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导联线整理英语动词《第三人称单数形式》的变化规则

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2021-01-26 22:01
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2021年1月26日发(作者:情人节英语)






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整理人

尼克

仁爱版八年级
英语上册的单
元知识点初中
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仁爱版八年级英语上册的单元知识点
+
初中英语
3


1) leave
的用法

1.“leave+
地点
表示

离开某地

。例如:



When did you leave Shanghai?



你什么时候离开上海的?

2.“leave for+
地点
表示

动身去某地

。例如:



Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.



下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了。

3.“leave+
地 点
+for+
地点

表示

离开某地去某地
。例如:



Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?



你为什么要离开上海去北京?

2)
情态动词
should“
应该

学会使用



should
作为情态动词用,常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解
等,有
竟会

的意思,例如:



How should I know?
我怎么知道?



Why should you be so late today?
你今天为什么来得这么
晚?




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should
有时表示应当做或发生的事,例如:



We should help each other.
我们应当互相帮助。



我们在使用时要注意以下几点:



1.
用于表示

应该



不应该

的概念。
此时常指长辈教导
或责备晚辈。例如:



You should be here with clean hands.
你应该把手洗干净了
再来。




2.
用于提出意见劝导别人。例如:



You should go to the doctor if you feel ill.
如果你感觉不舒
服,你最好去看医生。



3.
用于表示可能性。
should
的这一用法是考试中常常出现
的考点之一。例如:< br>


We should arrive by supper time.
我们在晚饭前就能到了。




She should be here any moment.
她随时都可能来。


3


1. what


which
都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是
what
仅用来询问职业。如:





What is your father?

你父亲是干什么的?




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该句相当于:





What does your father do?




What is your father's job?




Which
指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如:

---
Which is Peter?

哪个是皮特?





---
The boy behind Mary.

玛丽背后的那个男孩。




2.
What...?
是泛指,所指的事物没有范围的限制;而

Which...?
是特指,所指的事物有范围的限制。如:





What color do you like best?

(所有颜色)




你最喜爱什么颜色?





Which
color
do
you
like
best,
blue,
green
or
yellow?

(有特定的范围)




你最喜爱哪一种颜色?



3. what


which
后都可以接单、
复数名词和不可数名词。
如:





Which pictures are from China?




哪些图片来自中国?




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4)
频度副词的位置



1.
常见的频度副词有以下这些:





always
(总是,一直)





usually
(通常)





often
(常常,经常)





sometimes
(有时候)





never
(从不)



2.
频度副词的位置:




a.
放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如:





David is often arrives late for school.





大卫上学经常迟到。




b.
放在行为动词前。如:





We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.





我们每天经常在
7

10
去上学。




c.
有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾,
用来表示强调。
如:





Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike.





有时我步行回家,有时我骑自行车。




放在句首时,主语、谓语动词要倒装。如:




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Never have I been there.

5) every day


everyday



1. every day

作状语,译为

每一天

。如:





We go to school at 7:10 every day.





我们每天
7

10
去上学。





I decide to read English every day.





我决定每天读英语。



2. everyday
作定语,译为

日常的







She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.





她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。





What's your everyday activity?





你的日常活动是什么?

6)
什么是助动词



1.
协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词

Auxiliary
Verb

。被协助的动词称作主要动词(
Main Verb






助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用,例如:




He doesn't like English.

他不喜欢英语。





doesn't
是助动词,
无词义;
lik e
是主要动词,
有词义)




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2.
助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来:




a.
表示时态,例如:





He is singing.

他在唱歌。





He has got married.

他已结婚。




b.
表示语态,例如:





He was sent to England.

他被派往英国。




c.
构成疑问句,例如:





Do you like college life?

你喜欢大学生活吗?





Did you study English before you came here?
你来这儿
之前学过英语吗?




d.
与否定副词
not
合用,构成否定句,例如:





I don't like him.


我不喜欢他。




e.
加强语气,例如:





Do come to the party tomorrow evening.
明天晚上一
定来参加晚会。





He did know that.


他的确知道那件事。



3.
最常用的助动词有:
be, have, do, shall, will, should, would

7) forget doing/to do

remember doing/to do




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to do

忘记要去做某事。

(
未做
)



forget doing

忘记做过某事。


(
已做
)



The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.



办公室的灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。
(
没有做关灯的动作
)



He forgot turning the light off.



他忘记他已经关了灯了。




(
已做过关灯的动作
)



Don't forget to come tomorrow.



别忘了明天来。







(to come
动作未做
)



典型例题




----
The light in the office is still on.




----
Oh

I forgot___.
















A. turning it off


B. turn it off







C. to turn it off


D. having turned it off



答案:
C
。由
the light is still on
可知灯亮着,即关灯的动
作没有发生,因此用
forget to do sth.

forget doing sth

表示灯已
经关上了,而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。



er to do
记得去做某事





(
未做
)




remember doing

记得做过某事




(
已做
)




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Remember to go to the post office after school.




记着放学后去趟邮局。




Don't you remember seeing the man before?




你不记得以前见过那个人吗
?

8) It's for sb.


It's of sb.



sb.
常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形
容词,如
easy, hard, difficult,


interesting, impossible
等:




It's very hard for him to study two languages.
对他来说学
两门外语是很难的。



sb

的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观
感情或态度的形容词,如
good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right





It's very nice of you to help me.
你来帮助我,你真是太好
了。





of
的辨别方法:



用介词后面的代词作 主语,用介词前边的形容词作表语,
造个句子。如果道理上通顺用
of
,不通则用for
。如:




You are nice.

(
通顺,所以应用
of)





He is hard.

(
人是困难的,不通,因此应用
for

)




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9)
对两个句子的提问


< br>新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消
的趋势,现在采取的作法是对一个句子进行 自由提问。例如:



句子:
The boy in blue has three pens.



提问:
has three pens?






boy has three pens?






does the boy in blue have?

many pens does the boy in blue have?



很显然,学生多了更多的回答角度,也体现了考试的灵活
性。再如:



句子:
He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on
Sunday.



提问:
usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00
on Sunday?







does
he
usually
go
with
his
friends
at
8:00
on Sunday?






does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on
Sunday?




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whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00
on Sunday?






time does he usually go to the park with his
friends on Sunday?







does
he
usually
go
to
the
park
with
his
friends?

10) so

such
与不定冠词的使用




与不定冠词
a

an
连用,结构为
“so+
形容词
+a/an+



。如:




He is so funny a boy.




Jim has so big a house.




与不定冠词
a

an
连用,结构为
“such+a/an+
形容词
+
名词

。如:




It is such a nice day.




That was such an interesting story.

11)
使用
-
ing
分词的几种情况



1.
在进行时态中。如:




He is watching TV in the room.




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They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.



2.

there be
结构中。如:




There is a boy swimming in the river.



3.

have fun/problems
结构中。如:




We have fun learning English this term.




They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.



4.
在介词后面。如:




Thanks for helping me.




Are you good at playing basketball.

5.
在以下结构中:




enjoy doing sth











乐于做某事




finish doing sth











完成做某事




feel like doing sth
















想要做某事




stop doing sth





















停止做某事




forget doing sth



















忘记做过某事




go on doing sth




















继续做某事




remember doing sth

















记得做过某事




like doing sth





















喜欢做某事




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keep sb doing sth


















使某人一直做某





find sb doing sth


















发现某人做某事




see/hear/watch
sb
doing
sth








看到
/
听到
/
观看
某人做某事




try doing sth






















试图做某事




need doing sth





















需要做某事




prefer doing sth



















宁愿做某事




mind doing sth





















介意做某事




practice doing sth

















练习做某事




be busy doing sth


















忙于做某事




can't help doing sth















禁不住做某事




miss doing sth





















错过做某事


12)
英语中的

单数




1.
主语的第三人称单数形式,
即可用
“he,

she,

it”
代替的。
如:




he, she, it




my friend,

his teacher,

our classroom,

Tom,

Mary's



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