternoon, even though I’d
finished my assigned work, I
was told
to help other colleagues finish their work
< br>，too”可知，
男士向女士主要抱怨自己加班、开会、写材料等繁重的工作，本
周多
次加班，
并且即使完成任务也被经理告知要帮助同事继续工
作。
由此
可推知，男士主要抱怨自己工作任务繁重。因此
A
项“他的工作任
务太过繁重”符合题意。故
本题答案为
A
。
精选
14
、
A.
He never knows how to refuse.
B.
He
is
always
ready
to
help
others.C.
His boss
has
a
lot
of
trust in
him.D. His boss has no sense of
fairness.
正确答案
:
C
解析
:
Q: How does the woman interpret the
fact that the man was
asked to help his
colleagues with their work?
细节题。
根据对话中“But
surely that’s a positive sign showing that Mr.
Bond has a lot of trust in you”可知，女士认为经
理给男士布置任
务是信任男士的表现。因此
C
< br>项“他的上司很信任他”符合题意。
故本题答案为
C
。
15
、
1.
Put
all
his
complaints
in
writing.B.
Wait
and
see
what
happens next.C. Learn to say no when
necessary.D. Talk to his
boss in person
first.
正确答案
:
D
解析
:
Q: What did the woman advise the man to
do?
细节题。
精选
根
据<
/p>
对
话
“Well,
at
this
stage,
it
would
be
better
if
you
approached him directly. If nothing
else showing that you’ve
tried to solve
the problem yourself before you take it further,
make it clear that you’re just not a co
mplainer.”可知，女士建
议男士应当发电子邮件约谈部门经理，而不是抱怨此
事。因此
D
项
“首先要与老板见面约谈
”符合题意。故本题答案为
D
。
Questions
16
to
18
are based
on
the
passage
you
have
just
heard.
听力原文
:
The
massive
decline
in
sleep
happened
so
slowly
and
quietly that few seemed to notice the
trend. Was it because of
the
growing
attraction
of
the
Internet,
video
games
and
endless
TV
channels?
Never
disconnecting
from
work?
No
matter
how
it
happened,
millions
of
Americans
are
putting
their health,
quality of life and even length of life in danger.
New
evidence
shows
why
getting
enough
sleep
is
a
top
priority.
Some
40%
of
Americans
get
less
than
7
hours
of
shut-
eye on week nights.
“The link between sleep and health,
and
bad
sleep
and
disease
is
becoming
clearer
and
clearer,”says
Lawrence
Epstein,
a
sleep
expert
at
Harvard
University.
For
example,
sleep
duration
has
declined
from
some 8 hours in the 1950s to 7 in
recent years. At the same
精选
time, high blood pressure has become an
increasing problem.
Blood
pressure
and
heart
rate
are
typically
at
their
lowest
levels during sleep. People who sleep
less tend to have higher
blood
pressure, heart attack, diabetes, weight gain and
other
problems.
Sleeping better may help fight off
illness. When people are
sleep-
deprived, there are higher levels of stress
hormones in
their bodies which can
decrease immune function. says Doctor
Felice
of
Northwestern
University
in
Chicago.
A
university
of
Chicago study shows people who sleep
well live longer. So say
“good
night”
,
sooner
and
it
may
help
you
stay
active
and
vital
to a ripe old age.
Questions:
16.
What is the speaker mainly talking
about?
17. What do we learn
from the talk about today’s Americans?
18. What does the speaker say will
happen to people who lack
sleep?
音频
:
翻译
:
睡眠
质量的大幅下降是发生得如此缓慢而平静，以至于很少有人
注意到这种趋势。
这是因为互联网、
电子游戏和没完没了的电视频道
精选
的吸引力越来越大了、
并且从未
中断工作吗？无论如何，
数百万美国
人正在把自己的健康、生活
质量、甚至寿命都置于危险当中。
新的证据表明，为何获得足
够的睡眠是首要任务。大约有
40%
的
美国人在一周之中晚上的睡眠时间少于
7
个小时。
哈佛大学睡眠专家
劳伦斯·爱泼斯坦说：
“睡眠与健
康、
睡眠质量不佳和疾病之间的关
联愈发清晰。”例如
,
睡眠时间从
20
世纪
50
年代的
8
小时减少到近
年来的
7
小时。与此同时
，高血压已然成为一个越来越严重的问题。
在睡眠期间的血压和心率通常处于最低水平。
睡眠不足者往往有较高
的血压、心脏病发作、糖尿病、体重增加
等问题。
睡得更好可能有助于抵抗疾病。
芝加哥西北大学的费利斯博士说：
“当人们睡眠不足时，
体
内的应激激素水平就会升高，
从而降低免疫
功能。
”芝加哥大学的一项研究表明，
睡眠良好的人寿命更长。
所以，
早点说“晚安”，
可以帮助你保持活力，并且，早睡
对晚年而言至关
重要。
问题：
16.
说话者讨论的主题是什么？
<
/p>
17.
我们从短文中了解到了当今美国人的什么方面？
18.
说话者在文中提到睡眠不足的人会发生什
么情况？
16
、
1.
The
importance
of
sleep
to
a
healthy
life.B.
Reasons
for
Americans'
decline
in
sleep.C.
Some
tips
to
improve
the
quality of sleep.D.
Diseases associated with lack of sleep.
精选
正确答案
: A
解析
:
Q:
What is the speaker mainly talking
about?
推理题。
结合整段独白可知，短文提出了睡眠时间减少的问题，并指出原因，
且引用
例证论证睡眠的重要性。
由此可推知，
短文的主要内容是讲述<
/p>
睡眠对健康生活的重要性。
因此
A
项“睡眠对于健康生活的重要性”
符合题意。故本题答案为
A
。
17
、
1.
They are more
health-conscious.B. They are changing their
living habits.C. They get less and less
sleep.D. They know the
dangers of lack
of sleep.
正确答案
:
C
解析
:
Q: What do we learn from the talk about
today's Americans?
推理题。
根据独白中“
Some 40% of Americans
get less than 7 hours of
shut-
eye
on
week
nights”
和
“sleep
duration
has
declined
from some 8 hours
in the 1950s to 7 in recent years
”可知，
大
约有
40%
的美
国人在一周之中晚上的睡眠时间不足
7
个小时，睡眠时
间从
20
世纪
50
年代的
8
小时减少到近年来的
7
小时。由此可推知，
精选
当今美国人的睡眠时间愈发减少。
因此
C
项“他们睡得越来越少”
符合题意。故本题答案为
C
。
18
、
A.
Their
weight
will
go
down.B.
Their
mind
function
will
deteriorate.C.
Their
work
efficiency
will
decrease.D.
Their
blood pressure will rise.
正确答案
: D
解析
:
Q:
What does the speaker say will happen to people
who lack
sleep?
推理题。
根据独白中“People
who sleep less tend to have higher blood
pressure,
heart
attack,
diabetes,
weight
gain
and
other
problems”可知，
睡眠不足者容易患高血压、心脏病、糖尿病等疾
病，还会出现体重增加和一些其他问题
。由此可推知，缺乏睡眠的人
血压会升高。
因此
D
项“血压会上升”符合题意。故本题答案为
D
。
Questions
19
to
21
are based
on
the
passage
you
have
just
heard.
听力原文
:
Parents
and
teachers
will
tell
you
not
to
worry
when
applying for a place at a university.
But in the same breath we
精选
will remind you that it is the most
important decision of your
life.
The first decision is your
choice of course. It will depend on
what you want to get out of university,
what you are good at
and what you
enjoy. The next decision is where to apply. Aim
high but within reason. Do you have the
right combination of
subjects
and
are
your
expected
grades
likely
to
meet
entry
requirements?
The deadline
is
January 15th.
But
it
is best
to
submit your application early because
universities begin work
as soon as
forms start rolling in.
The
most
important
part
of
the
application
is
the
much
feared
personal
statement.
This
is
your
chance
to
convey
boundless
enthusiasm
for
the
subject.
So
economy
of
expression is foremost. Omit dull and
ineffective generalities
and make sure
you give concrete examples.
Admissions
officers
read
every
personal
statement
that
arrives.
It
is
not
convincing
if
you
say
you
have
chosen
the
subject because you
enjoy it. You have to get across what it is
about a particular area that has
inspired you. They will look for
evidence
that
you
have
reflected
and
thought
about
the
subject.
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