队服-董安立
黄浦区
2018
学年第一学期期末质量试卷
高三英语
（满分
140
分，完卷时间
120
分钟）
2018.12
Ⅱ
. Grammar and
Vocabulary
Section
A
Directions
：
After
reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to
make the passage coherent and grammatically
correct. For
the blanks with a given
word, fill in each blank with the proper form of
the given word; for the other blanks, use one word
that best fits each blank.
Just How Buggy is Your
Phone?
What item in your
home crawls with the most germs? If you say
___21___ toilet seat, you’re wrong. Kitchen
sponges top
the list. But cell phones
are pretty dirty too. They contain around 10 times
as many germs as toilet seats. People touch their
phones, laptops, and other digital
devices all day long, yet rarely clean
them.
In one incident, a
thief paid a terrible price for stealing a germy
cell phone. He stole it from a hospital in Uganda
during a
widespread of the deadly
disease Ebola. The phone’s owner reported the
theft before ___22___
（
die
）
from the disease. Soon,
the thief began showing symptoms and
finally ___23___
（
confess
）
to the crime.
___24___ in that unusual case a cell
phone carried dangerous bacteria, not all germs
are bad. Most cause no harm. In fact,
they could provide helpful information.
Look at the surface of your phone carefully. Do
you see some dirty mars?“That's all
you,”says microbial ecologist Jarrad
Hampton-Marcell.“That’s biological
information.”
It turns out
that the types of germs that you apply all over
your phone or tablet are different from ___25___
of your friends
and family. They’re
like a fingerprint that could identify you. Some
day in the future, investigators may use these
microbial
fingerprints to solve crimes.
Phones and digital devices may be one of the best
places to look for buggy clues.
In a 2017 study, researchers sampled a
range of surfaces in 22 participants’ homes,
___26___ countertops and floors to
computer keyboards and mice. Then they
tried to match the microbial fingerprints on each
object to its owner. The office
equipment was easiest to match to its
owner. In an ___27___
（
early<
/p>
）
study, a different group of
researchers found that they
could use
microbial fingerprints to identify the person who
___28___
（
use
）
a computer keyboard even after the keyboard
sat untouched for two weeks at room
temperature.
One day,
microbial signatures might show ___29___ people
have gone and what they have touched. They could
prove
___30___ an unmarked device is
yours. So, sure, your phone is pretty germy. Does
that inspire you, or does it just bother
you?
Section
B
Directions
：
Complete the following passage by using the
words in the box. Each word can only be used once.
Note that there
is one word more than
you need.
A. measurement
B. similar
C. remarkably
D. monetary
E. astronomy
F. altered
G.
civilization
H. defined
I. independence
J. invariably
K. dominated
The Nile
The ancient Greek writer Herodotus once
described Egypt-with some envy-as‘the gift of the
Nile’. The Egyptians depend
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on
the river for food, for water and for life. The
Ancient Egyptians were able to control and use the
Nile, creating the earliest
irrigation
systems and developing a prosperous
___31___.
Snaking through
the deserts, the Nile would flood almost ___32___
each year in June. Once the water subsided, a rich
deposit of sand was left behind, making
an excellent topaoil. Seeds were sown, yielding
wheat, barley, beans, lentils and leeks.
Drought could spell disaster for the
Egyptians, so during the dry seasons, they dug
basins and channels to deliver water to
their land. They also devised simple
channels to transfer water at the peak of the
flood.
An early system of
___33___ a Nilometer, was used to determine the
size of the floods. Later, during the New Kingdom,
a lifting system called a shaduf was
used to raise water from the river--___34___ to
the way in which a well is used today.
The
Egyptians
took
up
some
of
the
earliest
trading
missions.
Without
a(n)
___35___
system
they
exchanged
goods,
bringing back timber,
precious stones, pottery, spices and animals.
Their efforts in medicine were also ___36___
advanced:
surgeons performed operations
to remove cysts
（囊肿）
.
Mummification gave them great understanding of the
human body-
yet they also relied heavily
on various medicines to prevent disease, and
discoveries were often confused with
superstition
（迷信）
. And while
a great deal of time was dedicated to ___37___ the
Egyptians thought the stars were gods.
By the 16
th
century Egypt was under the Ottoman Empire until
Britain seized control in 1882. What is now mostly
Arabic
Egypt only won ___38___ from
Britain after World War
Ⅱ
.
The Suez Canal, opened in 1869, __________the
country as a
center for world
transportation. But it, and the completion of the
Aswan High Dam in 1971 ___40___ the ecology of the
Nile,
which now struggles to satisfy
the country’s rapidly growing population,
currently more than 76 million-the largest in the
Arab world.
Ⅲ
. Reading
Comprehension
Section
A
Directions
：
For
each blank in the following passages there are
four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill
in each
blank with the word or phrase
that best fits the context.
Keeping The Taps Running in Thirsty
Cities
Water covers 71% of
Earth’s surface yet only 2% of it is accessible as
a source of fresh water. ___41___ on this limited
resources is rising, a trend likely to
continue.
It is important to
recognize that it is not just city residents who
___42___ water. Agriculture, industry and tourism
often
require more water than the
municipal water supply. Globally, 70% of fresh
water is ___43___ for agriculture, but locally in
heavily
irrigated
（灌溉）
areas this can
increate to 90%. A healthy environment also
requires fresh water, and the quality of
available water is as important as its
___44___.
Water stress is
not always caused by physical shortages in dry
areas. ___45___ for water resources between
different users
within river catchments
or basins can also be a cause.
Every thirsty city operates within its
own context, ___46___ to the challenge of
providing adequate water supplies. Cape
Town, ___47___, has faced three years
of drought during which winter rains failed to
materialize. At the end of the 2017 rainy
season the city faced the ___48___ of
its dams running dry during 2018. The dams were
only 37% full—in the same week
four
years before they were full to the top. In January
2018, it was ___49___ that Cape Town would reach
Day Zero, when it
would be forced to
turn off the taps, in April. This was despite the
city reducing its water use by more than half,
from 1.2
billion litres a day in 2015
to fewer than 600 million litres, and working
___50___ with industry and agriculture to reduce
demand.
On
February 1, the authorities put in place a strict
limit of 50 litres of water per person per day.
___51___, in Britain this
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is considered enough for a
five-minute shower of half a washing machine cycle
on full load.
In addition, a
ban was placed on using ___52___ water for
gardens, water management devices were installed
at household
with a high water use and
the water pressure was reduced to cut demand and
leaks. At the same, the city launched a media
___53___ to change habits and
introduced higher duties. This is not without its
costs; agriculture and tourism, both significant
areas of employment, have ___54___. It
is a classic example of the problem of water
economics-the cost of water is low but
the cost of a lack of water is very
high.
Crises such as the
Cape Town drought are in danger of becoming the
new norm. The ___55___ of Day Zero must serve as
a wake-up call for cities across the
world to develop cost-effective water management
strategies to cope with an uncertain
future.
41. A. Impact
42. A. recycle
43. A. restored
44. A. change
B. Pressure
B.
waste
B.
source
C.
Impression
C.
consume
C. origin
C.
separated
C.
Construction
C.
responding
C.
symptom
C.
predicted
C.
restrictively
C.
inevitable
C.
presentation
C.
suffered
C.
record
(A)
Despite an advertisement
campaign suggesting wall-to-wall special effects,
“Bridge of Terabithia” is grounded in reality
far more
than in fantasy.
Adapting Katherine Paterson’s award-winning novel,
the
screenwriters David Paterson and
Jeff
Stockwell have produced a
thoughtful and extremely affecting story of a
transformative friendship between two unusually
gifted children. The result is a movie
whose emotional depth could appeal more to adults
than to their children.
Jess Aarons (Josh Hutcherson) is a
sixth grader with four sisters, financially tensed
parents and a talent for drawing. An
introverted(
内向的
)
kid who is regularly picked on by the school
buses, Jess forms a bond with a new student named
Leslie
(Anna Sophia Robb), a free
spirit whose parents, both writers, are fondly
neglectful. An attraction between outsiders, their
friendship feeds on her words and his
pictures; together they create an imaginary
kingdom in the woods behind their homes,
a world they can control and where
their minds can wander free.
Beautifully capturing a
time when a bully in school can occur as large as
a monster in a nightmare and the encouragement
of a teacher can alter the course of a
life, “Bridge to Terabithia” keeps the fantasy in
the background to find magic in the
everyday. Gabor Csupo directs this, his
first feature, like someone close to the pain of
being different, fascinated in tiny,
perfect details.
With strong performances from all the
leads, “Bridge to Terabithia” is able to handle
adult topics with sensitivity. As the
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D. Observation
D.
apply
D.
preserved
D.
volume
D.
Regulation
D.
referring
D. as a
result
D.
security
D.
explained
D.
extensively
D. What’s
more
D.
influential
D.
advertisement
D.
proceeded
D.
threat
B.
abstracted
B.
Protection
B.
regarding
B. for
example
B.
presented
B.
increasingly
B.
drinkable
B.
statement
B.
liberated
B.
theory
45. A. Competition
46. A. contributing
47. A. in
addition
48. A.
prospect
49. A.
reported
C. on
the contrary
B.
illustration
50.
A. respectively
52. A. feasible
53. A. campaign
54. A. invaded
55. A. change
Section B
51.
A. By comparison
B. In other
words
C. To our
surprise
emotional landscape
darkens, those who haven’t read the book may be
surprised at the sorrow the filmmakers cause
without
ever resorting to horror or
terror. In other words, your children may cry, but
they won’t be
traumatized
so
badly.
Consistently
smart
and
delicate
as
a
spider
web,
“Bridge
to Terabithia”
is
the
kind
of
children’s
movie
rarely
seen
nowadays. At a time when many public
schools are being forced to cut music and art from
the curriculum, the story’s insistence
on the healing power of a cultivated
imagination is both welcome and
essential.
56.
The second
paragraph indicates that Jess and Leslie
________.
(B)
Hot Air Balloons
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A.
lost their control over the imaginary
kingdom
B. looked down on
their individual realities
C. formed a good friendship despite
their different talents
D.
wrote a book about a magical land called
Terabithia
A.
criticized
B. ignored
C. delighted
D.
shocked
57.
Which of the following words is most
likely to replace
“
traumatized
” (paragraph
4)?
58.
The two children most likely
________.
A. skipped school
to play in the woods behind their
campus
B. created an
imaginary world as an escape from
reality
C. disappointed
their parents with their over-active
imaginations
D. won against
the bullies at school with strong
performances
A. The fantasy
components of the movie were too over-
done.
B. The movie is
motional but not much too dramatic.
C. “Bridge to Terabithia” has a
negative impact on public school
education.
D. Children
shouldn’t watch the film as they are too young to
understand the topics.
59.
Which of the
following statements will the author most probably
agree with?
A hot air
balloon is made