一家一户-热狗的英文
Rhetorical Devices
1.
Periodic Sentence
—
The essential elements in the sentence are withheld until
the end.
圆周句
What are the periodic sentences used in the text?
（
1
）
Any man or state
who fights on against Nazidom
will have our aid
.
（
2
）
If
Hitler
imagines
that
his
attack
on
Soviet
Russia
will
cause
the
slightest
divergence
of
aims
or
slackening
of
effort
in
the
great
democracies,
he
is
woefully mistaken.
2.
Rhetorical Question
修辞问句，反问
（
1
）
How was it possible to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing
worth of note?
（
2
）
Shall we allow those untruths to go unanswered?
Where in the text can you find this device?
e.g.
（
1
）
… but can you doubt what our policy will be?
3. Parallelism (Parallel Structure)
（
1
）
No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till all
are moral; no one can be perfectly happy till all are happy.
（
2
）
In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon you and
yours, to the last of your bad race, to answer for them. In the days when all these
things are to be answered for, I summon your brother, the worst of your bad race, to
answer for them separately.
Where in the text can you find this device?
（
1
）
We
will
never parley, we
will
never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gang.
（
2
）
We shall fight him
by land,
we shall fight him
by sea,
we shall fight him
in the
air…
（
3
）
Behind all this
glare,
behind all this
storm…
（
4
）
I see
the Russian soldiers standing…
I see
them guarding…
I see
the ten thousand
villages…
I
see
advancing upon…
I see
also the dull…
I
see
the German bombers…
I
see
that small group…
（
5
）
That is
our policy and
that is
our declaration.
（
6
）
We shall be
fortified and encouraged in our efforts…
We shall be
strengthened
and not weakened in determination and resources.
（
7
）
Let us
learn the lessons already taught by such cruel experience.
Let us
redouble our exertions…
3.
Inversion
倒装
Where in the text can you find this device?
（
1
）
From this nothing will turn us
—
nothing.
（
2
）
but this I will say
5. Repetition
—
原词重复或同义词重复
(1)We have but one
aim
and one single, irrevocable
purpose
.
(2)He has so long
thrived
and
prospered
.
(3)We will never
parley
, we will never
negotiate
.
6. Metaphor.
通常用指某物的词或词组来指代他物，从而暗示它们之间的相似
之处，如
“
忧愁之海
”“a sea of troubles”
或
“
整个世界一台戏
”
“All the world’s a
stage”
(
莎士比亚
)
。
（
1
）
The world is a stage.
（
2
）
Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.
（
3
）
Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed
and digested.
Where in the text can you find this device?
(1)
rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its peoples from his yoke
(2)
standing on the threshold of their native land
7. Alliteration
压头韵，即在一群字或诗中
,
第一个字母或发音的重复。
1. The sun sank slowly.
2. . . . on scrolls of silver snowy sentences (Hart Crane)
在写满银色雪般句子的卷轴上
(
哈特
·
克兰
)
3. How and why he had come to Princeton, New Jersey is a story of struggle, success,
and sadness.
ng for his hearth and home
us learn the lessons already taught by such cruel experience
6.I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery plodding on.
8. Simile
明喻，标志词常用
like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as
等。
1He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.
2.I wandered lonely as a cloud.
in only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.
looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me
like a spirit.
9. Metonymy
借喻
,
转喻——
不直接说出所 要说的事物
,
而使用另一个与之相关的
事物名称
.
I.
以容器代替内容
,
例如
:
1. The kettle boils.
水开了
.
2. The room sat silent.
全屋人安静地坐着
.
II.
以资料
.
工具代替事物的名称
,
例如
:
e.g.: Lend me your ears, please.
请听我说
.
III.
以作者代替作品
,
例如
:
e.g.: a complete Shakespeare
莎士比亚全集
VI.
以具体事物代替抽象概念
,
例如
:
e.g.: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it.
我有力气
,
他们就用我
的力气赚钱
.
More examples
1.
Are you reading much
Shakespeare?
2.
All my students read
Emerson
,
Thoreau
and
Huxley
.
3.
The English simply worship
the crown.
4.
He is too fond of
the bottle
.
5.
The pen is mightier than the sword.
10. Synecdoche
提 喻——
用部分代替全体
,
或用全体代替部分
,
或特殊代替一般
.
as in “
hands
” for “men who do manual labor” , “
a fleet of 50 sails
” for “ a fleet
of
一家一户-热狗的英文
一家一户-热狗的英文
一家一户-热狗的英文
一家一户-热狗的英文
一家一户-热狗的英文
一家一户-热狗的英文
一家一户-热狗的英文
一家一户-热狗的英文
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