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原文地址：
【英语】被动语态错误
20
种
作者：
散花剑
【散花剑原创英语稿件，未发表，欢迎选用，若转载，请注明。】
被动语态学生常犯错误
20
种
·湖北省浠水县第一中学
李可
【
被动语态的重要性
】
被动语态有人称、
数和时态的变化 ，
是高中阶段一项重要的英语语法，
同学
们非掌握不可。本文只以
2010< br>年湖北高考英语完成句子题来说明其重要性：
n insisted that the problem worthy of attention
________(
讨论
)at the meeting.(discuss)
night’s TV news said that by
then the death of the missing
people ________
（未证实）
yet.(prove)
80.
________(
正如我们强调的那样)many
times,
“serve
the
people
“is
our first policy.(stress)
[Keys]:76,(should) be discussed 78, had not been proved; 80, As
has been stressed/ As we have stressed.
10
道完成句子题，竟有
3
个题目考查到被动语态！另外，被动语态还被运
用于短 文写作当中，使表达更加流畅和恰当。例如
2008
年湖北高考书面表达：
Then I took it to the seller, but was told that the model had been sold
out and I had to wait at least three months for a new one.
但是由于汉语
里有时 并不使用“被”字句表达，
所以同学们一时难以想到使用被动语态，
造成
失误。
本文特将同学们常犯的一些有关被动语态的错误进行综合整理，
希望对大家
有所帮 助。
【
被动语态错误
20
种
】
1
，副词放错位置。
【误】
Such a man has been hardly believed.
【正】
Such a man has hardly been believed.
【简析】
often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom
等副词应置
于助动词的后边，
been
，
being
的前面。
2
，不及物动词错用被动语态。
【误】
Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978.
【正】
Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.
【简析】
并不是所有动词都有被动语态。
appear,
disappear, happen,
take
place,
break
out,
belong
to,
cost,
last,
come
true,
fall
asleep,
lose
heart,
keep silence
等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。又如：
To our surprise, the
news spread all over the city overnight.
令我们吃惊的是，这个消息一夜
间传遍了全城。
3
，错将动词短语分割或漏掉介词。
【误】
The patients have been taken good care.
【正】
The patients have been taken good care of.
【简析】
短语动词在变被动语态时不可分割或省略其中的介词或副词。
又如：
Every means should be made full use of to solve the problem.
4,
短暂性动词与延续性时间连用错误。
【误】
How long has this book been bought?
【正】
How long ago was this book bought?
【简析】一些特殊动词
,
如
borrow,
finish,
begin,
buy,
start,
return,
marry, open, join
等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状 语
连用。若要表达相应的意思，则需改换动词或时态。
5,
误将双宾语句中的两个宾语都作了改变。
例如：
I have given him the key.
变被动句→
【误】
Him the key has been given by me.
【正】
He has been given the key.
【正】
The key has been given (to) him.
【简析】
双宾语动词变被动语态可将其中的一个宾语变为主语，
另一个保留
不动。
6,
改被动语态时犯见宾语就进行改动的错误。
例如：
I have asked her to help you.
变被动句→
【误】
You are helped by her.
【正】
She has been asked to help you.
带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时
,
只能将宾语变为主语
,
原来的宾补保留
不动，
改称主语补足语。
7,
犯时态错误。
【误】
The silence of the library has been broken only by the sound
of pages being turned over.
【正】
The silence of the library was broken only by the sound of
pages being turned over.
【简析】
被动语态也有各种时态的变化，
要根据需要使用不同的时态。< br>又如：
If l am given enough time, I will do it better.
给我足够的时间，我会做
得更好。该句条件句使用一般现在时，而主句要使用将 来时。
8,
犯受汉语影响而没使用被动语态的错误。
【误】
I have introduced to Mr. Smith
．
【正】
I have been introduced to Mr. Smith (by Mr. Wang).
【简析】当人作主语时，有些同学不习惯使用被动语态。此句中
int roduce
为及物动词，
I
是
introduce
的承受者，表示 “我被介绍给?”。
9
，误将有时不用被动语态的动词使用了被动语态。
【误】
The door has been opened of itself.
【正】
The door has opened of itself
．
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barked-缅怀过去
barked-缅怀过去
barked-缅怀过去
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