heats上海市黄浦区2019届高三英语一模

黄浦区

2018

学年第一学期期末质量试卷

高三英语

（满 分

140

分，完卷时间

120

分钟）

2018.12

Ⅱ

. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions

：

After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For

the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word

that best fits each blank.

Just How Buggy is Your Phone?

What item in your home crawls with the most germs? If you say ___21___ toilet seat, you?re wrong.

Kitchen sponges top

the list. But cell phones are pretty dirty too. They contain around 10 times as many germs as toilet seats. People touch their

phones, laptops, and other digital devices all day long, yet rarely clean them.

In one incident, a thief paid a terrible price for stealing a germy cell phone. He stole it from a hospital in Uganda during a

widespread of the deadly disease Ebola. The phone?s owner reported the theft before ___22_ __

（

die

）

from the disease. Soon,

the thief began showing symptoms and finally ___23___

（

confess

）

to the crime.

___24___ in that unusual case a cell phone carried dangerous bacteria, not all germs are bad. Most cause no harm. In fact,

they could provide helpful information. Look at the surface of your phone carefully. Do you se

e some dirty mars?“That's all

you,”says microbial ecologist Jarrad Hampton

-

Marcell.“That?s biological information.”

It

turns

out

that

the

types

of

germs

that

you

apply

all

over

your

phone

or

tablet

are

different

from

___25___ of

your

friends and family. Th

ey?re like a fingerprint that could identify you. Some day in the future, investigators may use these

microbial fingerprints to solve crimes. Phones and digital devices may be one of the best places to look for buggy clues.

In a 2017 study, researchers sam

pled a range of surfaces in 22 participants? homes, ___26___ countertops and floors to

computer keyboards and mice. Then they tried to match the microbial fingerprints on each object to its owner. The office

equipment was easiest to match to its owner. In an ___27___

（< /p>

early

）

study, a different group of researchers found that they

could use microbial fingerprints to identify the person who ___28___

（

use

）

a computer keyboard even after the keyboard sat

untouched for two weeks at room temperature.

One day, microbial signatures might show ___29___ people have gone and what they have touched. They could prove

___30___ an unmarked device is yours. So, sure, your phone is pretty germy. Does that inspire you, or does it just bother

you?

Section B < /p>

Directions

：

Complet e the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that

there is one word more than you need.

A. measurement

B. similar

C. remarkably

D. monetary

E. astronomy

F. altered

G. civilization

H. defined

I. independence

J. invariably

K. dominated

The Nile

The ancient Greek writer Herodotus once described Egypt-with some envy-

as?the gift of the Nile?. The Egyptians depend

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1

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/

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页

on

the

river

for

food,

for

water

and

for

life.

The

Ancient

Egyptians

were

able

to

control

and

use

the

Nile,

creating

the

earliest irrigation systems and developing a prosperous ___31___.

Snaking through the deserts, the Nile would flood almost ___32___ each year in June. Once the water subsided, a rich

deposit of sand was left behind, making an excellent topaoil. Seeds were sown, yielding wheat, barley, beans, lentils and

leeks. Drought could spell disaster for the Egyptians, so during the dry seasons, they dug basins and channels to deliver

water to their land. They also devised simple channels to transfer water at the peak of the flood.

An early system of ___33___ a Nilometer, was used to determine the size of the floods. Later, during the New Kingdom,

a lifting system called a shaduf was used to raise water from the river--___34___ to the way in which a well is used today.

The

Egyptians

took

up

some

of

the

earliest

trading

missions.

Without

a(n)

___35___

system

they

exchanged

goods,

bringing back timber, precious stones, pottery, spices and animals. Their efforts in medicine were also ___36___ advanced:

surgeons

performed

operations

to

remove

cysts

（囊肿）

.

Mummification

gave

them

great

understanding

of

the

human

body- yet

they

also

relied

heavily

on

various

medicines

to

prevent

disease,

and

discoveries

were

often

confused

with

superstition

（迷信）

. And while a great deal of time was dedicated to ___37___ the Egyptians thought the stars were gods.

By the 16

th

century Egypt was under the Ottoman Empire until Britain seized control in 1882. What is now mostly Arabic

Egypt only won ___38___ from Britain after World War

Ⅱ

. The Suez Canal, opened in 1869, __________the country as a

center for world transportation. But it, and the completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1971 ___40___ the ecology of the

Nile, which now struggles to satisfy the country?s rapid

ly growing population, currently more than 76 million-the largest in

the Arab world.

Ⅲ

. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions

：

For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each

blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Keeping The Taps Running in Thirsty Cities

Water covers 71% of Earth?s surface yet only 2% of it is accessible as a source of fresh water. ___41___ on this limited

resources is rising, a trend likely to continue.

It is important to recognize that it is not just city residents who ___42___ water. Agriculture, industry and tourism often

require more water than the municipal water supply. Globally, 70% of fresh water is ___43___ for agriculture, but locally in

heavily irrigated

（灌溉）

areas this can increate to 90%. A healthy environment also requires fresh water, and the quality of

available water is as important as its ___44___.

Water

stress

is

not

always

caused by

physical

shortages

in

dry

areas.

___45___

for

water

resources

between

different

users within river catchments or basins can also be a cause.

Every thirsty city operates within its own context, ___46___ to the challenge of providing adequate water supplies. Cape

Town, ___47___, has faced three years of drought during which winter rains failed to materialize. At the end of the 2017

rainy season the city faced the ___48___ of its dams running dry during 2018. The dams were only 37% full

—

in the same

week four years before they were full to the top. In January 2018, it was ___49___ that Cape Town would reach Day Zero,

when it would be forced to turn off the taps, in April. This was despite the city reducing its water use by more than half,

from 1.2 billion litres a day in 2015 to fewer than 600 million litres, and working ___50___ with industry and agriculture to

reduce demand.

On February 1, the authorities put in place a strict limit of 50 litres of water per person per day. ___51___, in Britain this

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页

is considered enough for a five-minute shower of half a washing machine cycle on full load.

In

addition,

a

ban

was

placed

on

using

___52___

water

for

gardens,

water

management

devices

were

installed

at

household with a high water use and the water pressure was reduced to cut demand and leaks. At the same, the city launched

a media ___53___ to change habits and introduced higher duties. This is not without its costs; agriculture and tourism, both

significant

areas

of

employment,

have

___54___.

It

is

a

classic

example

of

the

problem

of

water

economics-the

cost

of

water is low but the cost of a lack of water is very high.

Crises such as the Cape Town drought are in danger of becoming the new norm. The ___55___ of Day Zero must serve

as a wake-up call for cities across the world to develop cost-effective water management strategies to cope with an uncertain

future.

41. A. Impact

42. A. recycle

43. A. restored

44. A. change

B. Pressure

B. waste

B. source

C. Impression

C. consume

C. origin

C. separated

C. Construction

C. responding

C. symptom

C. predicted

C. restrictively

C. inevitable

C. presentation

C. suffered

C. record

(A)

Despite

an

advertisement

campaign

suggesting

wall- to-

wall

special

effects,

“Bridge

of

Terabithia”

is

grounded

in

reality far more than in fantasy. Adapting Katherine Paterson?s award

-winning novel, the screenwriters David Paterson and

Jeff

Stockwell

have

produced

a

thoughtful

and

extremely

affecting

story

of

a

transformative

friendship

between

two

unusually gifted children. The result is a movie whose emotional depth could appeal more to adults than to their children.

Jess Aarons (Josh Hutcherson) is a sixth grader with four sisters, financially tensed parents and a talent for drawing. An

introverted(

内向的

) kid who is regularly picked on by the school buses, Jess forms a bond with a new student named Leslie

(Anna Sophia Robb), a free spirit whose parents, both writers, are fondly neglectful. An attraction between outsiders, their

friendship feeds on her words and his pictures; together they create an imaginary kingdom in the woods behind their homes,

a world they can control and where their minds can wander free.

Beautifully

capturing

a

time

when

a

bully

in

school

can

occur

as

large

as

a

monster

in

a

nightmare

and

the

encouragement of a teacher can alter the course of a life, “Bridge to Terabithia” keeps the fantasy in the background to find

magic

in

the

everyday.

Gabor

Csupo

directs

this,

his

first

feature,

like

someone

close

to

the

pain

of

being

different,

fascinated in tiny, perfect details.

With strong performances from all the leads, “Bridge to Terabithia” is able to handle adult topics with sensitivity. As

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D. Observation

D. apply

D. preserved

D. volume

D. Regulation

D. referring

D. as a result

D. security

D. explained

D. extensively

D. What?s more

D. influential

D. advertisement

D. proceeded

D. threat

B. abstracted

B. Protection

B. regarding

B. for example

B. illustration

B. presented

B. increasingly

B. drinkable

B. statement

B. liberated

B. theory

45. A. Competition

46. A. contributing

47. A. in addition

48. A. prospect

49. A. reported

C. on the contrary

50. A. respectively

52. A. feasible

53. A. campaign

54. A. invaded

55. A. change

Section B

51. A. By comparison

B. In other words

C. To our surprise

the emotional landscape da

rkens, those who haven?t read the book may be surprised at the sorrow the filmmakers cause

without ever resorting to horror or terror. In other words, your children may cry, but they won?t be

traumatized

so badly.

Consistently

smart

and

delicate

as

a

spid

er

web,

“Bridge

to

Terabithia”

is

the

kind

of

children?s

movie

rarely

seen

nowadays.

At

a

time

when

many

public

schools

are

being

forced

to

cut

music

and

art

from

the

curriculum,

the

story?s

insistence on the healing power of a cultivated imagination is both welcome and essential.

56.

The second paragraph indicates that Jess and Leslie ________.

(B)

Hot Air Balloons

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4

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A. lost their control over the imaginary kingdom

B. looked down on their individual realities

C. formed a good friendship despite their different talents

D. wrote a book about a magical land called Terabithia

A. criticized

B. ignored

C. delighted

D. shocked

57.

Which of the following words is most likely to replace “

traumatized

” (paragraph 4)?

58.

The two children most likely ________.

A. skipped school to play in the woods behind their campus

B. created an imaginary world as an escape from reality

C. disappointed their parents with their over-active imaginations

D. won against the bullies at school with strong performances

A. The fantasy components of the movie were too over-done.

B. The movie is motional but not much too dramatic.

C. “Bridge to Terabithia” has a negative impact on public school education.

D. Chi

ldren shouldn?t watch the film as they are too young to understand the topics.

59.

Which of the following statements will the author most probably agree with?

A hot air balloon is made